International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Survey On Various Fire Detection Methods Minu Sunny, M.Tech student, Viswajyothi College of Engineering and Technology ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Every year a large number of fires in the
so on. To detect these fires an efficient methodology is needed as early fire detection system.
world burn forest, buildings which causes economic and social impacts. There are different methods for detecting fire using sensors, which are not sufficient to detect fire as early as possible. Hence video based fire detection has importance in security systems. This paper refers the fire detection methods based on the analysis of videos. There is different method which focuses on various properties of fire like, color, shape, movement, spatio-temporal features etc. For real-time identification of fire from videos simple and accurate method is proposed as multiexpert system, which uses color, shape and movement evaluation for detecting fire. The study refers different methods for fire detection and prefers integration of smoke analysis for early identification of fire.
Fire detection is a key point in security systems. As the system performs, it must detect the fire as early as possible. Early detection of fire in a large area is a difficult task. To identify the properties of fire is also one of the important steps. The fire and fire coloured objects are to be distinguished properly. Thus, the identification may face some difficulties like; it is sensitive to the changes in brightness, presence of shadows or to different tonalities of the red. Another important fact is that smoke identification can be included as early warning system. Smoke is an indication of fire and the proper smoke identification can prevent fire. To differentiate smoke from smoke coloured objects (like fog, cloud, etc., ) is a difficult task. In this paper different method for fire identification is studied. Initially the candidate region is to be identified to reduce the computation. From the analysis candidate region identification can be done based on background subtraction. The background subtraction gives a better result for identifying the moving object in the scene. Then the next step is to identify the fire region based on the candidate image block. From different methods studied color analysis gives almost true result for identification of fire region.
Key Words: Fire detection, spatio-temporal, smoke detection, MES, Multiexpert evaluation.
1.INTRODUCTION Since the fire causes serious damages, fire detection has been an important study to protect human life and surroundings. As the economy develops, number of large buildings also increases. If fire happens in these buildings then there will be a bad social impact, major property damage and heavy casualties will be easily caused. So fire should get detected early for extinguish and evaluation. In large buildings, rooms and outdoor places, fire detectors can hardly detect fire characteristic parameters like temperature, vapour and flame in the early time.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY In [1] Paulo Vinicius Koerich Borges, and Ebroul Izquierdo, proposed a new identification metric based on color for fire detection in videos. Also identified important visual features of fire, like boundary roughness and skewness of the fire pixel distribution. The skewness is a very useful descriptor as the frequent occurrence of saturation in the red channel of fire regions is identified (figure 1). For newscast videos, model the probability of occurrence of fire as a function of the position, yielding an efficient performance.
First step to prevent the serious damages from fire is to detect the event properly. Various methods are there to detect fire which uses different properties of fire. An- other difficulty is to properly identify the characteristics of fire. The fires properties like color, shape, temporal energy, spatial characteristics are identified in different methods. The traditional methods use sensors to detect the fire which cannot be used for early detection. So video based or computer vision based methods are more appropriate for analysis. The fire properties can be identified effectively while analyzing videos. One of the most common problems found in the area of video technology for fire detection is that early identification of fire and its properties. The main causes of fire may be burning things, wildfire, and accidents
Š 2017, IRJET
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