International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
MATLAB SIMULATION ON CHOPPER BASED SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR: A REVIEW Monika Suryawanshi1, Vrushali Pote2, Prof. Apurva A. Bhalerao3 1UG
student, Dept. Of EE, DES’s COET, Maharashtra, India UG student, Dept. Of EE, DES’s COET, Maharashtra, India 3Professor, Dept. of EE, DES’s COET, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2
Abstract - This paper presents an overview MATLAB
simulation of chopper based speed control of DC motor. The speed control of DC motor for different applications is very important. The speed control strategies of DC motor plays an important role in the drive performance. The use of speed controller is to take an signal sample of speed and to bring the motor to that desired speed. The base line objective of dc drive is to maintain the stable speed of the system irrespective of load condition. In a particular requirement, setting a speed of DC motor as the driving equipment must be performed remotely. Electric drives have number of applications in diverse areas such agriculture, transport, industry and domestic purpose. The operation of electric drives are selectively regulated and made partly or fully automatic to increase the productivity and efficiency of the industry. The dc drives play a significant role in modern industrial drives due to its higher performance, reliability, adjustable speed control etc. This paper presents the speed control method of dc motor by varying armature voltage using chopper as a converter. The proportional-integral type controller is used for controlling. Now, to get stable and high speed control of dc motor, the overall chopper Simulink model is done and analyzed in MATLAB (SIMULINK) and also comparing with different types of controllers (P, PI, PID and PD), the speed and performance of the dc machine is measured. Key Words: MATLAB, Speed, PI controller, Chopper, DC motor.
1. INTRODUCTION In recent years, with the progress of science and technology, power electronic technology has been developed rapidly; the application of DC motor is more and more widely. It has good characteristics of speed control, speed smooth, convenient, and wide range of speed regulation. In order to meet the operating requirements of various special production process automation systems, the DC motor speed regulation is put forward higher request. The power electronics devices such as IGBT, MOSFET, SCR are used as switches. They can handle large amount of power obtained at higher voltage and high magnitude of current. Due to simplicity, ease of application, reliability and low cost DC drives are tremendously used for industrial purpose. DC motors are capable of providing starting and accelerating torques in © 2017, IRJET
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Impact Factor value: 5.181
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excess of 400% of rated. The torque/speed characteristics of DC motors are compatible with many of mechanical loads. Hence they are less complex than those of AC drive. Hence by adjusting the terminal voltage speed of the Dc motor can be controlled. To convert the fixed AC voltage to variable DC voltage, the controlled rectifiers are used. Where as to convert the fixed DC voltage to variable DC voltage the choppers are used. The controlled rectifiers and choppers are widely used for the speed control of DC motors. Both series and separately excited DC motors are normally used in variable speed drives. 1.1 DC Chopper A chopper is a static power electronic device that converts fixed dc input voltage to a variable dc output voltage .It is basically the dc-dc converter. A Chopper may be considered as dc equivalent of an ac transformer since they behave in an identical manner. As chopper involves one stage conversion, these are more efficient. Choppers are widely used all over the world. These are also used in trolley cars, marine hoist, forklift trucks and mine haulers. Chopper systems offer smooth control, high efficiency, faster response and regeneration facility .The power semiconductor devices used for a chopper circuit can be force commutated thyristor, power BJT, MOSFET and IGBT,GTO based chopper are also used. These devices are generally represented by a switch. Chopper is “on” or “off” semiconductor switch having high speed. When Switch is “off” no current flows through it. When the switch is “On” current flows through the circuit.
Fig-1: DC Chopper Circuit And Waveforms
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