International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Special Issue: 09 | Sep -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
One Day International Seminar on Materials Science & Technology (ISMST 2017) 4th August 2017 Organized by
Department of Physics, Mother Teresa Women’s University, Kodaikanal, Tamilnadu, India
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/Graphene Oxide for Biomedical Applications Dhatchayani Surendran1, Vaseeharan Baskaralingam2, Vijayakumar Sekar3, Sarala Natarajan4, Sankaranarayanan Krishnasamy*1 1Research
Scholar, Dept. of Physics, Alagappa University, Tamilnadu, India Dept. of Animal Health & Management, Alagappa University, Tamilnadu, India 3Research Scholar, Dept. of Animal Health & Management, Alagappa University, Tamilnadu, India 4Research Scholar, Dept. of Physics, Alagappa University, Tamilnadu, India *1Corresponding author, Professor,Dept. of Physics, Alagappa University, Tamilnadu, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2Professor,
Abstract - The well resemblance of the mineral phase of
human hard tissue and excellant bioactivity of Hydroxyapatite makes it as an essential candidate in biomedical field, especially in orthopedics. The utility of composites of hydroxyapatite is tremendous in hard tissue implants as the properties can be tailored to meet specific physical, chemical and biological needs. In this study, Hydroxyapatite/Graphene oxide composite (HA/GO) was synthesized by co-precipitation method and Graphene Oxide was prepared by a modified Hummers’ method.The samples were subjected to XRD, FTIR, SEM and Raman analyses. SEM images revealed crumpled morphology and exfoliated form of GO. And also FTIR analysis confirmed HA/GO composite formation. Antibacterial studies were carried out using Enterococcus faecalis (gram positive) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram negative). The antimicrobial test revealed that the composite inhibited both Gram positive and negative bacteria.
Key
Words: hydroxyapatite, graphene coprecipitation, antibacterial, biomedical
oxide,
1.INTRODUCTION There is a rapid growing demand for bio-engineered materials for biomedical applications. Efforts are being made to produce improved the quality of the bio implant materials. A wide variety of composite materials are being tailored with desired properties according to the physical, chemical and biological aspects in different fields of applications. Hydroxyapatite is an excellent candidate which is used widely in Orthopaedics as it is bioactive and replica of the humane bone mineral [1]. Graphene Oxide (GO) is one of the promising materials in biomedical application. It exhibits biocompatibility and antimicrobial effect. In addition to that, it enhances the mechanical properties of hard Tissue implants [2]. In this present study, Hydroxyapatite/Graphene Oxide composite was prepared by © 2017, IRJET
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co-precipitation method and the prepared samples were subjected to different characterization techniques to analyze the physical, chemical and biological properties. The structural and morphological properties were studied by XRay Diffraction and the Scanning Electron Microscope respectively. FTIR Spectrometer was used to analyze the functional properties. The antibacterial activity of the sample was screened by agar well diffusion method.
1.1 Materials and Methods Graphite powder (APS 7-11 micron, 99%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar and Calcium Nitrate Tetra Hydrate (Ca(NO3)2.4H2O), Di-ammonium Hydrogen Phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4), Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH), Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4), Sodium Nitrate, Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and Hydrogen Peroxide were purchased from Merck Chemicals, India. All of the chemical reagents used in this experiment were analytical grade and used without further purification. Graphene Oxide was synthesized by modified Hummers’ method [3] and GO aqueous solution (10mg/ml) was prepared by ultra-sonication. Hydroxyapatite/Graphene Oxide composite (HA/GO) was prepared by co-precipitation method as follows. The prepared GO solution was dropped into 0.5 M Ca(NO3)2.4H2O aqueous solution and stirred for 1 h. Then aqueous solution of 0.3 M (NH4)2HPO4 was added with the reaction mixture drop wise and stirred for 2h. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 11 with Ammonium hydroxide. After the addition of Ammonium hydroxide the composite was precipitated and it was aged for 24 h. The product was washed with deionized water and ethanol repeatedly. Then it was deep freeze at -80ºC followed by lyophilization.
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