International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Guidelines for Construction of Pipe Distribution Network (PDN) for Irrigation Mr. Sandesh B. Kulavmode1, Dr.S.S.Valunjkar2 1P.G.
Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
2Professor,
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------“ to net area irrigated by source from the year 2000-01 to Abstract- The objective of this paper is to highlighting the use of Pipe Distribution Network (PDN) instead of Canal Distribution Network (CDN) to increase the overall project efficiency of irrigation project and thereby reducing the stresses due to water scarcity. In order to achieve maximum benefits from PDN, planning, designing, and construction of it should be carefully done. This paper provides a guideline for planning, designing and construction of PDN system for irrigation. It is recommended that PDN system could be economical and feasible over conventional CDN and this system is so flexible that it can be implemented as a new scheme or used to convert the existing CDN. Keywords : Pipe Distribution Network (PDN), Canal Distribution Network (CDN), Flow Velocity, Diameter of Pipe, Hydraulic Gradient Line (HGL).
1. INTRODUCTION Government of India aims to increase the water use efficiency by 20 percent till the end of year 2017. Also as per Maharashtra Water Resources Regulatory Authority (MWRRA) from the year 2019 onwards adoption of microirrigation for perennial crops is made compulsory. Maharashtra Water and Irrigation Department reports, current CCA of Maharashtra state is approximately 225 lacs Hector (Ha). By considering the availability of surface water and ground water, the total area irrigated by surface water is 85 lacs Ha and that of ground water is 41 lacs Ha. Hence it is possible to irrigate total 126 lacs Ha, which contributing just 56 percent of total CCA. Demand of water for civilization and industrialization is increasing at an alarming rate. This increase in demand reduces the water availability for irrigation. To overcome this water scarcity, optimum utilization of irrigation water is necessary which will help in irrigating maximum area and for this purpose there is need to modernization of existing conventional CDN system.
1.1 Irrigation and its Sources Irrigation sector is the largest consumer of water as more than 80 percent of available water resources in India are being presently utilized for irrigation purpose. The main sources of irrigation in the country are canals, tanks and wells including tube wells. Analyzing the data relating © 2017, IRJET
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Impact Factor value: 5.181
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2011-12, it is observed that the major source of irrigation is ground water. It was found that wells (considering all types of wells viz. dug well, shallow tube-well, deep tubewell) contributed about 61 percent irrigation followed by canals with 24 percent at all- India level during 2000-01 to 2011-12, which shows that on increasing the efficiency of existing canals the problems like ground water depletion and pumping cost can be tackled.
1.2 Efficiency of Project Conventional irrigation methods are surface gravity open channel systems such as furrows, basin, border etc. with field application efficiencies of 60 to 70 percent. The Overall Project Efficiency (OPE) of such irrigation project, at the design stage itself turns out in the range of 40 to 50 percent. But, in fact, due to various constraints the OPE during operation is only 20 to 35 percent.
2. QUALIFYING CRITERIA FOR PDN The pipeline distribution system shall be adopted when there is
Limited water command.
availability
Steep, uneven and undulated topography where canal system is uneconomical.
High losses due to evaporation, seepage and water thief.
Adoption of advance techniques for future development.
Farmer’s responses and acceptability.
Need for Crop diversification.
Need of Controlled irrigation for crops like orchards.
Black cotton soil in the reach of canal.
Availability of adequate fund.
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