International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 09 | Sep 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE BY USING COPPER SLAG & POLYPROPYLENE FIBRE IN CONCRETE KANCHANA BHARATHI1, Dr. D. SREEHARI RAO2 1 PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University College of Engineering, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. 2 Asst. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering Sri Venkateswara University College of Engineering, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - This study explores the use of copper slag, an industrial by-product from copper manufacturing, as a partial replacement for natural sand in concrete to address sustainability and environmental concerns. Various concrete mixes were evaluated for compressive, tensile, and flexural strength to determine the optimal copper slag content. Additionally, polypropylene fibers were incorporated at different volumes (0.5% to 2.0%) to enhance the mechanical properties of the concrete. The results indicated that 1.5% fiber content yielded the best overall performance, demonstrating significant improvements in strength compared to conventional concrete. Keywords: Natural sand, Copper slag, Polypropylene Fibre, Compressive Strength, Split tensile Strength and Flexural Strength of concrete.
INTRODUCTION Concrete serves as a fundamental element in modern infrastructure, essential for constructing buildings, bridges, roads, and various other structures. Made from a mix of cement, water, aggregates, and admixtures, it is known for its strength, durability, and adaptability. With global production exceeding 20 billion tons annually, concrete remains the most commonly used construction material. Its popularity stems from its cost-effectiveness and impressive structural properties, particularly its high compressive strength. However, rising environmental concerns and the demand for sustainable building practices have driven the development of more innovative and eco-friendly concrete solutions. The importance of concrete in modern society cannot be underestimated. Concrete is one of the seemingly simple but actually complex material. The properties of the concrete mainly depend on its constituents. The main important materials used for making concrete are cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water. The properties of cement, sand, crushed stone and water influences the quality of concrete. In addition to this, workmanship, quality control and method of placing also plays leading role on the properties of concrete. Cement acts as the main binder in concrete, providing strength and durability by holding aggregate particles together. Its primary use is in producing mortar and concrete for strong, long-lasting structures. With growing environmental concerns, utilizing industrial waste in construction has become a sustainable solution. Industries generate large amounts of waste, and incorporating these by-products—such as fly ash, copper slag, silica fume, and ground granulated blast furnace slag—into concrete not only reduces landfill pressure but also improves the material’s performance in both fresh and hardened states. Proper use of such materials helps conserve natural resources and minimizes environmental damage. Concrete, composed of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, and water, may include admixtures to further enhance its properties, with strength and durability depending on accurate mix proportions and proper compaction..
LITERATURE REVIEW
Abhisheka Honnakkalavar(2018) This study aims to evaluate the impact of using copper slag as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. An M25 grade concrete mix was used, and the physical properties of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and copper slag were examined for mix design. Concrete specimens were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength with copper slag replacing fine aggregate at varying levels: 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. The results showed that a 40% replacement yielded the highest
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