International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Investigation of The Mechanical Properties of Concrete With And Without the Addition of The Rice Husk Ash As An Additive Anish Baral Undergraduate Student, Civil Engineering Department, Oxford College of Engineering and Management, Nepal
---------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------- To verify the specific gravity (SG) of cement used in Abstract - The potential of using rice husk ash (RHA) in substitution of some of the cement in M35 grade concrete is investigated in this study. The goal is to preserve or improve concrete's performance while lessening cement's negative environmental effects. RHA was used at weight percentages of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% in place of cement. Compressive strength (CS) and flexural (FS) were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days, and workability was assessed using the slump test. Results show that the optimal performance was achieved at 15% RHA replacement, which provided higher compressive (46.5 N/mm²) and flexural strength (4.76 N/mm²) compared to control. However, workability reduced as RHA content increased. This indicates that RHA can effectively enhance strength properties if used in controlled proportions. The study concludes that RHA is a viable supplementary cementitious material in concrete production.
Key Words: Compressive Strength (CS), Flexural Strength
(FS), Slump Test (ST), Specific Gravity (SG), Cement Replacement, Sustainable Concrete, Pozzolanic Material
1. INTRODUCTION Concrete is the most widely used building material worldwide, and cement is its main binding agent (Aïtcin, 2000). However, the manufacturing of cement has a major impact on environmental deterioration and CO2 emissions. To cut down on cement usage, there has been an increasing interest in investigating supplemental cementitious materials (SCMs) in recent years. One such promising material is RHA, a by-product of rice milling industries. RHA is rich in silica and possesses pozzolanic properties, making it suitable for use in concrete (Antiohos, Papadakis, & Tsimas, 2014). This study examines how using RHA in different amounts to partially replace cement affects the qualities of concrete both when it is fresh and when it has hardened.
the mixes.
3. LITERATURE REVIEW RHA's high silica content and pozzolanic qualities have led to years of research into its use as an additional cementitious material. Chopra, Siddique, and Kunal (2015) emphasized that finely ground RHA enhances the durability and impermeability of concrete, making it more resistant to chemical attacks. According to Sathawane, Vairagade, and Kene (2013), adding up to 15% RHA in place of cement enhanced concrete's mechanical properties, especially its compressive strength, while lowering bleeding and segregation. Experiments by Bui et al. (2005) showed that RHA helps to improve the pore structure of concrete, which increases its strength and decreases its permeability. Zahedi, Ramezanianpour, and Ramezanianpour (2015) found that incorporating RHA increased flexural strength and reduced chloride permeability, especially when used in proportions less than 20%. These studies support the hypothesis that RHA can be a viable alternative to conventional cement, particularly when used in optimal amounts. However, it is also widely acknowledged that excessive replacement of cement with RHA may lead to a decline in workability and strength, primarily due to high water demanding nature and surface area.
4. MATERIALS AND METHODS 4.1 MATERIALS
2. OBJECTIVES
To examine how concrete's compressive and flexural strengths are affected when RHA is used in place of some of the cement. To assess the workability of RHA-based concrete using the slump test.
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4.2
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Cement: Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), specific gravity: 3.15
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RHA) Fine powder form
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Aggregates: Standard fine and coarse aggregates
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Water: Clean potable water used for mixing and curing
CONCRETE MIX DESING •
Concrete grade: M35
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Application of RHAs: 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% by weight of cement
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