International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Continuity in the development of seamless mobility: An approach for a system-of-systems environment Albert Albers1, Ralf Reussner2, Armin Kurrle1, Erik Burger2, Georg Moeser1, Nikola Bursac1, Simon Klingler1, Matthias Behrendt1 1Institute
of Product Engineering (IPEK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany for Program Structures and Data Organization (IPD), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2Institute
Abstract – Today’s product innovations increasingly
factories, smart logistic) (2) enabling a seamless mobility. “Seamless” is understood as accessible, intermodal, connected, safe, secure, effective, and efficient in order to be affordable, value creating, environmentally friendly, resilient and acceptable. Such a seamless mobility enables new business models for IT, retail market, insurance and others. The car itself is part of a complex, interconnected system-of-systems (SoS), where many people from different disciplines are involved in development.
consist of tightly coupled heterogeneous smart systems. This trend can also be observed in the automotive domain. In future seamless mobility, the car will be one part of a complex system-of-systems where many partly independent working teams from different disciplines and companies with high interrelations are involved in development of the mobility system. In practice, many different methods, processes and tools are used in product development, which leads to the challenge of obtaining consistency and continuity over multiple development generations and product generations, level of detail, and different projects. As changes to the product models can have a wide impact, management of change plays an important role. This research article presents two integrated approaches to enable multi-level traceability in interdisciplinary product development. The presented approaches use semantic technologies for heterogeneous development artefacts and model-based techniques to build consistent product models for cyber-physical systems and systems-of-systems. Finally, a methodology to support management of change in distributed product development based on the SPALTEN problem-solving process is presented. The integration of these three approaches with the change management methodology supports distributed development of seamless mobility systems with high consistency and traceability. Key Words: Seamless Mobility, Traceability, Systemsof-Systems, Smart Mobility, Connected Car, Modelbased Systems Engineering, RDF, Change Management, PGE - Product Generation Engineering
Because of the highly interrelated product models in the distributed and partly independent development teams, changes to requirements or goals can have a wide impact. Inconsistency can lead to serious problems in product development process. In particular, it shifts projects risks to later phases of development with often severe financial impacts. During a research cooperation between the connected car department of a German car manufacturer and the IPEK – Institute of product engineering of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in the period of 2013 – 2016, the following observations of development project were made: In practice, a variety of heterogeneous tools and representation forms are used in product development to explain product models. They support collaboration in product development. It is however hardly possible to unify these methods, processes and tools, especially in a systems-ofsystems environment. This is traced back to a variety of boundary conditions on selection of methods and tools (see Figure 1). For example, the form of representation can vary between different development phases. In early phase of product development, sketches or posters and mockups are gladly used to describe product models. Tools like Microsoft Power Point can be used to do that. In later development phases, requirements and specifications have to be described in detail. Tools like IBM Rational Doors or modelbased techniques with direct link to implementation or shape are chosen.
1. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION Today’s innovations in product development are increasingly based on a close interaction between mechanics, electronics and software engineering. Information and communication technology open up further possibilities. Future products are becoming increasingly interdisciplinary, complex, autonomous, connected and with embedded intelligence (1).
Existing processes, methods and tools, even from different domains have to be integrated. In the investigated case, over 40 tools have been used to develop electrical components for cars. Dissolvement of one tool often means to rebuild many existing interfaces.
This trend can also be observed in the automotive and transportation industry in terms of increasing digitalization. The car of the future will be connected with other “smart products” (e.g., smart buildings, smart grids, smart
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