International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 08 | Aug 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
BAMBOO AS A STRUCTURAL MEMBER - A REVIEW Pavan1, Sneha S D2, Dr. S. Kavitha3 1PG Student (M. Tech), Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India 3Professor and HOD, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Karnataka, India
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Abstract - The increasing demand for sustainable
economies, making it a promising material for sustainable and economical construction worldwide.
construction materials has highlighted bamboo as an ecofriendly alternative to conventional resources such as steel and concrete. This review examines the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo, treatment methods to enhance durability, and manufacturing processes for laminated bamboo. Standardized tests for compressive, tensile, and bending strengths were conducted in accordance with IS 6874:2008 and IS 8242, enabling comparison between natural and laminated bamboo. Results indicate that laminated bamboo exhibits superior modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, compressive strength, and tensile strength due to defect elimination, improved bonding, and uniform stress distribution. The lamination process, combined with appropriate adhesives, also enhances moisture resistance and dimensional stability, making laminated bamboo highly suitable for beams, columns, and panels. The study concludes that engineered bamboo products can effectively serve as sustainable, high-strength structural materials, supporting both environmental conservation and efficient construction practices.
Fig -1: Bamboo-Framed Structure
2 LITERATURE REVIEW Abhijit Kudva et.al (2024) [1] Explored how different chemical treatments affect the physical and mechanical characteristics of Dendrocalamus strictus bamboo. The culms were treated using the dip-diffusion method with 12% sodium chloride, 7% boric acid–borax, and 0.8% copper chrome boron. Tests for moisture content, density, water absorption, swelling, compressive strength, and bending strength revealed that treated samples showed reduced water absorption and swelling, with copper chrome boron producing the highest mechanical strength. The findings confirmed that suitable chemical treatment enhances bamboo’s durability and structural performance.
Key Words: Laminated bamboo, Mechanical properties, Sustainable construction, Structural applications, Adhesive bonding.
1 INTRODUCTION The growing urgency to address climate change has intensified efforts to find sustainable construction materials that reduce carbon emissions. The construction sector is a major contributor to greenhouse gases, with cement and steel production alone accounting for 5–9% of global CO₂ emissions. Bamboo has gained attention as an eco-friendly alternative due to its rapid growth, renewability, low embodied energy, and negative carbon footprint. It sequesters significant amounts of carbon, has a short harvest cycle of 3–5 years, and offers high mechanical strength, including tensile strength comparable to steel. Its flexibility, resilience, and high strength-to-weight ratio make it suitable for structural and seismic-resistant applications. Bamboo can be used in columns, beams, scaffolding, reinforcement, and modular housing, helping reduce construction costs and timelines. Its cultivation also promotes environmental conservation, prevents deforestation, and supports rural
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Xinzhou Wang et.al (2020) [2] The study assessed how high-temperature saturated steam treatment affects the physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics of moso bamboo. Four-year-old bamboo culms underwent treatment at temperatures of 140 °C, 160 °C, and 180 °C for periods ranging from 10 to 30 minutes. Subsequent evaluations covered microstructure, chemical composition, moisture content, and strength properties. Results showed that treatment at 140 °C enhanced both the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity, while higher temperatures led to hemicellulose degradation, decreasing strength despite lowering moisture content. Optimal improvements in dimensional stability and durability—particularly for outdoor applications—were achieved at 160 °C for 30 minutes or 180 °C for 10 minutes.
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