International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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TRAFFIC LIGHTS CONTROL SYSTEM FOR INDIAN CITIES USING WSN AND FUZZY CONTROL Hiteshi Garg1, Er. Gautam Kaushal2 1M.Tech.
Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala ----------------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------------2Assistant
ABSTRACT: The traffic light is the device responsible for
soon realized that their presence may also be used to regulate the efficiency of road network operations, hence there must exist an optimal control strategy leading to the minimization of the total time spent by all vehicles in the network [2].
ensuring the right of way by ordering the flow of vehicles with the goal of avoiding accidents. While the social geography of the urban centers changes over time, it imposes new restrictions to the vehicles flow. Such restrictions are often not reflected in the traffic lights programming leading to congestions at the urban centers. In this work, a traffic lights dynamic control system has been proposed that combines an IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for real-time traffic monitoring. The Zigbee based wireless transceiver system can be adopted for this purposes in which both transmitter and receiver blocks has been designed to transmit data from and to centralized control from the sensors required for counting vehicles. Multiple fuzzy logic controllers has been designed, one for each phase, that work in parallel. Each fuzzy controller addresses vehicles turning movements and dynamically manages both the phase and the green time of traffic lights. The proposed system combines the typical advantages of WSNs such as, easy deployment and maintenance, flexibility, low cost, noninvasiveness, and scalability with the benefits of using four parallel fuzzy controllers, one for each phase, instead of a single controller for all the phases which causes better performance, fault-tolerance, and support for phasespecific management. The work proposes a novel system that combines several technologies i.e. fuzzy logic and WSN in an original way so as to obtain a lightweight but effective solution. Simulation results demonstrate that the multicontroller approach here proposed outperforms related works in terms of reduction of the vehicle waiting times in the queues, especially under heavy traffic.
The Traffic Light Control (TLC) problem aims at dynamically controlling the flow of traffic at an intersection through the timing of green/red light cycles with the objective of reducing congestion, hence also the delays incurred by drivers. The general problem involves a set of intersections and traffic lights with the objective of reducing overall congestion over an area covering multiple urban blocks. Control strategies employed for TLC problems are generally classified into two categories: fixed-cycle strategies and traffic responsive strategies. Fixed-cycle strategies are derived off-line based on historical demand and turning rate data for each stream; traffic-responsive strategies make use of real-time measurements to calculate and adjust in real-time the best signal settings [2]. The first one is widely used in our present urban traffic systems due to its easy implementation and low cost. The second one controls intersections based on inputs detected by physical sensors such as loop detectors or cameras. Its examples are SCOOT [3] and SCATS [1]. They apply real-time traffic data and determine the cycle time to achieve the optimal performance of traffic signal control The IEEE 802.15.4 standard defines the Physical and MAC layers for LR-WPANs. The Physical layer is responsible for characterizing the Physical attributes and behaviors of LRWPAN nodes. This includes turning hardware operation states, selecting RF channel, estimating the RF link quality (LQI), receiver energy detection, and clear channel assessment (CCA) for CSMA/CA operation in MAC layer. The RF communication at the Physical layer is supported in three licence-free ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) frequency bands including 2.4 GHz with 16 channels and a 250 kbps data rate, 902 to 928 MHz with 10 channels and a 40 kbps data rate and, 868 to 870 MHz with 1 channel and a 20 kbps data rate. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard supports a 64-bit long address and a 16-bit short
Keywords: WSN, Zigbee, Traffic light control, fuzzy logic etc..
1. INTRODUCTION Traffic lights at intersections are the main traffic flow control mechanism in urban road networks. Traffic lights were originally installed in order to guarantee the safe crossing of antagonistic streams of vehicles and pedestrians. With steadily increasing traffic demand, it was
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