International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 04 | Apr -2017
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Review Study on uses of steel in construction Vishnu Sharma1, Raj Kumar2, Hemant Singh3, Waseem Ahmad4, Yogendra Pratap5 1234UG
Student, Department of Civil Engineering, MIT Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, MIT Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------- -------------------------------------------------5Asst.
Abstract - This paper reviews the uses of steel in Civil Engineering field. It comprises the important findings from the experimental works of many researchers. Due to over dependence on concrete is becoming an imminence and therefore it is necessary to look for the possibility of steel structure. Peoples in country like India it has been a mindset that only R.C.C building is long life, durable and withstand any forces. Steel structure is used on large area in industries but today there is a need to make it possible in residential also. Use of concrete on large scale result in destruction of natural resources on large level by mining, blasting, crushing. Steel structure provides a better replacement. It construction is light in weight and rapid. Steel is totally biodegradable and recyclable product. Key Words: Steel structure, Concrete, Temperature resistant, Construction, 1. INTRODUCTION Steel is an alloy of Iron and Carbon. Off all the structural building material in use today steel is the most universally useful and versatile material for engineering construction. Steel is known to have given a structure that no other can when it comes to construction. The durability and potency that steel provides is not matched by wood or concrete. Steel structure is an assemblage of a group members expected to sustain. Steel is highly elastic, ductile, malleable and weld able. Steel has high tensile and compressive strength and also stands wear and tear much better. The most important feature of steel used in construction in large scale is its flexibility that it can bend without cracking. Steel structure are particularly good at providing an energy dissipation capability. Steel is a material which has high strength per unit mass. Function of all the structure is that it with stand stressed due to load that is wind, earthquake, without failure or undue distress such as excessive deflection. Understanding of seismicity and Seismotectonics of areas is essential. Steel is one of the most widely used material for building construction in the world .The inherent strength, toughness and high ductility of steel are characteristics that are ideal for seismic design. To utilize these advantages for seismic applications, the design engineer has to be familiar with the relevant steel design provisions and their intent given in codes. As we all know now days the construction sector is exploring rapidly on a large scale and also involves new © 2017, IRJET
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techniques for rapid and comfort works on the field. Concrete which is the main building material plays an important role in this sector. Natural resources are main ingredient of concrete which are expensive as well as on the verge of extent. So it is very important to find an alternative option. Steel can be use as an alternative by replacing concrete. Quarrying of aggregates leads to disturbed surface area decrease in water level, wastage of water also. Most common types of steel used in construction are, Plain Carbon Steel or Mild Steel, Rebar Steel, Structural Steel. Structural steel shapes are made out of this kind of steel, which is formed out of a precise cross section, at the same time it follows definite standards for mechanical properties and chemical composition. Structural steel comes in various shapes like I-Beam, Z shape, HSS shape, L shape (angle), structural channel (C-beam, cross section), T shaped, Rail profile, bar, rod, plate, open joist of web steel etc. Standard structural steel varies in different countries with different specifications. Structural steel is fire resistant in itself but fire protection should be provided in case there is a possibility of it getting heated up to a point where it starts to lose its strength. Corrosion must be prevented when it comes to structural steel, but tall buildings are known to have withstood various kinds of calamities when built using structural steel. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW Many authors have reported the use of steel in various civil engineering applications. Christopoulus et al. (2008) An advanced cross bracing system has been used in University of Toronto called (SCEDs) Self centering energy dissipating frames. Alike, Special moment resisting frames and Buckling reinforced braced frames, they also dissipate energy, but they have selfcentering capabilities which reduce residual building deformation after major seismic events. C.Y. Ho and G.G. Schierele (1990) Published a journal paper Effect of configuration and lateral drift on Highrise space frames. Excessive lateral drift in high-rise frames can damage secondary systems, such as partitions walls; generate secondary column stress due to P-δ moments; and cause discomfort to building occupants under prolonged cyclical drift. Damage to secondary system can be controlled by reducing drift. The P-δ effect is most severe in moment resisting frames; ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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