International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar -2017
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Water Purification by Solar Energy under natural circulation mode Sudhir Dukare1, Prasad Hibare2, Shubham Koratkar3, Parmeshwar Takmoge4, Prof.Vikaskumar Mehtre5 1,2,3,4U.G.
Student (B.E), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anantrao Pawar College of Engineering & Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India1,2,3,4
Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, , Anantrao Pawar College of Engineering & Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The motivation for this project is the limited
contaminated water especially in developing nations where fuel is scarce or too expensive. Solar distillation is used to produce drinking water or to produce pure water for lead acid batteries, laboratories, hospitals and in producing commercial products such as rose water. Conventional boiling distillation consumes three kilowatts of energy for every gallon of water, while solar distillation uses only the free pure power of the sun. Expensive filtration and deionizing systems are even more expensive to purchase and use and will not totally purify the water by removing all contaminants. No additional heat or electrical energy is required in our still and even after the sun sets, distillation continues at a slower pace into the night.
availability of clean water resources and the abundance of impure water available for potential conversion into potable water. Our project goal is to efficiently produce clean drinkable water from solar energy conversion. To achieve this goal, a system was designed incorporating a parabolic solar trough coupled with a custom designed distillation device. The incoming solar radiation from the sun is focused and concentrated onto a receiver pipe using a parabolic trough, heating the incoming impure water, at which point it is sprayed into our custom designed distillation device where it evaporates and is re-condensed into pure potable water. Future goals for this project include calculation refinement, material research/testing, and fabrication.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Experimental Verification and Analysis of Solar Parabolic Collector for Water Distillation by Mr. Mohd. Rizwan , Mr. Md. Abdul Raheem Junaidi The paper is concerned with an experimental study of parabolic trough collector with its sun tracking system designed and manufactured to facilitate rapid diffusion and widespread use of solar energy. The paper focuses on use of alternative source of energy (through suns radiation) which is easy to install, operate and maintain.The development of a solar thermal water purification, heating, and power generation system: A case study.by Jerome E. Johnson Water was the working fluid and was pumped from a reservoir to an array of 2- 4 foot by 8 foot parabolic solar troughs. A flow control valve adjustable for temperature and pressure, allowed the pressure within the troughs to build, thus increasing the boiling point of the water. At a temperature greater than 100 degrees Celsius, a saturated liquid stream passed through the valve into a vessel that was positioned at the focal point of sunlight within an 8 foot, 9 inch parabolic dish. The flash evaporation occurred, caused by a reduction in pressure on the downstream side of the flow control valve.
Key Words: parabolic solar trough, potable water, solar radiation, distillation , solar energy conversion
1.INTRODUCTION Water is a basic necessity of man along with food and air. Fresh water resources usually available are rivers, lakes and underground water reservoirs. About 71% of the planet is covered in water, yet of all of that 96.5% of the planet's water is found in oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps and 0.001% in the air as vapor and clouds, Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is freshwater and 98.8% of that water is in ice and groundwater. Less than1% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes and the atmosphere. Distillation is one of many processes available for water purification, and sunlight is one of several forms of heat energy that can be used to power that process . To dispel a common belief, it is not necessary to boil water to distill it. Simply elevating its temperature, short of boiling, will adequately increase the evaporation rate. In fact, although vigorous boiling hastens the distillation process it also can force unwanted residue into the distillate, defeating purification.
3. OBJECTIVE
1. Efficiently produce at 2 gallons of potable water per
Solar Distillation is by far the most reliable, least costly method of 99.9% true purification of most types of
Š 2017, IRJET
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