International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017
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e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL USING FRUIT EXTRACTS S.Iswariya1,Dr. Mrs. A.Clara Dhanemozhi2,and S.Yugamica3 13M.Phil., 2Assosiate
Professor Department of Physics, Jayaraj Annapackiyam College for Women (Autonomous)Periyakulam - 625 605. Tamilnadu,India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract
In this report we present a general approach for the preparation of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell(DSSC) using fruit extract. DSSC’s show the most promising future due to their independence, environmental friendly, low maintenance, and low cost. The TiO2 nanopowder were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method. By using simple method, dyes were prepared from Basella Alba (Malabar Spinach), Scutia Myrtina (Cat Thorn) and Opuntia (Prickly Pear). Then the electrodes were prepared by using FTO and TiO 2 nanoparticles and it is coated to form anode electrode. The cathode electrode was prepared by coating graphite in FTO glass plate. Structural and optical properties of the TiO2 were characterized by Xray diffractometer and UV-VIS spectrophotometer respectively. The XRD result exhibit the structure of anatase phase of TiO2 and UV exhibit TiO2 which was in conformity with its wide band gap nature.TiO2 was subjected or treated to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).From JV characterization, the DSSC properties such as conversion efficiency, short current density, open circuit voltage, and fill factor were measured. In this work three natural dyes were selected and based on that, DSSC were fabricated and the efficiencies were calculated. Keywords: Dye sensitized solar cell, TiO2 nanomaterial, Basella Alba, Scutia Myrtina and Opuntia.
1.INTRODUCTION A solar cell, which also known as photovoltaic cell is one of the promising options of renewable energy. A solar cell is a photonic device that converts photons with specific wavelengths to electricity. Solar cell is divided into two groups which are the crystalline silicon and thin film. The first and second generation of photovoltaic cells are mainly constructed from semiconductors including crystalline silicon, III-V compounds, cadmium telluride and copper indium selenide/sulfide [1]. Th. dye-sensitized solar cells
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(DSSC) which belong to the thin film group, emerged as a new class of low cost energy conversion devices with simple manufacturing procedures. Incorporation of dye molecules in some wide bandgap semiconductor electrodes was a key factor in developing electrochemical solar cells. Since the low cost solar cells have been the subject of intensive research work for the last three decades [2], Michael Gratzel and coworkers at the EcolePolytechniqueFederale de Lausene [3] succeeded to produce “Gratzel Cell” or which known as dyesensitized solar cells that imitate the photosynthesis process by sensitizing a nanocrystalline TiO2 film using novel Rubipyridl complex [4]. Therefore, the dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) (Fig. 1(a)) have been intensively studied as a new type of solar cells which composed of nanocrystalline porous semiconductor electrode which absorbed dye, a counter electrode and an electrolyte of iodide-triiodide ions. It is a device for the conversion of visible light into electricity, based on photosensitization produced by the dyes on the wide band-gap mesoporous metal oxide semiconductors. This sensitization is due to the dye absorption of a part of the visible light spectrum. The sensitized dye works by absorbing the sunlight which then convert it into electrical energy. The operation principle of DSSC is displayed in Fig.1(b). It can be divided into following flows [5]: 1) An electron passed through a cycle of excitation; 2) Injection in the TiO2, and the iodine reduction occur at the counter electrode and the electron passing through TiO2 to the electrode; 3) External work of electron; 4) Diffusion in the electrolyte; 5) Regeneration of the oxidized dye.
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