International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
ANALYSIS OF PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG CARANGOIDES SPECIES USING MEGA 6 NIVETHA SARAH EBENEZER1, JOYCE PRIYAKUMARI C2* 1Research
Assistant, Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility (BIF), BTIS Net Centre, Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, Tambaram (East), Chennai-600059, Tamil Nadu, India 2Assistant Professor, Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility (BIF), BTIS Net Centre, Department of Zoology, Madras Christian College, Tambaram (East), Chennai-600059, Tamil Nadu, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The Phylogenetic analysis of Cytochrome b,
trevally
mitochondrion (partial) protein sequences of Carangoides species having the length of 380 amino acids was performed using the tool Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (Mega6).The evolutionary relationship among seven species was determined. A Maximum Likelihood tree with the length of the branch along with a traditional straight branch tree was constructed. Multiple sequence alignment for the protein sequences was performed using Clustal Omega and their Percentage Identity Matrix was calculated showing the identity between the species.
5.
Carangoides oblongus
Coach trevally
6.
Carangoides orthogrammus
Island trevally
75cm
7.
Carangoides uii
Japanese trevally
40 cm
Key Words: Phylogenetics, Carangoides, Carangidae, Maximum likelihood tree, Cytochrome B.
Phylogenetic relationships are discovered through the methods of the phylogenetic inference which evaluate heritable traits, such as DNA sequences. The software called Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) is developed for comparative analysis of protein and nucleotide sequences to infer the molecular evolutionary patterns of genes, genomes, and species over time [2]. This software qualifies the given data and produces a result where the evolutionary relationship among organisms or the history of an individual organism is represented in the form of a tree.
Carangoides is a genus of tropical and subtropical marine fishes in the jack family, Carangidae. They are small to largesized, deep-bodied fish characterized by certain gill raker and jaw morphology, often appearing very similar to jacks in the genus Caranx and are widely distributed in all tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific oceans, mostly occupying coastal areas, including reefs, bay sand estuaries. They are also distributed along Madagascar, East Africa, Red Sea, Taiwan, and Japan. The genus Carangoides was first erected by Pieter Bleeker in 1851 for an unknown taxon and currently containing 21species [1].The carangids are categorized under five main sub groups as black pompfrets, queen fishes, trevallies, scads, and pompanos. Seven species of the Carangidae family have been used for the Phylogenetic analysis:
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Retrieval of protein sequences: The protein Cytochrome B is found in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells which is the main subunit of cytochrome bc1 and bf6 complexes. It functions in cellular respiration involving electron transport chain for the generation of ATP [3].
Table -1: Seven species of Carangoides SCIENTIFIC NAME
COMMON NAME
1.
Carangoides dinema
Shadow trevally
85cm
2.
Carangoides equula
White trevally
37 cm
3.
Carangoides ferdau
Blue trevally
70 cm
4.
Carangoides malabaricus
Malabar
60 cm
Š 2017, IRJET
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Cytochrome B (mitochondrial) protein sequence from all the seven species was retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) in the FASTA format, a format which represents the protein sequence. The length of the sequence of the seven species was 380 amino acids.
SIZE(Length)
fin
Impact Factor value: 5.181
46 cm
These fishes are predatory in nature, consuming a variety of smaller fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods as prey.
1. INTRODUCTION
S.NO
whip
2.2 Multiple Sequence alignment: Multiple sequence alignment for the seven species was performed using online software known as Clustal Omega (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalo/).
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