International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Design and Analysis of Frame of an All-Terrain Vehicle Dr. V.K. Saini1, Dushyant Tomer2 and Kshitij Kulshrestha3 1Head
of Department, Mechanical Engineering, IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad, India. Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2,3UG
Abstract- This study deals with the design and analysis of
In AISI grade several material are available and most popular are AISI 1018 [2] and AISI 4130. The following is the comparison of the two material selected.
frame of an All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV). An ATV is a vehicle that is able to run and perform efficiently on different terrains like rocky, muddy, lose gravel, etc. The development of the frame for an ATV requires several steps that are Material Selection, Cross-section Selection, and Frame design parameters, Analysis Parameters, Iterations, Analysis and Simulation. The above said steps are crucial for a frame to be rigid and optimum to provide maximum safety to the driver of the vehicle along with better performance on-road. In this study the steps are carefully followed and thus an attempt is made to make a frame fit to be manufactured and development of a vehicle that could perform on rough terrains.
Table 1: Material Comparison
Key Words: Roll Cage, Material Selection, ATV, Frame Design, Terrains, Analysis.
Property
AISI 1018
AISI 4130
C%
0.18
0.286
Yield strength (σy)
365 MPa
496 MPa
Ultimate Strength
440 MPa
620.02 MPa
%age Elongation
29
30
Density
7.9 g/cm3
7.8 g/cm3
1.INTRODUCTION As the yield strength of the AISI 4130 is much higher than the AISI 1018 and also the density of AISI 4130 is less than AISI 1018 therefore the material chosen is AISI 4130 for better safety and less weighted frame so the total vehicle weight is reduced.
An All-Terrain Vehicle as the name suggest is a type of vehicle that is able to run and perform on different terrains. As this type of vehicle is often challenged with off-roads, the force and stress acting on it are very critical and thus puts the driver in danger. As frame is the main supporting structure of a motor vehicle to which all other components are attached is one of the main subsystem and is directly responsible for driver’s safety as well as performance parameters, thus proper study and analysis is required to be done before manufacturing the frame[2]. In this study an effort is put to design and analyse the frame so that when the vehicle is put to real life condition it performs to its optimum.
For the cross-section selection the market availability is important criteria if we want to make this frame feasible for manufacturing. The following table depicts the crosssections of the circular tube selected. Table 2: Cross-section Selected
Frame of the vehicle can be of different type like backbone frame, ladder frame, monocoque, tubular space frame, etc. [3]. Out of all these tubular space frame is most suitable for an ATV as it provides good safety along with light weightiness, torsional rigidity, and optimum strength. Furthermore the tubular space frame is considered to be the best in terms of all directional safety and impact conditions.
Outer Dia. (mm)
25.4
Thickness (mm)
3
Moment of Inertia (mm4)
13478.63
Moment of Inertia (I) is calculated by using equation no. (1)
2.MATERIAL AND CROSS-SECTION SELECTION
I = (π/64)*(O.D.4 - I.D.4)
The widely available AISI grade is considered for the frame design due to its high carbon percentage as well as high yield strength so that it would be cost effective as well as easily available.
Furthermore the Bending stiffness and Bending Strength is also calculated by using equation no. (2) and (3)
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Impact Factor value: 5.181
(1)
Bending Strength = σy*I/C Bending Stiffness = E*I
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(2) (3)
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