International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June-2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Generator Powered by Wood gas – An Alternative Approach Siddharth R1, Jishnu H2, Abhish Johnson3, Ramesh Krishnan G4, Nithin Prasad5, Adarsh Ramachandran6 B Tech Students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sree Narayana Institute of Technology, Adoor, Kerala, India 5 M Tech Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sree Narayana Institute of Technology, Adoor, Kerala, India 6 Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sree Narayana Institute of Technology, Adoor, Kerala, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------1,2,3,4
Abstract - In today’s world, pollution is a major growing
Gasification is a type of physiochemical process too as chemical transformations also occur. By approximation, wood gas contains almost 20% hydrogen (H), 20% carbon monoxide (CO) and minor methane content along with 50 to 60% nitrogen (N). The nitrogen is not at all combustible however as the wood gas burns, it does occupy volume and dilutes the wood gas as it enters and burns in an engine. The combustion products are generally carbon dioxide (CO2) as well as water vapor (H2O).These gases are the filtered and passed through the engine/generator which will power it.
concern. As the usage of automobiles rises, pollution due to fossil fuels also rises and lead to crisis all over the world. So it is imperative that we device new technologies for substituting with conventional fossil fuels .One way of overcoming this problem is the usage of renewable energy resources instead of fossil fuels . This is difficult to implement because of the huge dependence of fossil fuel powered machines in everyday life , and it’s not easy to replace them and find something that does the job just as well .Process of conversion of solid energy(biomass) into vapour form is termed as Wood gasification. This can be used to replace gasoline. This also finds use in providing electricity in remote areas where power lines are absent. Wood fuels will remain the main source of energy for most developing countries for the coming decade. Furthermore, considering the environmental concern raised by CO2 which emits from the combustion of fossil fuels, forest biomass needs to play a major role in reducing the greenhouse effect and acid rain for developed countries like India.
2. BIOMASS
Key Words: Fossil fuels, Wood gasification, Biomass, Gasoline, Greenhouse effect.
Biomass is an organic matter obtained from living or recently living organisms. This also refers to plants and based materials which are not used as food. Due to this fact, they can be simply used as an energy source. Biomass can be used for direct combustion to produce heat or it can be indirectly done after converting it into various biofuel forms. By adopting different methods like the thermal, chemical as well as biochemical biomass to biofuel conversion can be achieved.
1. INTRODUCTION
2.1 Biomass Sources
According to history, humans started using biomass derived energy from the historical time itself when they burns wood to make fire. Even in this modern world, biomass is a fuel source that can be used for domestic purposes in many countries. This is a biologically produced matter based on carbon and hydrogen along with oxygen contents. The biomass production is estimated to be almost 104.9 pentagrams per year in the world where half is produced from the ocean and the other half from the land. Woods are the largest energy source based on biomass nowadays. This energy from woods is derived using lignocellulosic biomass to use as fuel. Harvested wood can be used as a direct fuel or it can be collected from wood waste streams in form of pellet fuel or by other fuel forms. The largest energy source is the pulping liquor, which a waste matter is obtained during pulp processing in paperboard industry. In another sense, biomass consists of plants as well as animal content that can be converted effectively as fibers
All internal combustion engines run on vapor and not on liquid. The liquid fuels used by petrol engines got vaporize before they enter above the pistons in the combustion chamber. In case of diesel engines, fine droplets of the fuel is sprayed which will burn as they vaporize. The gasifier is used to convert solid fuels into gaseous ones and to make the gas free of hazardous constituents, a gas generator act as an energy converter and a filter. Gasification is done because of the insufficient amounts of oxygen which causes unable to burn completely. Several solid biomass fuels were obtained from wood, paper, lignite, as well as coke derived from coal are suitable for gasification. Above mentioned fuels composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen along with impurities like sulphur, ash and moisture. The sole aim of gasification is the transformation of these constituents into gaseous form with the remaining ashes and inert materials.
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