International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 07 | July 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Design and Analysis of Treadle Pump for Irrigation System in Rural Areas Naresh Kumar Wagri 1, 4 Kamal Kishore2, Swastishree Jain3, Anurag Choubey4, Akashdeep Sahu5, Aseem C Tiwari4 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering and Management, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
2School of Civil, Mining, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Wollongong, NSW- 2522,
Australia
3Department of Forest, Government of Madhya Pradesh, Bandhavgarh National Park, Khitauli, Garhpuri, MP-
484661, India
4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki
Vishwavidyalaya (UIT-RGPV), Bhopal, MP-462033, India
5Department of Police, Government of Madhya Pradesh, Patan, Jabalpur, MP-483113, India
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Abstract - Irrigation in rural areas is essential for
Nomenclature M Mass flow rate g Acceleration to gravity W Unit of power N Newton h Head of the pump ρ Density of the water q Discharge of the pump l Length of the pipe d Diameter of the pipe f friction factor m Meter v Velocity of the flow Kg Kilogram s Second kgf Kilogram-force
agricultural productivity and food security. However, several issues arise from improper or unsustainable irrigation practices, which can have long-term environmental, economic, and social impacts. Thus, proper supply of water with mechanical equipment is therefore essential to implementing and maintaining a cost-effective irrigation system. A treadle pump is a human-powered irrigation device designed to efficiently lift water from a lower to a higher elevation. Its basic structure consists of a pedal-operated lever, or treadle, connected to a pump mechanism. The user steps on the treadle, which activates a series of pistons or diaphragms, creating a pumping action that draws water from a source such as a well or a river. By performing this pump there are several challenges for the proper supply of water supply. It includes designing of whole treadle pump assembly. In this study, a treadle pump was constructed and operated with design parameters in order to estimate the outlet flow rate of water. The efficiency of the treadle pump was estimated to be around 46.6 % and the overall system cost has been estimated at around ₹ 6000 (INR). Results from this study concluded that the Government of India should be urged to increase the availability and to promote this kind of technology to the market at a reduced cost by offering tax incentives to local manufacturers and by using an input voucher system to subsidize qualified poor smallholder farmers.
lack of clean water, poor education, long hours of household work, and few opportunities for business and economic growth1–5. Despite help from governments and organizations, rural poverty has not improved much. Market-based approaches, unlike traditional aid, aim to boost the economy by supporting entrepreneurship6. These methods are often more effective because they help local businesses grow and increase income of people from the ground up7. Many organizations often focus on agriculture in developing nations as subsistence farming is the main activity in rural areas8–10. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2000) states that reliable irrigation methods can boost crop yields by 100% to 400%11. This increase in agricultural output leads to higher sales and revenue, allowing farmers to grow more valuable crops and adopt new technology. With increased revenue, farmers can expand their arable land, further boosting productivity and income each season. This improvement can
Key Words: Treadle pump, Flow rate, Mass flow rate, Water, Irrigation.
1. INTRODUCTION In developing countries, rural villages face many challenges like poor infrastructure, limited healthcare,
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