International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil by Using Red Mud and Sodium Silicate Nitin Mane1, Prof M. S. Rajashekhar2, 1P.
G Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Jain College of Engineering, Belagavi, VTU Belagavi, Karnataka, India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Jain College of Engineering, Belagavi, VTU Belagavi, Karnataka, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – Day by day construction activities are increasing
undergone number of problems because of unexpected movement of structures upward and down words and thus it results into cracks in pavements, which are resting on them. The property of swelling and shrinkage of soil creates depression cracks and swelling of construction on it. Therefore, there is a requirement to upgrade or improve the engineering properties of inefficient soils in advance to put the respective soil in construction views.
rapidly. It is an Engineers task to take of the every steps of the construction activity should run safely. In particularly, construction activities on black cotton soil brings challenging tasks to him to handle. When the civil structures are needed to construct over the soils, which are unable to provide the desired properties to civil structures for the construction in such cases stabilization is the only method to get the desired properties of soil. By studying the properties of black cotton soil, it is observed that, its strength properties such as UCS and CBR are very low. In order to construct any foundation on the same soil, we need to stabilize the black cotton soil. Black cotton soil was stabilized with red mud by varying the % of mix from 10% to 40% with 2% interval sodium silicate is also used in the mixes in order to give better binding between the particles. It is observed that results obtained at the mix proportions 10% to 30% is increasing. Optimum of 30% of red mud replacement gives better results. Along with this 6% of sodium silicate replacement gives better results. The sodium silicate content increased CBR values got increased up to 8% of sodium silicate. Later as the percentage of sodium silicate increased, CBR values got decreased. The maximum value of CBR being 3.9%, which is obtained for D308 combination.
1.1) Stabilization Soil stabilization is the process of changing the soils to improve their physical properties, shear strength of soil and thus improving the load bearing capacity of a sub-grade to support pavements and foundation by blending and mixing with other materials. A few common types of stabilization of soil are listed as below: a) b) c) d) e)
Key Words: Red mud, Sodium Silicate, Strength, Soil. Stabilization
2. MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES
1. INTRODUCTION
2.1)
Now a day’s, the population of the world is rapidly increasing, which indeed resulting in to reduction of good land availability for construction purposes. Thus the reduced availability of land, causing construction of more buildings and other many civil engineering structures needs to be constructed on weak, unsound or soft soil, which is not good and safe for construction of structures. It has been noted that most of the civil engineering structures becomes unsuccessful due to the presence of weak and unsound underlying soil strata. For e.g. construction of various buildings, water retaining structures, and under water structures etc. Generally the black cotton soil contains clay’s or very fine silts which have a special typical property for volume change such as swelling to softening or shrinking to dry cracks, which depends on the saturation moisture content in black cotton soil. The movements caused by swelling and shrinking in expansive soils have previously
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Stabilization of soil by Cement. Stabilization of soil by Bitumen. Stabilization of soil by using Lime. Stabilization of soil chemical. Stabilization of soil by salt.
Black cotton soil
In India, a region around one-sixth is involved by black cotton soil. The area cover mainly the Deccan Trap plateau, between 73˚80’ East longitude and 15˚ to 24˚ north latitude. Along these line, vast majority of soil in and around Mumbai, Madras, Gwalior, Khandwa, Indore, Pune and even some on the steam bank is black cotton soil. That implies these soils are prevalent in Deccan trap level locale i.e. in conditions of Andhra Pradesh, Western Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra, northern Karnataka and Tamilnadu. The soil sample is collected in this research is from the local area of Belagavi, and tests were carried out for their engineering properties and index properties.
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