International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017
www.irjet.net
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
A REVIEW PAPER ON DESIGN FOR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA D.Rajeswari1, T.Jayanthy2, D.Kalaiarasi3 Panimalar Institute of Technology Chennai-600123 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT Microstrip patch antenna is mostly used in modern communication devices over conventional antennas mainly because of their size. In this review paper a survey is conducted on commonly used techniques and design used in microstrip antenna papers which has been used by authors for designing of an efficient, low profile, small, compatible, affordable microstrip antenna, mainly used to designed reconfigurable, multiband and wideband antennas, after that a initiator patch design is given with dimensions on which technique will be applied for the analysis of different parameter of antenna. INTRODUCTION In today world of wireless communication, recent developments in wireless communication industry continue to derive requirement of small, compatible and affordable microstrip patch antennas. A patch antenna is a narrowband, widebeam antenna fabricated by etching the antenna element pattern in metal trace bonded to an insulating dielectric substrate such as a printed circuit board with a continuous metal layer bonded to the opposite side of the substrate which forms a ground plane [4].The EM waves is produced by an antenna which is so called transducer because it transform electric current in to EM waves and by receiving vice versa [8]. Radiation of antenna by changing the current inside a conductor wire is the concept of radiations of antenna. By accelerating or decelerating the current in a straight wire, the current will create a flow which makes the antenna radiate, if current will not flow antenna never radiate [15]. Common microstrip antenna shapes are square, rectangular, circular and elliptical, but any continuous shape is possible. The resulting structure is less rugged but has a wider bandwidth because such antennas have a very low profile, are mechanically rugged and can be shaped to conform to the curving skin of a vehicle [8]. They are often mounted on the exterior of aircraft and spacecraft or are incorporated into mobile radio communications devices. Microstrip antennas are best choice for wireless devices because of characteristics like low profile, low weight, ease of fabrication and low cost. Since it is common practice to combine several radios into one wireless and use single antenna. Microstrip antenna suffers from disadvantages like they have less bandwidth and gain [16]. For obtaining multiband and wideband characteristics, different techniques have been used like cutting slot in patch, fractal geometry [2] and DGS [10]. In order to increase bandwidth DGS has been used. DGS may be realized by cutting shape from ground plane. Shape can be simple or complex. When DGS has been applied to antenna equivalent inductive part due to DGS increases and this cause high effective dielectric constant hence bandwidth reduced. It is to be noted that within particular area of ground different DGS can produce different resonant frequencies and different bandwidth. In this paper two radiating u slot in ground plane have been cut out. Hence new resonances along with effective current paths are generated in ground plane, as result wideband characteristics have been obtained [5]. LITERATURE SURVEY Alsath et al.[1] proposed approach to enhance isolation in microstrip patch antenna arrays is described. A Defect is introduced called as meander line resonator by creating defect known as band notch function. Resonator is designed to block surface current at resonant frequency of two patch antenna. This antenna provided an improvement in isolation by 16 dB with reduced edge to edge spacing of 7 mm. This design and simulation has been carried out using antenna simulation software. The resonator is designed to block the surface current at the resonant frequency of the two patch antennas coupled along Hplane and operating at a frequency of 4.8 GHz. The interelement isolation before and after the implementation of SMLR has been investigated.
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