International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Review on Effect of Process Parameters - Friction Stir Welding Process S. Boopathi 1, Kumaresan A2, Manohar N3, Krishna Moorthi R4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannariamman Institute of Technology, Sathyamanagalam -638 401. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------1,2,3,4,
Abstract - The friction stir welding (FSW) process is a
2. Historical Development of Friction Stir Welding
recent solid-state joining process to produce the permanent joint of two dissimilar metals. In this paper, the study of experimental the effects of tool rotation speed and welding speed on the tensile strength, Microstructure, Micro hardness properties during friction stir welding process. From the literature, it is understood that tool rotation speed and welding speed play an important role on the mechanical properties and weld quality. Important results reported by various authors are critically reviewed.
The friction stir welding (FSW) process was invented in 1991 by The Welding Institute (TWI) at Cambridge, in United Kingdom. It was further developed and was got patented by the Welding Institute. The first built and commercially available friction stir welding machines were produced by ESAB1 Welding and Cutting Products at their equipment manufacturing plant in Laxa, Sweden. The development of this process was a significant change from the conventional rotary motion and linear reciprocating friction welding processes. It provided a great deal of flexibility within the friction welding process group [1].
Key Words: Friction Stir Welding, mechanical properties, weld quality, tool rotation speed, axial force and welding speed.
Since 1995 in Europe, Friction Stir Welding has been used in production applications. The first applications involved welding of extrusions to form paneling for marine applications. Since then, the process has been commercialized in many other applications, including rail car, automotive, aerospace, heavy truck, medical applications, etc. Today, the process is being transitioned into fabrication of complex assemblies, yielding significant quality and cost improvements. As the process is maturing, designers are taking advantage of the process, by designing the product specifically for the FSW process. The Friction Stir Welding is apparently quite new welding process as shown in Figure 1 and is a good process for particularly welding aluminum parts. The conventional rotary friction welding process requires at least one of the parts being joined to be rotated and has the practical limitation of joining regular shaped components, preferably circular in cross-section and limited in their length. Short tubes or round bars of the same diameter are a good example.
1.INTRODUCTION Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state joining technique invented by The Welding Institute (TWI), Cambridge, UK, in 1991. The FSW process uses a, non-consumable cylindrical tool consisting of a shoulder, and a smaller diameter profiled pin, protruding from the tool shoulder. The rotating tool is slowly plunged into rigidly clamped work pieces. The shoulder makes intimate contact with the work piece surfaces. The pin is completely embedded within the through-thickness of the work pieces. However, it does not touch the bottom of the work pieces [1, 2]. It is observed from literature that friction stir welding is more advantageous such as good weld appearance, improve strength, ductility, resistance to corrosion, fine grain structure and welded surface as compare to other welding techniques. FSW machine consist of non-consumable rotating tool with probe or pin which is forced down into the joint line where the frictional heating is sufficient to raise the temperature of the material to the range where it is plastically deformed. Tool rotational speed, welding speed and tilt angle are the important influencing process parameters on tensile strength and hardness. The traversing force and side force are not considered as process parameters and only used for monitoring the process. Friction stir welding parameters have been selected based on acceptable mechanical, micro structural, fatigue and corrosion properties requirement to obtain efficient, defect free friction stir welded joints.
Figure 1: Mechanism of Friction Stir Welding
Š 2017, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 5.181
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 272