International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025 www.irjet.net
e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Web-based Hazardous Gas Monitoring and Alerting Rover System 1st Leela Sudarshan Dept. of Electronics and Communication Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Tirupati, India
2nd G. Padma Priya Professor Dept. of Electronics and Communication Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Tirupati, India
4th Rohith Palleti Dept. of Electronics and Communication, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Tirupati, India.
5th Keerthi P Dept. of Electronics and Communication Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Tirupati, India
3rd Noojilla Lahari Dept. of Electronics and Communication Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Tirupati, India 6th Muthukuru Sreedhar Dept. of Electronics and Communication, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Tirupati, India.
------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract—This paper states a remote gas monitoring and alert system designed for mining environments, where toxic gas causes severe risks to workers. The proposed system employs an IoT-based approach to detect, measure, and transmit gas concentration data in real-time while providing alerts through a webbased interface. The module integrates MQ-7 for detecting carbon monoxide (CO), MQ-135 for hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), and MQ-4 for methane (CH₄), ensuring comprehensive environmental monitoring. The hardware architecture consists of an ESP32-CAM, which is for the rover’s control purpose and navigation, and an ESP32 responsible for gas data obtaining and transmission. Sensor readings are continuously sent to a web dashboard, enabling remote users to monitor hazardous gas levels and analyze trends. The web service is useful for data sharing and remote access, building situational awareness, and worker safety. Sensor readings are continuously sent to a web dashboard, enabling remote users to monitor hazardous gas levels and analyze trends. The system’s web interface allows for data sharing and remote accessibility, enhancing situational awareness and worker safety. The benefit of this prototype is being cost-effective, scalable, and real-time gas monitoring capability and alerting system, and hence an efficient solution for occupational safety for underground mines.
explosions, suffocation, and long-term respiratory diseases. Traditional gas monitoring systems have fixed sensors, which need constant manual attention and are not useful in large-scale mining operations where gas accumulation may occur suddenly. Furthermore, limited accessibility to certain mining areas makes manual monitoring both challenging and dangerous. Accidents like the China coal mine explosion in 2024, three people killed in at Mexico incident in 2024 and the Odisha mine gas leakage in 2023 have been fatal ones and these are the main reasons to have the safety system in real-time such as in the underground mining area. Such calamities point to the drawbacks of traditional monitoring methods where one is likely to take time to detect the gas or where safety measures may not be effective enough to prevent an explosion. This is because there is no strong real-time alerting system that would warn miners when there is an occurrence of gas leakage or an explosion. The conventional methods of monitoring gases have been enhanced with the new strategies in the recent past. One of them is the Smart Safety Helmet which is a helmet containing microcontrollers like ESP32 along with the integrated sensors that help in detecting hazardous gases. These helmets offer monitoring and notification to the miners, which adds to the safety aspect due to response features.[1]Another essential development is the IoTBased Environmental Monitoring System that uses WSNs to monitor the gas concentrations in the mining areas. These systems offer information and alarms, which enable timely action to be taken in the event of a leakage of gas [2]. Optical Fibre Sensors can therefore be considered as a reliable solution for the detection of hazardous gases in mines and tunnels. The sensors include the advantages of nonelectrical transmission of signal, electromagnetic interference, corrosion, and miniaturization, and these make them suitable for challenging underground conditions[3].
Keywords—IoT, gas monitoring, mining safety, toxic gas detection, ESP32-CAM, real-time alert system, MQ-7, MQ135, MQ-4, occupational safety, environmental monitoring, web-based dashboard.
I. INTRODUCTION Mining remains one of the most hazardous industries, with exposure to toxic gases such as methane (CH₄), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) posing severe health risks to workers. These gases, often odorless and highly combustible, contribute to fatal accidents such as
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