International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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ANALYTICAL STUDY ON AXIAL COMPRESSIVE PERFORMANCE OF CFST COLUMNS UNDER NON-PRISMATIC CONDITIONS Hafeeda Razan M M1, Lakshmy E G2, Fathima S Thaikudiyil3 1M.Tech Student, Structural Engineering, KMEA Engineering College, Kerala, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, KMEA Engineering College, Kerala, India 3Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, KMEA Engineering College, Kerala, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns are
more material where stresses are higher and reducing it where stresses are lower. This approach can lead to material savings, improved aesthetics and better accommodation of architectural requirements. Tapered CFST columns are a specific type of non-prismatic column where the crosssectional dimensions change gradually along the length, typically narrowing towards the top. This tapering can be symmetrical or asymmetrical in their geometry. The design of tapered columns aims to align the structural capacity with the distribution of internal forces, providing more material where needed and reducing it where possible. The key influencing parameter, taper ratios ranging from 1 to 3 for both single-side and double-side taper play a significant role in the structural response.
composite elements that combine steel and concrete to achieve high strength and load-bearing efficiency. This study was mainly investigated to evaluate the axial loading performance of rectangular tapered CFST columns under Single-Side (SS) and Double- Side (DS) taper conditions with varying taper ratios. Results obtained that higher taper ratios result in higher load capacity but also increases deflections. DoubleSide Tapered columns consistently outperform than SingleSide Tapered columns in both load resistance and controlled deflections due to their symmetric design. Key Words: Rectangular CFST column, Single-side taper, Double-side taper, Taper ratio, Axial loading, Load-bearing capacity, Ansys Workbench, Finite Element Analysis.
2. OBJECTIVES
1. INTRODUCTION
The main objectives of this study are to evaluate the axial loading performance of tapered Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns under various configurations and to study the structural behaviour of tapered rectangular CFST columns under single-side and double-side taper conditions with varying taper ratios.
A Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns are structural elements where a steel tube is filled with concrete, combining the high strength and ductility of steel with the compressive power of concrete. In CFST members, steel confines concrete for strength and ductility, while concrete prevents steel tube buckling, boosting load capacity. This design improves load bearing, stability and fire resistance, making CFST columns ideal for high-rise buildings, bridges and other structures. Non-prismatic CFST columns are CFST columns with varying cross-sectional sizes along their length. While tapered CFST columns are a type of nonprismatic CFST columns with a gradually changing cross section, typically wider at the base. In this study, tapered CFST columns were developed with various configurations, including Single-Side (SS) and Double-Side (DS) taper conditions, incorporating different taper ratios subjected to axial loading. This investigation is important as it aims to enhance the structural efficiency and overall performance of CFST columns, offering potential improvements in material optimization, load-carrying capacity and durability for advanced construction applications.
3. FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING 3.1 General To investigate structural behavior of tapered rectangular Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns with single-side and double-side tapering conditions with varying taper ratios, finite element models were developed using Ansys Workbench 2024 R2.
3.2 Geometry The geometry of 0° SS and DS taper rectangular CFST column was created using ANSYS Design Modeler. A total of six CFST column models were developed using nonlinear static analysis includes 0° single-side and double-side prismatic CFST with taper ratio 1:1 (160 mm X 160 mm), 0° single-side and double-side taper rectangular CFST column with taper ratio 1:2 (160 mm X 320 mm) and 0° single-side and doubleside taper rectangular CFST column with taper ratio 1:3 (160 mm X 480 mm). Each model had a height of 1386 mm and
1.1 Non-prismatic CFST Column Non-prismatic CFST columns feature a varying crosssectional area along their length. The design of nonprismatic columns allows for material optimization, placing
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