International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017
www.irjet.net
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Experimental investigations on performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine using bio-diesel as an alternative fuel Syed Azam Pasha Quadri1, Sarap Raghavendra2, Shamsad Alam3, Faraaz Masiuddin Siddiqui4 1Professor
and H.O.D of Mechanical Engineering Department, Lords Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad 2Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering Department, Lords Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad 3,4Students of Mechanical Engineering Department, Lords Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------success and offered the potential for remote colonies to Abstract be self-sufficient in fuel. Knothe (2005 b), Quick (1980 a), and others report that in a1912 Rudolf Diesel, in one In India petro-diesel is a crucial fuel to drive many sectors such of his speech said “The use of vegetable oils for engine as Transportation, Agriculture, Power generation etc. Ever fuels may seem insignificant today, but such oils may since the invention of IC Engine in particular CI Engine many become, in the course of time, as important as improvements have taken place in engine design by varying both designs and operating parameters. This scarcity of petroleum and the coal-tar products of the present conventional fuels and their pollutants generated by time.” From the data available on his work on vegetable combustion have become serious concern about the alternate oils it is difficult to determine what extent Diesel fuels. From the previous researchers it is learnt that the solo believed that his engines could be run by vegetable oil. bio-diesels have given fruitful results which are closure to In 1912, the thought of using 33 billion gallons (125 conventional fuels such as diesel. In this work the composites billion litres) of diesel annually in the United States blends are used by considering the properties of Bio-diesel would have been staggering. It would have been jatropha and animal Tallow. The experimental investigation impossible for Rudolph Diesel to foresee the massive are carried out on a single cylinder 4-strokes CI diesel Engine, usage of diesel and other fossil fuels as we know it is water cooled, Coupled with loading device of eddy current dynamometer. From the experiments conducted, both today. It was known from Diesel’s time that biodiesels and their blend are similar to that of diesel in terms of performance without any modifications of engine. The highest Mechanical efficiency is for diesel is 72.3% at full load condition at injection pressure of 180bar. The maximum heat input is 15.42% for animal tallow biodiesel at full load condition of 180bar. The emission of CO and HC of Biodiesels and their blends is less than diesel. But the NOx emission of biodiesel and their blends are high when compared with diesel, this is due to the large amount of inherent oxygen in biodiesel.
vegetable oil in the raw form was sufficient to start and Power a diesel engine. Since then, we have learned that raw oils cause engine deterioration when the use is continued for an extended period of time and that better success is observed when the oils are first converted to methyl or ethyl esters, which have come to be known as biodiesel.
The first step towards vegetable oil fuels was made in the late 1970s during the OPEC oil embargo. This conference documented the studies of the late 1970s was held in August 1982, held by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. The conference was held in Fargo, North Dakota, and was entitled simply “Vegetable Oil Fuels”. Contributions were made by leading researchers from around the world. The majority of the papers dealt with the potential of raw oils as fuel, several papers discussed the production of esters and the use of the esters as engine fuels that showed more promise than did the raw oils. The transesterification process is well known and useful for purposes other than diesel fuel well before the time of this 1982 conference. What was occurring in 1982 was an adaptation of the transesterification process to
Keywords Biodiesel; Performance; Combustion; Jatropha; Animal Tallow; Dual fuel.
Emissions;
1. Introduction In one of the most historical controversies on biodiesel, some of the researchers claim that Rudolph Diesel fuelled one of his early engines with peanut oil at the Paris Exhibition in 1900. In 2005 b Knothe, prepared a comprehensive review of the literature available from the Diesel era. His work concluded that Diesel did not actually use peanut oil himself but was describing a test conducted by another company. In any case, the vegetable Oil experiment was considered to be a © 2017, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 5.181
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 410