International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 03 | Mar 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Using GIS in A Landslide-Prone Area Sanket S Motale1, Sampada S Urankar 2, 1Head of Civil Engineering Department Samajbhushan Eknathrao Dhakane College of Engineering Shevgaon
2Lecturer Civil Engineering Department Samajbhushan Eknathrao Dhakane College of Engineering Shevgaon
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstract - A computer-based tool for mapping and
evaluating geographical phenomena and occurrences on Earth is the geographic information system (GIS). Common database integration is a feature of GIS. It has functions like statistical analysis and inquiry. This feature sets GIS apart from other information systems and makes it useful for a variety of public and commercial businesses in terms of forecasting results, planning strategies, and explaining occurrences. Landslides, watershed management, urban planning, water resource engineering, and other areas are among the many uses of GIS in civil engineering. One of the natural disasters that involves the movement of rock, debris, and soil as a result of slope collapse and gravity is a landslide. There are fundamental causal factors that only determine the severity and degree of landslide episodes, which might vary. Water always plays a part in social movements. Slope collapse is frequently caused by human activities in addition to natural causes. It results in property damage, fatalities, and damage to buildings. The use of GIS for landslides is covered in this work. In order to prevent landslides, preventive measures are also recommended.
According to Varnes (1984), landslide hazard is the likelihood that landslides will occur inside a particular area and over a certain time period. Cruden (1991) defined a landslide as the movement of a mass of soil, rock, or debris down a slope. Scheidegger (1994) defined it as the likelihood that a situation that is relatively steady might change suddenly. The size, volume, and velocity of the anticipated landslide should be included in the definition, according to Guzzetti et al. (1999). Sharma (1996) underlined that the location and magnitude of a landslide should serve as the foundation for a thorough hazard assessment and mapping. Landslides are caused by many activities, such as falling, sliding, and flowing from one location to another, that cause materials made of rocks, soils, manmade fills, or a mix of these elements to move downhill and outward along surfaces of separation. Even while landslides are mostly associated with hilly terrain, they can also happen in places where open pit mining, surface excavation for structures, and roadways are conducted. The materials may move by slipping, spreading, toppling, dropping, or flowing. While some landslides happen quickly—in a matter of seconds—others may take hours, weeks, or even longer. Rainfall, earthquakes, geology, gravity, weather, groundwater, wave action, and human activity are all elements that can cause landslides. Landslides can happen in places with little relief, even though they usually happen on steep hills. Slope failures related to quarries and open-pit mining, cut-and-fill failures that may accompany construction and highway excavations, and ground collapse of river bluffs can all result in landslides. The word "landslide" refers to a broad range of processes that cause rock, soil, artificial fill, or a mix of these to move outward and downward and produce slopes. The materials can move by slipping, spreading, toppling, collapsing, or flowing. The sorts of material used and the way they travel may be used to distinguish between the different types of landslides. Table 1 displays a categorization scheme based on these criteria. Additional factors including the pace of movement and the amount of water, air, or ice in the landslide debris are included in other categorization schemes.
Key Words: GIS, landslide, civil, engineering, slope, failure.
1.INTRODUCTION The fundamental area of engineering that has many applications in people's daily lives is civil engineering. One computer-based technology that is helpful in many different industries is the Geographic Information System, or GIS. It has the ability to store data and process it to produce an output. Geotechnical engineering, watershed management, pollution monitoring, transportation management, architectural planning, and other areas of civil engineering all benefit from the use of GIS. One of the natural disasters that involves the movement of rock, debris, and soil as a result of slope collapse and gravity is a landslide. There are fundamental causal factors that only determine the severity and degree of landslide episodes, which might vary. Water always plays a part in social movements. Slope collapse is frequently caused by human activities in addition to natural causes. It results in property damage, fatalities, and damage to buildings. According to Van Westen et al. (2006), they are often separate processes that can happen frequently even if they may not be particularly substantial on their own.
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