International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017
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e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
GPS AND WEAPON TECHNOLOGY METHODS FOR MISSILES: AN OVERVIEW Mr.Vishal Chahare1, Sourabh Patil2, Saurabh Patil3 1Assistant
professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Deogiri Institute of Engineering and Management studies, Maharashtra, India. 2, 3 UG student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Deogiri Institute of Engineering and Management studies, Maharashtra, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract-This paper focused on use of GPS technology and
Relative GPS/ATACMS Scenario. We have also looked at Relative Techniques Employing Ground-Based Receivers. The missile can be guided by a number of ways for example by using radio waves, infrared, laser and by using GPS and INS. Radio waves are used when missile is guided by a human operator or by using radar system. Infrared is used to guide the missile when target emits thermal energy. With the help of infrared thermal energy emit by the target which is detected, then missile is guided by following heat produce by the target. Laser guidance works by pointing laser on the target, then missile is guided by following laser beam. Finally we have also discussed the advantages and difficulties in GPS based weapons.
Key Words: Global Positioning System (GPS), Inertial Navigation System (INS), Precision-Guided Munitions, Army’s Tactical Missile System (ATACMS), Missile control.
1.INTRODUCTION The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite based navigation system offering precision navigation capability. Originally designed for military use, civilian access has been permitted to specific parts of the GPS. The GPS signal is available 24 hours per day throughout the world and in all weather, conditions. A precision-guided munition (PGM, smart weapon, smart munition, smart bomb) is a guided munition intended to precisely hit a specific target, and to minimize collateral damage. Because the damage effects of explosive weapons decrease with distance due to an inverse cube law, even modest improvements in accuracy (hence reduction in miss distance) enable a target to be attacked with fewer or smaller bombs. Thus, even if some guided bombs miss, fewer air crews are put at risk and the harm to civilians and the amount of collateral damage may be reduced. Looking back into the history of rockets and guided missiles, we find that rockets were used in China and India Š 2017, IRJET
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around 1000 AD for fireworks as well as for war purposes. During the 18th century, unguided rocket propelled missiles were used by Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan against the British. The Soviet Union launched the first man-made satellite, Sputnik 1, in 1957. Two American physicists, William Guier and George Weiffenbach, at Johns Hopkins's Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), decided to monitor Sputnik's radio transmissions.
2. GPS GPS determines the position of the user by triangulation/ trilateration. Knowing the position of the satellite and the distance from the other satellite; combinations of satellites can be used to determine the exact position of the receiver. A GPS receiver uses trilateration (a more complex version of triangulation) to determine its position on the surface of the earth by timing signals from three satellites in the Global Positioning System. The GPS is a network of satellites that orbit the earth and send a signal to GPS receivers providing precise details of the receiver's location, the time of day, and the speed the device is moving in relation to the three satellites. Each satellite in the GPS constellation sends out periodic signals along with a time signal. These are received by GPS devices, which then calculate the distance between the device and each satellite based on the delay between the time the signal was sent and the time when it was received. The signals travel at the speed of light, but there is a delay because the satellites are at an altitude of tens of thousands of kilometers above the earth.
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