International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 3 | Mar -2017
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e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Comparative study of waste water treatment by plants and algae Karan Bhandari1, Samruddhi Jagtap 1,2.3Department
of Environment Engineering, K.I.T’s College of engineering, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
Abstract : With the increase in the number of the sugar mills it has resulted in bulk generation of high strength waste water. The sugar mill waste water has a relatively clear appearance. However after stagnation even for some time, the waste water turns black and starts emitting foul odor. Discharge of untreated waste water can result in depletion of the dissolved oxygen of the water body hence making it unfit for fish and other aquatic species. The aim of this paper is to seek and imply an efficient and cost effective waste water treatment for the high strength sugar mill effluent. A pilot scale algal pond, with volume of 16 litres , 25 cm in depth along with some aquatic plant species like myriophyllum, salvinia and ludwigia were taken for the treatment of sugar mill effluent. The objective of the paper is to carry a comparative study to investigate the enhanced removal efficiency of unconventional plants and algae and as a post treatment. The influent and the effluent were analyzed for pH, TS, BOD 5, COD, TKN and TP after a period of 10 days after the commencement of the experiment. The results showed that ponds with aquatic plants were superior to those with algae. Specifically the system with Salvinia showed the best pollutant removal efficiency for sugar mill waste water as a post treatment
1. Introduction Maharashtra is the largest producer of sugar in India and per capita consumption of sugar in India is approximately 134 Kg per annum. There are about 400 operating sugar mills in states of Uttar Praadesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Sugar Mills consume about 1500-2000 litres of water and generate 1000 litres of waste water for per ton of cane crushed. The effluent mainly consists of floor washing waste water and condensate water. Algal and aquatic ponds are accounted as one of the processes for waste water recovery and recycling. The principle removal mechanisms are based on physical sedimentation and bacterial metabolic activity as in conventional activated sludge process and trickling filters.
2. Methodology As discussed the mentioned plant species and algaes were planted in plastic tubs, each having a volume of 16 litres and depth of 24 cm. Aquatic plants are so chosen which have a tendency to grow superficially in the tub containing waste water from a sugar mill. The detention time provided for each waste water sample is 10 days. At the end of 10 days the treated waste water is tested with various parameters including 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Solids (TS), Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen (TKN) and Total Phosphorus (TP).
3. Plant Species used Salvinia, a genus in the family Salviniaceae, is a floating fern named in honor of Anton Maria Salvini, a 17th-century Italian scientist. Watermoss is a common name for Salvinia.[1] The genus was published in 1754 by Jean-François Séguier, in his description of the plants found round Verona, Plantae Veronenses. Twelve species are recognized, at least three of which (S. molesta, S. herzogii, and S. minima) are believed to be hybrids, in part because their sporangia are found to be empty. Salvinia is related to the other water ferns, including the mosquito fern Azolla. Recent sources include
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