International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Concurrently Written SignaturesPictorially Identical Signatures Swapnil Gupta1, Dr. Anu Singla2 and D. R. Handa3 1 2Institute
of Forensic Science & Criminology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi
3Document
Division, Central Forensic Science Laboratory (CBI), New Delhi
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Abstract - ‘Although these signatures are looking as of
mine, but I didn't signed them’, is a statement often denied. It may be a true or false statement but needs to be proved forensically. Handwriting is nothing but the brain writing of the person and as the brain cannot be duplicated so as the writing. Hence, two different brains produce two individual writings of the person concerned. In the same way, one brain generates an individual writing but it does not mean writing produced at each time may be exactly similar. It is not possible because brain is not a machine so it cannot produce the replica. There must be presence of certain natural variations in repeated writings, whether these are written just after or after long time. But, what will happen, if a person writes twice or thrice similar writing/signatures at the similar time by a multi instrument writing device? These signatures ‘concurrently written signatures’ may generate a complex problem for a forensic expert. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the immediate solution of this problem. Key Words: Brain writing, concurrently written signatures, identical signatures, multi instrument writing device.
1.INTRODUCTION Handwriting is not hand-writing; it is a brain-writing. Instead of calling it as handwriting it should be called as brain-writing or head-writing. Some of the master patterns are stored in our brain and our hand, foot, mouth, nose, ear etc. merely work as a servant of our brain. Since hand is only a tool to brain, which gives command to write; that is why hand writes. All the master patterns are stored in the Parietal part of the brain. A complicated action such as the manipulation of a pen into producing universally recognizable shapes, using a combination of the muscles of the arm, hand, and fingers controlled by the brain both consciously and unconsciously, is clearly likely to give rise to wide variations in methods and effects in handwriting.
Fig 1: Handwriting is Brainwriting In simpler terms, handwriting is a very complicated series of acts which is controlled by neuromuscular coordination and gained after a long continued practice. Hence, there is a direct role of nervous system and muscular system in formation of handwriting. A total of 27 bones and 40 muscles involve, if a person writes with a hand. Signatures are usually another form of cursive writing, but need to be considered separately. A few people use their name written in block capitals as their signatures, but normally cursive writing is used. Generally, signatures can be divided into two types- (a) those closely resemble with the normal cursive writing of the person and are not more than the name written in his or her normal writing and (b) where a distinctive mark is made, barely readable or completely illegible.
Fig 2: Types of Signatures
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