International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Optimization of Front Axle for Heavy Commercial Vehicle by Analytical and FEA Method Kiran Maddewad1, Trupti Jadhav2, Ajinkya Bhosale3, Swapnil Yemle4, Nilesh Jadhav5 1, 2, 3, 4 U.G. Student
(B.E), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anantrao Pawar College of Engineering & Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India 5Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anantrao Pawar College of Engineering & Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - An axle beam is a central shaft for rotating wheel. Front axle carries the weight of the front part of automobile as well facilitates steering and absorb shock due to road surface variations. So, proper design and optimization of front axle is extremely crucial to improve strength to weight ratio. The paper focuses on design, analysis and optimization of front axle. The approach in this research paper has been divided into two steps. The First step involves design of front axle by Analytical method. For this, the vehicle specification gross weight and payload capacity is used to determine the stress and deflection in the beam. Second step involved further modeling of front axle using CATIA-V5 and ANSYS software. For model optimization, FEA results were compared with analytical design.
must be resistant to tolerate additional stress and loads. The axles must additionally bear the weight of the vehicle plus any cargo. A misaligned front axle may result in improper turning of tires, reduced tire life, difficulty in driving and unsafe vehicle. The present research work deals with design of optimized front axle for heavy commercial vehicles. The cross-section areas and materials in different models are varied by adopting the analytical method. An existing front axle is modified for the given load condition. Further, actual deflection occurring in existing axle is studied and modified front axle with different materials and cross sectional areas is designed accordingly. The main objective of present research is to provide safe working conditions, effective stress concentration, optimum weight and cost reduction for front axle in heavy commercial vehicles.
Key Words: Front axle beam, Analytical Design, Modeling Catia, Analysis and optimization ANSYS.
2. CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION 2.1 Front Axle
Abbreviations: Ymax -Maximum deflection, W-Front axle weight, a-Length (Kingpin center to spring pad center hole), L-Front track, I-Moment of inertia, Ďƒ-Principle stress.
The front axle is designed to transmit the weight of automobile from the leaf springs to front wheels, turning right or left as required. To prevent interference due to front engine location, and for providing greater stability and safety at high speeds by lowering the center of gravity of the road vehicles, the entire center portion of the axle is dropped.
1. INTRODUCTION The Automotive industry is one of the fastest growing sectors not only in India but all over the world. This industry includes automobiles, auto component sectors, commercial vehicles, multi -utility vehicles, passenger cars, two-wheelers and auto related parts. The front axle beam is one of the main parts of vehicle suspension system as it houses the steering assembly as well. Nearly 30 to 40% of the total vehicle weight is taken up by front axle. The front axle experiences load conditions such as static and dynamic loads due to irregularities of road, mostly during its travel on and off road. Front axles are subjected to both bending and shear stresses. In the static condition, the axle might be considered as beam supported vertically upward at the ends. Under the dynamic conditions, vertical bending moment is increased due to road roughness. Therefore axle
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Impact Factor value: 5.181
Fig 1: Front axle Beam Front axle includes the axle-beam, stub-axles with swivel pin brake assemblies, track rod and stub-axle arm as shown in Figure-1.
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