International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Experimental Analysis of Fuel Produced from Automotive Waste Lube Oil Chetan M. Ahire1, Dr. S. M. Lawankar2 1P.G.
Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Govt College of Engineering, Amravati, Maharashtra, India Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Govt College of Engineering, Amravati, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------protecting environment from toxic and hazardous chemicals. Abstract - In this study, an experimental investigation was 2Asst.
carried out to determine the effects of blends of pyrolysis fuel with diesel with ratios of 10%, 20%, 30% and 50% on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. As microwave heated pyrolysis has recently shown promise as a route for the treatment and recycling of the waste automotive oil. In this process, waste oil is mixed with a highly microwave-absorbent material such as carbon rod; as a result of microwave heating the oil is thermally cracked in the absence of oxygen into shorter hydrocarbon chains. The oil obtained by pyrolysis of automotive waste oil can be used as an alternate fuel for diesel engine without making any modification to the engine. Properties of the pure pyrolysed fuel were checked. A series of engine performance and emission tests were conducted using the blends of fuel samples in the test engine. Effects of the fuels on the performance parameters, and emissions of NOx, CO, CO2, and HC were discussed. The results indicated that brake thermal efficiency decrease due to increase in brake specific fuel consumption with increasing amount of blends with diesel. The main effect of 10%, 20%, 30% and 50% blends of pyrolysed fuel additions to diesel on pollutant formation was that the NOx ratio increased with increase in load, whereas that of CO also increased due to insufficient oxygen in the engine cylinder. Keywords: Waste automotive oil(WAO), Pyrolysis, Microwave Pyrolysis, Diesel engine, Brake thermal efficiency.
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Automotive Waste Oil Nowadays, we find increasing demand for lube oil use, which results in more waste lube oils. Waste lubricant oils are important alternative fuel sources proved to be the best substitutes for existing petro fuels, since waste generated oils represent more than 60% of used lubricant oils. Since the energy resources related to fossil fuels diminish and are limited, the research focuses on ďŹ nding alternative energy resources and utilizing them. The recycling of the automotive waste oils and lubricants is an alternative for energy resources. The high-volume waste oils can be turned into valuable fuel products by refining and treating processes. Converting of the waste oils into diesel and gasoline-like fuels to be used in engines without disposing is very important. Consumption of the diesel like fuel and gasoline like fuels prepared from the waste automotive lube oils, and blending of the produced fuels with gasoline or turpentine decrease consumption of petroleum based fuels,
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It also saves of foreign exchange, reduces greenhouse gas emissions and enhances regional development especially in developing countries [1,2]. 1.2 Pyrolysis
Waste oils can be reconstructed chemically by being heated in an oxygen-free environment. This process is called pyrolysis, which is defined as chemical decomposition by the action of heat and refers usually to chemical decomposition of organic materials heated in an environment of insufficient oxygen for combustion. Pyrolysis process has certain advantages over other treatment methods of waste disposal. The most important advantage of this method is that it does not pollute the environment when carried out in an appropriate way, because pyrolysis products such as gases, liquid oils and carbonaceous residue can be used as fuels.
2. EXTRACTION OF PYROLYSIS OIL BY USING MICROWAVE Pyrolysis using microwave heating is a relatively new process in which the, waste hydrocarbons are mixed with a highly microwave-absorbent material such as carbon rod; as a result of microwave heating, they are then thermally cracked in the absence of oxygen into smaller hydrocarbon chains. The resulting gaseous products are subsequently condensed into liquid oils of different compositions depending on the features of the input substances and reaction conditions. The use of microwave radiation as a heat source is known to offer additional advantages over traditional thermal heat sources and the combination of carbon-based material and the novel use of microwave heating in pyrolysis processes are of increasing interest as reflected by considerable recent research. Microwave systems show a distinct advantage in providing a rapid, energy efficient, and targeted heating process compared to conventional technologies, thus facilitating increased production rates and decreased production costs. Moreover, thermal energy is targeted only to microwave receptive materials and not to gases within the heating chamber or to the chamber itself. It can promote certain chemical reactions by selectively heating the reactants, leading to a more uniform temperature profile and improved yield of desirable products.
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