International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 04 | Apr 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Comprehensive Study on the Mechanisms of Pulse Autogenous TIG Welding for Improved Weld Penetration and Strength Ajay Kumar1, Shiv Kumar2 1M.Tech. (ME) Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Goel Institute of Technology and Management
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Goel Institute of Technology and Management
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------parameters such as pulse frequency, peak current, and Abstract- Pulse Autogenous Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding is a sophisticated and widely used technique in modern manufacturing, enabling high-quality welds without the need for filler material. This study investigates the impact of pulse welding parameters, including pulse frequency, peak current, and duty cycle, on weld penetration and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, and fatigue resistance. By analyzing experimental results using 304L stainless steel as the base material, this research demonstrates how optimized pulse parameters can enhance both penetration depth and the mechanical strength of the welds. Findings reveal that certain pulse settings yield improved heat distribution, reduced thermal distortion, and a finer microstructure, leading to stronger and more reliable welded joints.
duty cycle, the welding process can be fine-tuned to achieve deeper penetration, stronger joints, and enhanced mechanical properties. This study aims to investigate how these parameters affect the underlying mechanisms of Pulse Autogenous TIG welding and explore their influence on weld penetration, strength, and overall joint integrity.
Key Words: Pulse Autogenous Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), mechanical properties, tensile strength, hardness, and fatigue resistance etc.
Balasubramanian et al. (2009) emphasized that pulsed TIG welding can effectively minimize distortion and enhance bead profile, particularly in thin section components.
1. INTRODUCTION
Several studies have demonstrated that pulse parameters, such as peak current, base current, frequency, and duty cycle, play critical roles in achieving deeper weld penetration:
2. LITERATURE REVIEW Autogenous TIG welding, being filler-free, is heavily dependent on precise control over heat input and arc stability to achieve high-quality welds. Pulse TIG welding enhances this control through modulation of current, enabling better thermal management and weld quality.
Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding has long been a preferred method for joining materials in industries like aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding due to its high precision and clean, stable arc. Traditional TIG welding requires filler material to form a joint, but Pulse Autogenous TIG welding eliminates the need for filler material, which reduces material cost, minimizes spatter, and allows for better control over heat input. This is particularly advantageous for welding thin-walled structures where the risk of distortion or burn-through is high.
Sathiya et al. (2011) investigated the pulsed TIG welding of duplex stainless steel and found that increasing pulse frequency up to an optimum value enhanced penetration due to increased arc pressure and arc constriction. Kumar & Sundarrajan (2009) studied the effect of pulsed current on 304L stainless steel and reported that pulse current increased weld depth by as much as 30% compared to continuous current due to higher energy concentration during the peak cycle.
Pulse Autogenous TIG welding uses a periodic modulation of the welding current, typically alternating between a high peak current and a lower base current. This pulsing effect offers better control of the heat input to the weld pool, which in turn can improve the quality of the weld by reducing heat-affected zone (HAZ) width, increasing penetration, and minimizing defects like porosity and cracks.
Jayakumar et al. (2014) applied pulse TIG on titanium Grade 2 and demonstrated that the increased energy during peak cycles melted more base material, resulting in enhanced penetration while maintaining a narrow heataffected zone. Sharma & Dwivedi (2015) analyzed autogenous pulsed TIG welding of AISI 316L and found an improvement in bead penetration and mechanical properties. The study attributed the improvement to the periodic thermal
However, despite these advantages, optimal control of pulse parameters remains a challenge. By adjusting
© 2025, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.315
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 647