International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 05 | May -2017
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e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
MICROCONTROLLER BASED AUTOMATIC PLANT IRRIGATION SYSTEM Bishnu Deo Kumar1, Prachi Srivastava2, Reetika Agrawal3, Vanya Tiwari4 1Asst.
Prof., Department of Instrumentation and Control Engg., Galgotias College of Engg. & Tech., Uttar Pradesh, India Studenst, Department of Instrumentation and Control Engg., Galgotias College of Engg. & Tech., Uttar Pradesh, India
234UG
------------------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------runoff can be decreased to a much high extent if the Abstract- The main aim of this paper is to provide system is installed effectively. information about automatic irrigation to the plants which helps in saving money and water. The entire system is Sprinkler System: This irrigation system is designed on controlled using ATMEGA 328 microcontroller which is overhead sprinklers fixed on permanent risers. The system giving the interrupt signal to the motor. Temperature sensor is installed underground and the sprinklers level up when and humidity sensor are connected to internal ports of micro water pressure increases, which is a famous irrigation controller via comparator, whenever there is a fluctuation in system for use on golf courses and parks. temperature and humidity of the environment these sensors senses the change in temperature and humidity and gives an Rotary Systems: This method can be used when irrigating interrupt signal to the micro-controller and thus the motor area is large. In this method sprinklers can reach the area is activated, along with this buzzer is used to indicate that of up to 100 feet. In this method sprinklers move in pump is on. circular direction covering larger areas.in this method small amount of water can irrigate large area of a field. Key Words: Microcontroller, Temperature sensor, Humidity sensor, Soil Moisture sensor, Motor.
1.1NEED OF AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION
1. INTRODUCTION
Water shortage is one of the major problem in the world. Many different methods are incorporated for conservation of water. We need water in each and every field & is needed for every human beings, animals, plants, etc. Agriculture is one such field where water is required in high quantity. Wastage of water is a major problem in agriculture. Every time excess of water is given to the fields. A number of techniques are available to save or to control wastage of water from agriculture. Ditch Irrigation: Ditch Irrigation is one of the old methodology, where ditches are dug out and seedlings are planted in horizontally aligned pattern. Water is made to move to different canals via siphon tubes. Terraced Irrigation: In this process the land is cut into multiple steps and supported by keeping walls while the plain areas are used for plantation and the idea is that the water runs down each step watering each column. This led steep land to be used for multiple crops. This is a very labour involvement method of irrigation. Drip Irrigation: The most water effective method of irrigation is the drip irrigation method. In this method, water is dropped near the root level of a plant in a slow steady motion. The loss of water through evaporation and
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Automatic irrigation system proves to be very helpful for those who travel. If designed and coded properly, automatic irrigation systems can be very cost effective and can do a lot of water conservation. Watering with a pipe or with oscillator wastes water and none of these method aim plant roots. Automatic irrigation systems can be designed in such a way which gives required amount of water in a targeted area, and which will also promotes water conservation. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW In this paper, soil moisture sensor is placed in the root zone of plant/field. The sensor sends information and transmits the data to the microcontroller. An algorithm was developed to measure threshold value soil moisture sensor that was programmed into a microcontroller to monitor the humidity content of the soil. This paper designs a model of automatic irrigation system which is based on microcontroller ATMEGA328. Temperature and soil moisture sensors are placed in the field. Sensors sense the moisture content of the soil and give the information to farmer through GSM Module. Farmer gets to know the status of the pump installed in the field via GSM Module without going into the field. When the moisture content reaches above the desired threshold
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