International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Modeling and Simulation of PV array in Matlab/Simulink for comparison of perturb and observe & incremental conductance algorithms using buck converter Sandeep Neupane1, Ajay Kumar2 M.Tech Scholar (Power electronics and drives), Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, India 2 Asst. Prof., EEE Department, SITE, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------** *--------------------------------------------------------------------1
Abstract - This paper defines modeling of solar PV array
based on single diode PV cell equations in MATLAB/SIMULINK in order to compare MPPT tracking techniques using perturb and observe and incremental conductance algorithms making use of a buck converter. A PV array is modeled based on the electrical characteristics of PV module LG300N1C-G3. MPPT tracking techniques based on perturb and observe and incremental conductance algorithms are modeled in Simulink. A buck converter topology is used in Simulink for the comparison of maximum power point tracking. The simulation results show that tracking method using incremental conductance algorithm is better than that of perturb and observe algorithm. Keywords: Photovoltaic, PV module, PV array, MPPT, P&O, INC, buck converter, MATLAB, SIMULINK.
1. INTRODUCTION Photovoltaic cell is a device based on a semiconductor material that converts energy of sunlight into electrical energy. Due to its low power, it is necessary to combine multiple cells into series or into parallel, forming a photovoltaic module and modules are further connected in series or into parallel with the required values of current and voltage to form a photovoltaic array. Output parameters of cells are most affected by environmental conditions, especially by solar irradiation and also by temperature at the input modules. Therefore, modeling this device necessarily requires ambient temperature and solar radiation as input variables. The output of the model can be voltage, current or power of the module. Any changes in the input variables are reflected by changes on the output. The common approach is to utilize the electrical equivalent circuit, which is primarily based on a light generated current source connected in parallel to a p-n junction diode. Many models have been proposed for the simulation of a solar cell or for a complete photovoltaic (PV) system at various solar intensities and temperature conditions [1-4]. The power conversion efficiency of solar module is very low. To increase efficiency of solar module proper impedance Š 2017, IRJET
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matching is required to increase efficiency of solar module. Different type of MPPT method has been developed by researcher in recent year. Every method has its advantage and disadvantage. MPPT algorithms vary due to simplicity, efficiency, tracking speed, sensor required and cost. The V-I characteristics of the solar module is nonlinear and extremely affected by the solar irradiation and temperature. To maximize the output power of solar module, it has to be operated at fixed value of load resistance. This requires a separate power converter circuit for the MPPT. MPPT is an essential component of a photovoltaic system, extensive research has been exposed in recent years and many new techniques have been reported in this field [5]. MPPT techniques are generally incorporated in an electric power conversion system that provides a current or voltage conversion, filtering and regulations for the conduct of a variety of loads with electrical grids, batteries and motors. Several methods to track the maximum power point of a PV module have been suggested and products using these methods have been now made commercially available for consumers [6]. From Figure 1, it is clear that there is only one point where the solar photovoltaic has a maximum power.
Figure 1: MPP from IV and PV characteristics of PV system
2. MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF PV CELL The most common and simplest approach to model a PV cell is using the single diode equivalent circuit as shown in Figure 2. The equivalent circuit of an ideal PV cell consists of a current source and a diode connected in anti-parallel with it. A general model of the solar cell is the combination of ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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