International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025 www.irjet.net
e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
VEHICLE SAFETY SUITE Mrs. S. S. Kolhe1, Gosavi Maithilee Atul2, Gomase Gayatri Bhaskar3, Gore Deepti Dattatray4 1 Associate Professor, Department of Electronics & Computer Engineering
2,3,4 Research Scholars, Department of Electronics & Computer Engineering 1,2,3,4 Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, A.Nagar, MH
------------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------controllers such as the Atmega 328P, the ESP32 reduces Abstract— This paper presents the design and
system complexity by eliminating the need for additional communication modules and supports scalable safety features [9], [10].
implementation of a comprehensive Vehicle Safety Suite aimed at enhancing passenger safety in public transportation systems. The proposed system integrates multiple sensors and control mechanisms to monitor critical parameters such as engine temperature, fire occurrence, vehicle speed, and emergency exit access. Central to the system is the ESP32 microcontroller, which enables realtime data processing, wireless communication, and autonomous response execution. In the event of abnormalities such as overheating, fire, or overspeeding, the system activates appropriate safety protocols including alarms, SMS alerts via GSM, GPS-based location tracking, automatic fire suppression, and emergency door control. A stable power supply with voltage regulation and battery backup ensures continuous operation even during power failures. The system also includes a user interface for monitoring and manual control, as well as event logging for post-incident analysis. The replacement of the Atmega 328P with the ESP32 results in improved efficiency, reduced hardware complexity, and better scalability. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s ability to provide timely responses, increase situational awareness, and enhance overall safety, making it a viable solution for deployment in modern intelligent transportation infrastructures.
Key safety parameters monitored by the suite include engine temperature, vehicle speed, and fire detection through dedicated sensors [11]. Engine temperature monitoring is crucial to prevent overheating, which can cause mechanical failure or fire hazards, while the fire sensor detects smoke or flames inside the cabin to trigger immediate countermeasures [12], [13]. Additionally, speed encoders ensure the vehicle maintains safe operating speeds, reducing accident risks linked to overspeeding [14]. The Vehicle Safety Suite is designed to provide autonomous safety responses. Upon detecting unsafe conditions, it activates audible alarms via buzzers, automatically deploys fire suppression mechanisms, and unlocks emergency exits through servo motor control for rapid evacuation [15], [16]. Furthermore, an emergency exit switch allows passengers to manually trigger safety protocols, sending alerts and opening exits to facilitate prompt evacuation [17].
Keywords- Vehicle Safety, ESP32 Microcontroller, Fire
Location tracking and communication capabilities are vital components of the system. The integrated GPS module provides real-time location data, while the GSM module transmits emergency alerts and coordinates to designated contacts or control centers, enabling swift emergency response [18], [19]. Additionally, the ESP32’s Wi-Fi functionality supports remote monitoring of vehicle status, allowing fleet operators and safety personnel to oversee vehicle health and respond proactively [20].
Detection, Real-Time Monitoring, Emergency Response.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Rapid urbanization and exponential growth in vehicular traffic have led to persistent traffic congestion and a corresponding rise in accidents within public transportation systems worldwide [1]. Ensuring passenger safety in such environments is paramount, necessitating the development of advanced vehicle safety solutions that can monitor, detect, and respond to hazards in real time [2], [3]. Conventional safety mechanisms often rely on manual intervention or simplistic alert systems, which may delay critical responses during emergencies such as fires, engine overheating, or overspeeding [4], [5].
Power reliability is critical for uninterrupted operation, particularly during vehicle power failures or emergencies [21]. The system employs a Lithium-Polymer (Li-Po) battery with a dedicated charging circuit to maintain power backup [22]. Voltage regulation and protection circuits, including LM7805 regulators and diode configurations, ensure stable voltage supply, prevent damage from voltage spikes, and protect against reverse polarity, safeguarding the sensitive electronics [23], [24].
To address these challenges, the Vehicle Safety Suite integrates multiple sensors and intelligent control units to provide comprehensive safety management tailored for public transport vehicles [6]. Central to this system is the ESP32 microcontroller, which offers enhanced processing power alongside embedded Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules, enabling seamless data collection, real-time processing, and wireless communication [7], [8]. Compared to legacy © 2025, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.315
In summary, the Vehicle Safety Suite presents a robust, multi-layered safety solution designed to enhance passenger protection, reduce accident risks, and improve emergency responsiveness in public transportation. By |
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 998