International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Review of the Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite and its Properties Rohit Sharma1, Saurabh Jha P1, Khushboo Kakkar1, Kushal Kamboj1, Pardeep Sharma2 1Amity
University, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 PIET, Samalkha, India
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rice husk etc. AMMC are in demand due to their properties like low density, high specific strength, high damping capacity, high thermal conductivity, high specific modulus, and high abrasion and wear resistance [3], low density, good mechanical properties, low thermal coefficient of expansion, better corrosion resistance [4], high strength to weight ratio and high temperature resistance [5] etc. Aluminium metal matrix composite provides lesser wear resistance when compared to steel and hence it is widely used as a matrix metal. The AMMC can be manufactured by various manufacturing techniques such as stir casting, powder metallurgy, pressure infiltration, squeeze casting [6], chemical vapor deposition etc. Amongst all the processes, stir casting is the most common method used by the researchers [7]
Abstract - Aluminium metal matrix composites are gaining widespread acceptance for automobile, aerospace, agriculture farm machinery and many other industrial applications because of their essential properties such as high strength, low density, good wear resistance compared to any other metal. The present study deals with the addition of reinforcements such as graphite, fly ash, silicon carbide, red mud, organic material etc. to the Aluminium matrix in various proportions. Each reinforced material has an individual property which when added improves the properties of the base alloy. An effort has been made to review the different combinations of the composites and how they affect the properties of the different alloys of aluminium. A comprehensive knowledge of the properties is provided in order to have an overall study of the composites and the best results can be employed for the further development of the Aluminium reinforced composed. The investigation shows that Al metal matrix composites can be replaced with other conventional metals for better performance and longer life.
1.1. Stir Casting Stir casting technique is simple and the most commercial method of production of metal matrix composites. In preparing metal matrix composites by the stir casting method, there are several factors that need to be considered [8], including:
Key Words: Aluminium; Reinforcement; Stir Casting; Silicon Carbide; Graphite; Fly Ash.
1.INTRODUCTION
1. Difficulty in uniform distribution of the reinforcement material. 2. Wettability between the two main substances. 3. Porosity in the cast metal matrix composites, and 4. Chemical reactions between the reinforcement material and the matrix alloy.
A metal matrix composite (MMC) is a composite in which two or more reinforced materials are added to the metal matrix in order to improve the properties of the composite. A hybrid metal matrix composite (HMMC) consists of three or more composites mixed with the matrix. Apart from metal matrix composite, there is polymer matrix composite (PMC) and ceramic matrix composite (CMC). In general, metal matrix is favored over polymer matrices because of its ability to meet the engineering demand. Composites are the most promising material of recent interest. In the modern applied sciences, the concept of mixing two dissimilar materials has gained much attention [1]. The combinations provide unique properties. The composite industry has begun to recognize the commercial application of composites which promise to offer much larger business opportunities in aerospace and automotive sectors [2]. The most commonly used metal matrix is aluminium, magnesium, titanium and their alloys. Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMC) are the composites in which aluminium is used as the matrix and several reinforced materials are embedded into the matrix. Some of the reinforced materials are silicon carbide, graphite, fly ash, particulate alumina, red mud, cow dung,
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In conventional stir casting method, reinforced particulate is mixed into the aluminium melt by mechanical stirring. Mechanical stirring is the most important element of this process. After the mechanical mixing, the molten metal is directly transferred to a shaped mould prior to complete solidification. The essential thing is to create the good wetting between particulate reinforcement and aluminium melt. The distribution of the reinforcement in the final solid depends on the wetting condition of the reinforcement with the melt, relative density, rate of solidification etc. Distribution of reinforcement depends on the geometry of the stirrer, melt temperature and the position of the stirrer in the melt. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of stir casting process.
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