International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 07 | July 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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An Intelligent Elephant Intrusion Prevention System Using HighFrequency Sound and Smart Alerts K. DHANUSH1, Keerthana B2, Dr. Shanthi M.B3, 1Bachelor of Engineering, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science,
CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2Bachelor of Engineering, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science,
CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
3Professor, Head of Department, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science,
CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------ways to bypass physical barriers, which calls for smarter, Abstract - Human-elephant conflict is a pressing issue in safer alternatives
India, especially where expanding agriculture overlaps with elephant habitats. As deforestation and habitat loss intensify, elephants are often driven into human settlements, leading to significant crop damage, property loss, and fatalities on both sides. Conventional solutions like electric fencing are costly, ecologically damaging, and sometimes harmful to wildlife. This research proposes a dual-feature Elephant Barrier System that offers a sustainable, non-lethal approach to mitigate such conflicts. The first feature uses high-pitched, non-harmful acoustic signals—such as bee buzzing and frequencies in the 3–10 kHz range—to deter elephants based on their natural aversions. The second feature employs motion sensors and camera modules to detect elephant movement and send realtime alerts, including images, to farmers via a mobile application. By combining behavioral deterrents with smart monitoring, this system supports peaceful coexistence and presents a scalable, eco-friendly model suitable for regions facing similar human-wildlife conflicts.
This paper presents a two-part Elephant Barrier System designed to reduce such conflicts. It uses highfrequency, non-harmful sounds to gently keep elephants away and combines this with a smart detection system that alerts farmers in real time through a mobile app. By blending natural behavioral cues with modern technology, this system aims to protect both people and elephants, encouraging peaceful and sustainable coexistence
2. Literature Human-elephant conflict (HEC) remains a critical issue in India, affecting agriculture, human safety, and wildlife conservation. Various methods have been developed to prevent elephants from entering farmlands, ranging from traditional barriers to smart, technology-driven solutions. Conventional deterrents like electric fences and trenches are widely used but have limitations. Elephants often adapt and learn to overcome these barriers (Sukumar, 2003). Additionally, such methods can be harmful, raising ethical concerns in conservation efforts.
Key Words: Human-Elephant Conflict, Smart Wildlife Detection, Motion Sensors, Camera-Based Monitoring, Non-lethal Wildlife Barrier, IoT in Wildlife Conservation, Mobile Alert System.
In recent years, bio-acoustic techniques have shown promise as non-lethal alternatives. Research by King et al. (2007) demonstrated that playing bee buzzing sounds could successfully deter elephants from crop fields in African regions, encouraging exploration of sound-based deterrents.
1.INTRODUCTION India is home to over 27,000 Asian elephants—more than half of the world’s population. But as cities grow, forests shrink, and farmlands expand, elephants are losing their natural homes. This forces them to wander into villages and farms, especially in states like Karnataka, Odisha, Assam, and Kerala, where encounters often lead to damaged crops, financial loss, and even injuries or deaths on both sides.
IoT-based wildlife detection systems have also been introduced. For instance, Ghosh et al. (2021) used motion sensors and cameras to track animal movement and notify forest authorities. However, many of these systems lack direct communication with local farmers and are not easily scalable in remote areas.
1.1 Present techniques
The proposed Elephant Barrier System aims to bridge this gap by integrating high-frequency acoustic deterrents with real-time image alerts sent to farmers via a mobile app. This approach offers a practical, humane, and
Traditional methods like electric fences, firecrackers, and patrolling are either too costly, risky, or simply not effective over time. Elephants are intelligent animals and often find
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