International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 10 | Oct 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Review Paper on Effect of Different Curing Methods on the Durability of High-Performance Concrete in Marine Environment ANJALI KHARA1, PRASHANT BHUVA2, CHIRAG ODEDRA3, SHEKHAR PARMAR4, ASHISH KACHADIYA5 1PG student, Dr. Subhash University, Junagadh
2H.O.D, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Subhash University, Junagadh, Gujarat 3Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Subhash University, Junagadh, Gujarat
4Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Subhash University, Junagadh, Gujarat 5Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. Subhash University, Junagadh, Gujarat
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2. CURING METHODS AND THIEIR INFLUENCE ON Abstract – High-Performance Concrete (HPC) is essential for DURABILITY PARAMETERS resilient structures in aggressive marine environments, which are characterized by severe chloride ingress, sulfate attack, and freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs). Curing, which dictates the cementitious matrix's microstructure and pore network, is a pivotal factor in achieving HPC's inherent durability. This review synthesizes recent research on the impact of different curing methods—including standard, accelerated, internal, and short-term initial curing—on the performance of HPC and advanced cementitious materials when exposed to marine deterioration agents. Findings indicate that advanced curing techniques, particularly internal curing with Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) and accelerated methods like microwave curing, significantly enhance resistance to shrinkage, permeability, and sulfate attack. Furthermore, the incorporation of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) enables robust long-term chloride durability even under short initial curing regimes. This research underscores the need for tailored curing strategies to maximize the longterm durability of HPC in the demanding conditions of coastal and offshore infrastructure.
The selection of a curing method significantly impacts the microstructure of the concrete matrix, which directly governs its resistance to external ingress of aggressive ions.
Fig-1
Key Words: High-Performance Concrete (HPC), Marine Environment, Curing Methods, Chloride Ingress, Sulfate Attack, Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP), Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs), Durability.
2.1 INTERNAL CURING (IC) FOR MICROSTRUCTURE CONTROL Internal curing, typically achieved through the incorporation of Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP), is a vital strategy for HPC, particularly Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC), which suffers from high autogenous shrinkage.
1.INTRODUCTION Concrete structures in marine and coastal areas are subject to one of the most aggressive deteriorating environments, primarily due to the synergistic effects of chlorides, sulfates, moisture gradients, and freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs). The use of High-Performance Concrete (HPC), which often includes a high volume of SCMs and a low water-to-binder ratio, is mandatory for achieving the necessary durability. However, the superior performance of HPC is critically dependent on effective curing. Curing supplies the necessary moisture and temperature conditions for optimal cement hydration, thereby reducing permeability, refining the pore structure, and mitigating early-age cracking, which are all essential for marine durability.
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SAP functions by regulating early cement matrix hydration, absorbing water, and releasing it internally to ensure long-term stability and structural integrity.
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The combined application of SAP for internal curing and a Waterborne Epoxy Coating (WEC) for external protection has been shown to be highly effective against complex marine attacks, resulting in a significant reduction in mass loss and degradation
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