International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Special Issue: 09 | Sep -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
One Day International Seminar on Materials Science & Technology (ISMST 2017) 4th August 2017 Organized by
Department of Physics, Mother Teresa Women’s University, Kodaikanal, Tamilnadu, India
Synthesis and characterization of P2-Nax[Fe1/2 Mn1/2]O2 iron and manganese based electrode material for sodium ion rechargeable batteries P.Arjunan1, R.Subadevi2, M.Sivakumar3 1,2,3 #120,
Energy Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi- 630003, Tamil Nadu. (* Corresponding Author: susiva73@yahoo.co.in Mobile no: 9842954116 (M.Sivakumar)) ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Large-scale high-energy density batteries with
conceivable cathode candidates for sodium-ion batteries is layered rock salt NaxMO2 (M transition metal). NaxMO2 can be categorized into three main groups using the classification proposed by Delmas et al.; the O3, P2, and P3 types[4]. Fe and Mn are the most attractive elements for cathodes of large batteries, because of the low environmental impact and cost. O3-type -NaFeO2 and NaMnO2 also show electrochemical activity. However, only about 0.4 Na in a-NaFeO2 and less than 0.8 Na in a-NaMnO2 could be reversibly extracted, respectively [5-7]. P2 type Layered sodium transition metal oxides are regarded as promising candidates for stationary and mobile energy storage. The challenge is to develop low cost batteries operating in a similar fashion as their lithium counterparts at room temperature. In the 1980s, surveys, done mainly by Delmas's group[7-10], the general approach to improve crystal structure stability is to introduce foreign metallic ions to diminution the Mn (III) content and stabilize the crystal structure[11] recently N.Yabuuchi et.al. Synthesized electrode material P2-Na2/3[Fe1/2Mn1/2]O2, that delivers 190mAhg -1 of reversible capacity in the sodium cells with the electrochemically active Fe3+/Fe4+ redox. These results will contribute to the development of rechargeable batteries from the earth-abundant elements operable at room temperature [12]. In this proposed work we have Synthesized P2 type layered Nax[Fe1/2Mn1/2] O2 cathode material for sodium ion secondary battery by conventional solid state method and the prepared materials are characterized for their physical properties using XRD, FTIR and Raman analysis.
Key words: Sodium Ion battery, iron-manganese, P2 Type layer, solid state method, cathode material
1.1 EXPERIMENTAL
electrode materials made from the earth-abundant elements are needed to achieve sustainable energy development. On the basis of material abundance, rechargeable sodium batteries with iron- and manganese based electrode materials are the ideal candidates for large-scale batteries. Layered sodium oxides with the formula NaxMO2 (where x is comprised between 0 and 1, M is a transition metal) have been intensively studied there last thirty years either for their unique physical properties or with a view for their use in sodium-ion batteries. More recently, advanced electrochemical properties of some NaxMO2 systems containing only one transition metal have been re-investigated and new complex materials with several transition metals in the MO2 layers have been synthesized and studied. In particular, systems containing non-toxic and abundant elements such as manganese and iron appear very attractive and first results in the P2-Nax[Fe1/2 Mn1/2 ]O2 system have showed a capacity as high as 190 mAh/g. The promising results were obtained in other compositions in manganese and iron based systems. Sodium deficient iron–manganese oxides P2-NaxFe1/2 Mn1/2O2 are prepared from acetate precursors. We first synthesis and characterize some properties of the P2Nax[Fe1/2 Mn1/2 ]O2 cathode material by conventional solid state method with higher calcination temperature. Hereby the X-ray diffraction analysis the purity of the crystalline structure is observed in good manner and the infrared spectra are recorded on Fourier Transform Spectrometer in the mid– infrared region (MIR) within the range (400-4500 cm-1). IR absorption of the functional groups varies over a wide range. The prepared sample is also studied by Raman spectroscopy.
1. INTRODUCTION Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much attention as a promising alternative to Lithium ion batteries for large-scale energy storage, due to the natural abundance and low cost of sodium resources[1–3]. One of the most © 2017, IRJET
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Preparation of Nax[Fe1/2Mn1/2] O2 The cathode material P2- Nax[Fe1/2Mn1/2] O2 was prepared through conventional solid state method. Stoichiometric amounts of the precursor was prepared by mixing desirable amount of Fe(CH3COO)2.4H2O, Mn(CH3COO)2.4H2O and CH3COONa with high purity of 99.9% ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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