International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Comparative Free Vibrational Analysis of Composite and Steel Leaf Spring. Shital B.Patil 1, Prof.M.A.Mohite2 PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering (Mechanical Design- II), Sinhgad Institute of Technology, Lonavala, Maharashtra-India. 2 Asst. Prof. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sinhgad Institute of Technology, Lonavala, Maharashtra-India. -----------------------------------------------------------------------***-----------------------------------------------------------------1
vibrations and high damping factor, lower maintenance and tooling cost which have favorable impact on manufacturing cost. As mentioned above, one of the most important characteristics of composite leaf spring is their weight, along with that it has high strength to weight ratio( up to 5 times of steel),no interleaf friction, better fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, higher natural frequency. In order to sustain in today’s competition in composite, it is essential to control their failure by utilizing their strength in principal direction instead of shear direction. It has been proved that composite leaf spring in an elliptical configuration will eliminate the delamination and matrix quantity which helps to dominate failures. Low density and high elastic strain of Kevlar, S-glass material if provide them with specific strain energy which gives more compliant suspension system that offers more comfortable ride and minimizes damage to road track.
Abstract:
The paper deals with behavior composite leaf spring made up of Kevlar for free vibration. The experimental modal analysis is used for investigation. Free vibration method have been applied for measurement of natural frequency and mode shape. A standard steel leaf spring is taken as reference. The composite design is calculated via classical lamination theory and manufacturing was done by using machine lay-up and autoclave. An important aspect for spring is the behavior of spring at different loading conditions. At last numerical analysis of both spring can be done by using ANSYS version 2016 and compared it with experimentation results.
Key words: Kevlar, Natural frequency, Mode shape, Classical lamination theory, Machine lay-up.
INTRODUCTION
Table No.1.Properties of steel springs
Springs are structural components designed for significant deformation when loaded. The spring are generally designed to absorb and store energy and release it slowly during unloading. Function of spring for an automobile is to maintain good controlled stability and improved ride comfort. Therefore, strain energy of material and shape becomes major factor in designing the springs. Key design parameters of spring such as spring rate and failure loads are the function of spring thickness. Springs is reliable and persistent element in automobile which are generally formed by stacking of leaves of steels so that it is thicker at middle portion in order to resist bending and thinner at end to mount on body. It is subjected to tangential load, shear forces and bending forces. Automotive industries looks for improvement in the field of vehicle suspension by the enrollment of composite leaf spring due to least mass, capable of resisting corrosion and having better durability. Therefore industries shown increased interest in replacement of steel spring with composite leaf spring especially of fibers. In order to meet needs of natural resources and energy conservation, automobile manufactures tries to reduce the weight of vehicles. Composite materials has been developed for many applications mainly due to substantial weight saving other advantage are possibility of reducing noise,
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Parameters Material Tensile strength Yield strength Young’s Modulus Spring weight Total length Poisons ratio
Specifications Steel (55Si2Mn90) 1962 MPa 1470 MPa 210000 MPa 18 kg 1170 mm 0.3
Table No.2 Properties of composite Parameters Material Density Tensile modulus Shear modulus Tensile Strength Shear Strength Thermal Expansion Spring weight Total length
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Specification Kevlar-S glass 1400 Kg/m3 73000 MPa 2300 MPa 1600 MPa 34 MPa -4*10-6µm/ºC 7 kg 1170 mm
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