International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 04 | Apr 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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A Review of Privacy-Preserving Data Storage in Cloud Databases using Cryptographic Techniques Ashish Kumar Mishra1, Deepshikha2 1Master of Technology, Computer Science and Engineering, Lucknow Institute of Technology, Lucknow, India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lucknow Institute of Technology,
Lucknow, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Cloud databases have become the rapid
shifting their data to the cloud platforms to take advantage of these benefits. While this has however increased privacy and security concerns. Since the sensitive data is stored in third party servers, it increases the concern of unauthorized access, data breach and insider threat. Because of the cloud environment characteristics that are common and distributed, data confidentiality, integrity and availability have become top priorities. However, these challenges can be tackled using privacy preserving mechanisms, which enable users to securely store and process the data and also do not lose on functionality. This goal has been achieved using cryptographic techniques and offered strong solutions on how to protect data residing in a database in cloud.
Key Words: Privacy-Preserving Data Storage, Cloud Databases, Cryptographic Techniques, Homomorphic Encryption, Searchable Encryption, Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE), Data Confidentiality.
Figure-1: Cloud Databases using Cryptographic Techniques
adoption which has revolutionised the aspect of storing and management of the data with the help of scalability, flexibility and saving of cost. But this move has introduced a lot of privacy concerns, because a lot of sensitive data is stored and processed on third party servers. Confidentiality and integrity of data are of utmost importance in controlling risks involved in cloud environments like unauthorized access, data breach, insider threat, etc. Addressing the above challenges, cryptographic techniques have been proven as a cornerstone to provide privacy preserving storage of data without compromising on functionality. The present review paper analyzes techniques of cloud databases' cryptographic methods such as symmetric and asymmetric encryption, homomorphic encryption, searchable encryption, attribute based encryption (ABE), secure multi party computation (SMPC), differential privacy. We are then able to evaluate these techniques in their security, performance, and practicality, and specify strengths and shortcomings. Furthermore, we detail key challenges like computational overhead, key management and complying with regulatory standards. Finally we outlines future research direction such as post quantum cryptographic scheme, lightweight cryptographic scheme and integrated cryptographic scheme with artificial intelligence (AI) for better privacy preservation. The objective of this paper is to provide the researchers and practitioners with a solid background on the state of the art approaches for privacy preserving data storage in cloud databases and to suggest methods on their advancement.
1.2.Problem Statement But as you can see, all these advantages of cloud databases don’t necessarily mean that you are not faced with any challenges if you use such structures, especially in terms of data privacy. It is not easy to ensure that the sensitive data that are stored in the cloud is secure; with many risks such as an unauthorized access, data leakage, or even insider threats. Resources are also shared in the cloud: eavesdropping, and more dangerous side channel exploits are possible between customers being served by the same resource.) On top of these are legal and regulatory risks,
1.INTRODUCTION 1.1.Background and Motivation The role of cloud databases in modern computing is so huge that it can very well be described as a cornerstone of modern computing. Unparalleled scalability, flexibility, and cost efficiency for data storage and management are the usual themes that cloud databases play with. In recent times, organizations with their diverse business are
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