International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Load Frequency Control of Single Area Power System Using JAYA Algorithm Vikas Singh1, Alok Kumar Singh2, Vibhor Chauhan3, Dr. Alok Kumar Bharadwaj4 1M.Tech.
Scholar, Jaipur Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan Professor, Jaipur Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan 4 Professor, Bengal College of Engineering and Technology, Durgapur ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2,3 Associate
Abstract - The constant frequency with reliability of power
initiates an action to remove the error between output and reference point, consequently and swiftly, to keep the error trivial within endurable limit. It is an encapsulate unit of proportional, integral and derivative control mode. As it has non-complex structure while it is delivering robust performance is the major reason that it why it is widely used in global applications. The PID controller constraints are set such that closed loop system performance encounters the required specifications and over an extensive range of change input or change in system parameters due to stray effects gives the stout performance and keep the output within required perimeter. Practically, it is almost impossible to have such controller which offers the output with required level and shape of waveform under every internal or external disorder.
is a frame set to drive the enormous industrial and other loads in the power systems of modern time. As per unremitting development of size and complexity of electrical power system with growing interconnections, the problem to maintain the power and frequency free from oscillations has become increasingly severe because of irregular load variations. These undetermined load fluctuations result in mismatch of generated power and load demand for consumption, which finally distresses the quality and reliability of electric power supply. This can be achieved by the load frequency control (LFC) methods. Now a days lot of work is going on to make the systems intelligent so the systems can smartly serve for the betterment of mankind. Even the power sector is also being benefitted by that which is being done by the help of soft computing techniques. This study is an effort in the same direction in which we implemented the JAYA algorithm along with PID controllers to improve the frequency response of single area power system.
1.2 Parameters of PID Controllers The designing of PID controller actually deals with the scheming of its parameters; i.e. the proportional, integral & derivative coefficient. The process control industries are mostly backing by the PID controller usage in its control strategies.
Key Words: frequency control, PID controller, transients, controller parameters, JAYA technique
1. INTRODUCTION The LFC has crucial role in large size electric power systems with complex interconnections between the areas it has. The main goal of operation of the LFC is to sustain the frequency within the limits of every area in the power system and to keep tie-line power flows within some given or decided limit which is achieved by amending the wattage outputs of the generating alternators to match the inconsistent load demands. In the past few years enormous improvement has been made in the area of load frequency control in interconnected system of power transfer. Designing the LFC with the help of PID controllers makes it prominent and trustworthy, but the main challenge is to decide the parameters of PID controllers.
Fig -1: PID controller in closed loop system Let, Kprop = Proportional Gain Kinti = Integral Gain Kderiv = Derivative Gain Then the output of proportional, integral and derivative control mode is given by (Kprop X Error), (Kinti X âˆŤError.dt) and (Kderiv X d/dt(Error))respectively. It shows that the magnitude of action of proportional controller is depends on recent error, the reaction of the integral constant depends on the sum of recent errors, and the reaction of derivative constant is based on the rate at which the errors have been
1.1 PID CONTROLLERS It is well known fact that a proportional integral derivative controller (PID controller) is a standard close loop controller without which the process control in the industries will become a hard nut to crack. A PID controller basically
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