International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 10 | Oct 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Exponential ESG Trends in the UK: A Comparative Study of Shell and AstraZeneca - Tanisi Garg --------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - This research paper is analyzing in the United Kingdom through examination of revenue, wages, taxation, and environmental factors. With exponential trend equations, we conclude that both firms display positive trends in revenue increase, wage payments, taxation, and environmental data, emphasizing their increasing economic importance and social roles. AstraZeneca displays a differing environmental trend, with greenhouse gas emissions splitting from the positive trend and demonstrating decreases that correlate with sustainable pharmaceutical operations. Shell, in spite of still making significant contributions to the UK economy, indicates growing investment in clean and renewable energy as part of its movement away from carbon-based operations. The comparison's findings point out the industry-specific issues of ESG implementation: AstraZeneca prioritizes the control of emissions in the production of healthcare, and Shell uses its financial capabilities to invest in projects of energy transition. Taken as a whole, the findings indicate that ESG measures not only reflect corporate responsibility but also are indicators of long-term resilience, with both companies contributing in distinct ways to the UK's sustainability agenda and wider net-zero objectives. 1. Research Question: How do any companies ESG performance effects and attract investors in UK? 2. Aim: is to analyse how ESG like revenue, employee salaries, tax payment, and energy/carbon emissions correspond with growth of shell and AstraZeneca over the last decade and has impact on investors and UK economy? 3. Rationale: Shell and AstraZeneca, both are largest global firms in their sector and hive very important role in UK economy. Both have made strategic changes and heightened ESG having positive impact on UK economy. 4. Introduction: ESG refers to Environmental, Social, and Governance and what is considered a frame of reference for evaluating a corporation’s operations in a business model as a sustainable operation, ethical, and responsible in its business practices. ESG criteria is of greater importance for investors, regulators, and other relevant parties in assessing the risks as well as the advantages, creating value and impact of business operations. 1.
2. 3.
Environmental (E): This siren is about the business’s impact on the greater Earth. This includes its climate change policies, emission of carbon practices, energy practices including adoption of renewables, waste management, pollution management, biodiversity, conservation, and water management, and overall conservation of living resources. Social (S): Includes the DEI and encompasses the social wellbeing of the employees, their social labor rights, health and safety at the workplace, and other social risk the business and its associated parties may undertake. Governance (G): It is about the business’s own operations, management, and accountability to its management, decision processes and overall the associated business responsibilities. Discusses the board and its organization, board’s independence, executive’s pay and compensation, shareholders rights, and anti-corruption and compliance, business policies on governance and control, risk management and governed transparency of the disclosures. Why ESG Matters: ESG Considerations directly help businesses to recognize and solve potentially damaging issues, fortify stakeholder faith, and achieve growth that is sustainable in the long run. ESG performance is directly connected to how well companies manage their finances and their ability to attract investors.
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