International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
ASSESSMENT OF GROUND WATER QUALITY AT KONDAPALLI INDUSTRIAL REGION, KRISHNA DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA Swarna latha. G1, Sudhakar G2, V.Venkatarathnamma3, N. Chimpiriah4 1,2 & 4
Research scholar, Dept of Environmental Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur 3 Assistant Professor, Dept of Zoology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur
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Abstract - The groundwater quality is very important for the drinking purpose where the surface water is not available and near industrial developments in the world, in India it is mandatory for monitoring the quality of water due to heavy discharge of effluents directly, in the present study five sampling stations were selected for the assessing the groundwater quality in kondapalli industrial region,and assessing the physicochemical parameters like The samples were analyzed various water quality parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Chloride, sulphate, nitrates, iron, calcium, magnesium, and fluoride using standards procedures, the minimum, maximum, mean, median, and standard deviation were tabulated and compared with water quality standards BIS, WHO.USPH, the results indicate that due to discharge of industrial effluents groundwater quality is changed and make unsuitable for drinking purpose. It needs the treatment of industrial effluents before discharge.
Key Words: Groundwater 1, contamination 2, Industrial effluents 3, Parameters 4, Physico chemical 5, Standards 6.
1.INTRODUCTION The ground water is very important for existence of life. It is a liberal part of environment, hence it cannot be looked in isolation especially where high degree of dependence is upon ground water for drinking purpose (Sudhakar and Swarna latha 2013) and it plays an important role in ecological functions in various eco systems. Due to increase of industrialization urbanization gradually decreases the ground water quality in some regions during some periods due to unsustainable use of water resources. Water is not only essential for the lives of animals and plants, but also occupies a unique position in industries. According to WHO 2.2 million people die from dieses causes from lake of safe drinking water. (Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 report). In general ground water is a suitable source for drinking water because of its high quality, similar study was has been carried out to study the physicochemical characteristics of ground water. (Senthilnathan et al., 2012), Zahir and Rajadurai, (2013), Sirajudeen et al., (2014), Gnanachandrasamy et al., (2015).
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Ground water is believed to be comparatively much clear than the surface water. Over usage of ground water for drinking, irrigation and domestic purpose has resulted in rapid depletion of water and pollution of ground water aquifers has made many of the wells unfit for consumption (Chutia and Sarma, 2009). People around the world have used ground water as a source of drinking water and even today more than half of the world’s population depends on ground water for survival (UNESCO-2000). So it is believed to be comparatively much clean and free from pollution than surface water. (Mangukiya et al 2012). The most important fresh water source in the world, based on stability and importance, is the groundwater (Neag., 2000). Groundwater chemistry has been utilized as a tool to outlook water quality for various purposes (Edmunds et al 2010), Due to inadequate supply of surface waters, most of the people are depending mainly on groundwater resources in India for drinking and domestic, industrial, and irrigation uses. (Sudhakar et al., 2014 a), the availability of ground water depends upon the rate at which it is recycled by hydrological cycle than on the amount that is available for use at any moment in time. (Leelavathi et al., 2016), Over exploitation of ground water through the bore well and their improper handling resulted decline the water levels, Hydro chemical study is a useful tool to identify the suitability of the groundwater in that the physical parameters taken into consideration like color, odor, turbidity and temperature, pH, and so on.(Sudhakar et al., 2014 b),It serves the understanding of water quality issues by integrating complex data and generating a score that describes water quality status (Rizwan and Gurdeep 2010).
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Study area
The study area kondapalli is a census town in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. (Fig:1), It is located in Ibrahimpatnam mandal under Vijayawada revenue division and 16 km from Vijayawada, on National Highway 221. It has Kondapalli Reserve Forest, one of the last remaining pristine forests in the Krishna district, spread over an area of 30,000 acres (120 km2). The historic fort on the hill located to the west of the Kondapalli village was built by Prolaya Vema Reddy of Kondavidu during the 14th century. Kondapalli is an industrial suburb of ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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