International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 11 Issue: 11 | Nov 2025
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e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FULL STACK WEB FRAMEWORKS FOR MODERN WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT Ranjan J G1, Sripadma R2 1PG Student, Department, Of Computer Applications, Jaya College Of Arts and Science, Thiruninravur, Tamilnadu,India 2Assistant Professor, Department, Of Computer Applications, Jaya College Of Arts and Science, Thiruninravur, Tamilnadu,India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - The evolution of web technology has driven 1.1 LITERATURE REVIEW developers toward unified frameworks that simplify the development of both client-side and server-side applications. Full Stack Web Frameworks have become the cornerstone of modern web development by integrating multiple technologies under a single ecosystem. This research paper analyzes three major full stack web frameworks — MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js), MEAN (MongoDB, Express.js, Angular, Node.js), and Django + React — based on parameters such as architecture, scalability, performance, development efficiency, and community support. Through experimental analysis and code implementation, the study demonstrates that the choice of a full stack framework significantly influences project speed, maintainability, and deployment performance.
Several studies and industrial reports highlight the growing dominance of full stack frameworks: - John & Roy (2022) analyzed that full stack frameworks reduce development time by 35–45% compared to separate frontend and back-end technologies. Kumar & Patel (2023) compared JavaScript-based frameworks and concluded that Node.js-based systems perform 20% faster under load due to non-blocking I/O architecture. Singh (2024) emphasized that Django provides superior security through built-in mechanisms such as CSRF tokens, authentication modules, and ORM-based query management. Zhang (2024) found that React and Angular outperform traditional templating engines due to their virtual DOM and component-based rendering.
Key Words: Full Stack Web Development, MERN Stack, MEAN Stack, Django, React.js, Node.js
1.2 FULL STACK WEB FRAMEWORKS ARCHITECTURE
1. INTRODUCTION In the era of digital transformation, full stack web development frameworks have become the backbone of modern web application development. These frameworks enable developers to build complete, end-to-end solutions that integrate both front-end and back-end technologies seamlessly. The demand for high-performance, scalable, and user-friendly web applications has led to the widespread adoption of various technology stacks such as MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js), MEAN (MongoDB, Express.js, Angular, Node.js), and Django+React.
A Full Stack Web Application typically consists of the following layers: Front-End, Back-End, Database, Middleware, and Deployment layers. Each plays a critical role in ensuring performance and scalability. 1.1 MERN Stack Components: MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js. Advantages: Unified JavaScript environment, scalability, open-source support. Limitations: No built-in security and complex state management.
Each of these full stack frameworks provides unique advantages. The MERN stack is widely known for its flexibility and full JavaScript environment, allowing developers to maintain consistency across the entire application. The MEAN stack offers a structured and welldefined architecture, suitable for large-scale enterprise applications requiring clear separation of concerns. On the other hand, Django+React combines the robust security and rapid development features of Django with the dynamic, component-based user interfaces of React, offering a powerful hybrid solution for modern development needs.
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Impact Factor value: 8.315
1.2 MEAN Stack Components: MongoDB, Express.js, Angular, Node.js. Advantages: Strong MVC architecture, good for large-scale apps. Limitations: Angular’s steep learning curve and frequent updates. 1.3 Django + React Stack Components: Django (Python), React.js, PostgreSQL/MySQL. Advantages: High security, built-in ORM, REST API support. Limitations: Uses two languages and has longer setup time.
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