01 BELOW AND BEYOND, BELONG AND BELONG-ING Speculative Railway Transformation in 2100
02 PRODUCTIVE CORRIDOR
Urban Forest System Planning for Near Future
03 LET’S DANCE WITH SOIL
Landfill Restoration for Costal Resilience
04 INTO THE WOODS OF REGENERATION
Cemetry Design for the nameless in Aging Forest
05 Design and Engineering Practice
Work Sampling during Three Internship
Speculative Railway Transformation in 2100
Athens Greece
Individual Studio Project|Advised by Bas Smets|Fall 2024
This project envisions the future transformation of Athens’ Metro Line 1 into a railway park system by 2100, responding to a projected 5°C temperature rise that will render much outdoor space unlivable.
The proposal reimagines the decommissioned metro as a connective landscape integrating two systems: the historic metro line and Athens’ largely invisible but culturally significant water networks.
The project uses mapping, sectionsal study and oblique drawings to extract a layered understanding traversing the ground.Nine prototypes integrate the metro and water systems for new landscapes, with reference to local materials and plants. Finally, the design is applied to two specific railway stations for a more livable, adaptive cityscape in Athens, 2100.
Photo of a Roman Drainage, now buried under Manosaki Station
Design Strategy
Integrated Railway-Water System
The context study through sections extract a layered understanding below the ground. The context matrix combines metro line and water system at different ground levels to explore the possibility of integrating these two systems for new landscape.
Context Matrix
1.Surfacewater
2.Groundwater
a.Railway Onground
3.Limestone Acquifer
b.Railway Semi-onground c.Railway Underground
Unconfined Acquifer
Upper Limestone and Karst Acquifer
Impermeable Rockbed
Confined Acquifer
Deep Limestone and Karst Acquifer
Covered River
Karst Acquifer
Water-Railway Matrix
Railway Level
Nine prototype designs incoprates different water system into railway at different ground levels. The use of water is also combined with strategies to create more microclimate comfort. These elements are extracted from local tradition and techniques with water and plants to create new public space rooted in athens ecological and cultural history.
Plan Ground Level
Google view of tree as underground water indicator
Photo of a spring under dwarf greens for public gathering
Photo of an ancient bath using underground water
Design Prototype
b. Railway Semi-underground
The railway semi-underground uses terrain wall for rainwater collection with climbing plants, daylighting with local pine trees and secret garden with springs under grape pavillions. This creates semi-open space that is common in local informal landscapes.
Plan Overview
b-1
b-2
b-3
The design for railway underground looks at larger infrastructure transformation below and beyond the metro stations. The design uses green roof with herb plants to collect water and reuse underground. The openings allows trees to grow from underground water while provides shades on ground. The swimming pool provides places for cooling in warmer climate.
c. Railway underground
c-1 Green Roof
c-1
c-2
c-3
station in Athens city center with a plaza onground and two underground levels. There is also buried river and karst acquifer under the soil layer.
Onground Level Plan
Undergound One Level Plan
Urban
Charlestown, Boston
Individual Studio Project|Advised by Claire Fellman|Spring 2024
The project envisions an urban forest system within a neighborhood to address island flooding and urban heat island. It revitalizes underutilized urban spaces, fostering walkable, connected communities.
The design integrates three forest types-pollution barriers, urban groves, and community gardens-seamlessly into the urban fabric. These forests are planned in coordination with transportation, housing, and public spaces.
Beyond climate resilience, the urban forests are productive spaces that support social activities. The tree species are centered on nuts trees. Tree growth influences microclimates, understory vegetation, and vegetable crops, while their seasonal yields inspire communal events. With their maturation over 10, 20, or 30 years, the urban forests envisions a shared future for long-term sustainability and community growth.
Explosive Axon of Public Garden, Urban Grove and Forest Barrier
a.Forest Barrier b.Urban Grove
c.Community Garden d.Green Roof
Greenhouse
Forest System From Highway to Neigborhood
Spatial System
Three Forest Typologies and Urban Fabric
The project proposes three types of forests-tree barriers along the highway and streets for pollution prevention, nut-berry forests at old industrial spaces and open spaces for gathering, and halzenut garden near to the housings. These three type takes use of different current idle spaces and embeded forests into urban fabric from small scale to large scale.
Forest Typology System
b. Community Garden and Housing
a.Tree Barrier
-Rain Water Collection -Pollution Barrier -Along Highway and Street
b.Nut-Berry Forest
-Urban Grove for Public Event -Adjust Heat Island -Long-term Productivity
c. Halzenut Garden
-Embeded in Dense Area -Support Community Activity
The proposed forest system is gradually transitioned from forest barriers along highway and previous industrial area, to urban groves, and to community gardens of different scales embeded in uran areas.
Microclimate, Productivity and Evolution over Time
The design looks at the microclimate of sunshine and rainwater for the griding and gaping of the trees. The projects envisions the growth of different forests and their shade patterns and yields.
Year 10
Community Garden with Halzenut Tree
and Oaks
Year 30-40
Maturation of Larger Nut Trees
Autumn: Halzenut Harvest Event at Courtyard Winter: Picnic at Greenhouse
Summer: Streetlife and Farm Market under Tree
Spring: Food Shuttle and Seasonal Planting Activity
LET’S DANCE WITH SOIL
Landfill Restoration for Costal Resilience
Sangus, Boston
Individual Studio Project|Advised by Rosalea Monacella|Fall 2023
What lies beneath the soil often remains unseen and unknown. At Saugus Marsh, a site transitioning from mineral excavation to landfill accumulation, rising sea levels now threaten to unearth heavy metal pollution buried within the soil. Dance, as a metaphor, reflects the act of synchronizing with the rhythms of others—an act of collective awareness and adaptation.
Tdens along the vulnerable coastline. These gardens evolve through photomediation, plant growth, and soil erosion, morphing and relocating in response to rising sea levels. Acting as agents of change, the gardens reveal the history of soil contamination, represent ongoing processes within the soil, and foster the regeneration of new, healthier soil.
Silt Accumulation and Erosion with Tidal Movement
Bioindicator Garden Area Below Sea Garden Stage II Plant Nursery
+ Landfill
+ Sangus Marsh
Bioindicator Garden 2030-2050
Soil Formation and Metal Pollution
The landfill and mining activities brought large metal pollution into the soil. However, there is currently no monitor at the Sangus Marsh. With the sealevel rise, the pollutions may be brought into water.
Aggregate Quarry and Soil Excavation
Sangus Marsh and Soil Accumulation
The diagram explores how human shaped the soil and buried invisible pollution histocially and proposes a new waste mangement system with diverse labor for soil remediation, recording and regeneration.
Photo of an interactive physical copy, revealing the pollution under soil
Phase 1. Monitor the Soil-Soil Study and Phytomining
Phase 2. Trace the Soil-Harvest and Plant Migration
Year 20. Dance with Soil-Spontaneous Emergence
Design Detail
Bioindicator Garden Phases
The design uses different hyperaccumulator plants to trace, mediate the soil and produce new soils. Through the time, these plants will morphy with the metal level, harvest rate, and soil movement with tide.
1. Monitor the Soil
Soil Monitor and Radius
Different Hyperaccumulator Plants of one Metal
Phrase 2. Trace the soil-Phytomining and Harvest
Inmoblized Metal by Tree Roots
Density Change with Harvest Rate
Phrase
Spontaneous Pollution-sensitive Plant
Phrase 3. Migration, Mixture and New Life
Year 20. Plant Islands Sediment Accumulation with Tidal Movement
Cemetry Design for the nameless in Aging Forest INTO THE WOODS OF REGENERATION
Franklin Park, Boston, US
Individual Studio Project|Advised by Amy Whitesides|Spring 2023
Challenging the illusion of permanence, the project embraces death as a catalyst for ecological, emotional, and social regeneration, with trees as a medium.
Through managed disturbance, the aging canopy of Franklin Park becomes both the setting for burial and remembrance and the site of ecological and social renewal. Natural burials using fungi coffins transform human remains into nutrients, supporting new tree growth and linking individuals through an underground network of roots.
Linear clearings, marked by flowering understory trees and paths, radiate from a heritage tree, symbolizing the life cycle’s rise, fall, and rebirth. Over time, these clearings fade into the canopy, creating a dynamic memorial that evolves with the forest, honoring collective and individual memory.
Tree as the Medium between Life and Death
Woods of Regeneration
Canopy Clearance and Natural Burial System
Phase One
Phase One
with Burial Cycle
Phase Three
Current Canopy to a Heritage Tree
Canopy Clearance with Flowering Tree Burial Planted
Mycelium Coffin Decomposition as Nutritions for New LIfe
Emergence of New Tree with Canopy Opening for Sunshine
Place for Lying under Existing Heritage Tree
Seat made by Recyled Trunk
Engraved Paving with Name of Tree and the Dead
Redbud
Prairifire Crabapple
Hamamellis Mollis
American Plum
Flowering Dogwood
Project Locations, Shanghai, China
1.Garden Deisgn, Construction and Maintenance Group Work|Fall 2021
2.Police Station Design at Historical Urban District(Built Project) Individual Work|Intern in AMJ 2021
3.Jiaxing River Green Corridor Planning Group Work|Intern in EADG 2024
4.Enginering Design of a Linear Park|Group Work|Spring 2021
4-1 Plan of a Brick Puzzle
4-2 Section Detail of Slope and Step
4-3 Section Detail of Water Feature
5. Public Plaza Design at Historical and Cultural District, Shanghai | Intern in 2021 (Chief Designer|Team Member:Tingguang Lan)
The design needs to address intricate grading, drainage and transportation reorginzation issue. The project also includes paving design, inspired by the historical context of the site.
Terrtorial Commons
Mapping Narratives in
the Shifting Extractive Landscapes
Research and Representation Project|Seminar Advised by Rosalea Monacella|Fall 2024
The dry forest system in south east Tasmania is composed of several species from eucalyptus family and native shrubs and grasses. These species jointly maintain the water cycle, soil health and carbon exchange. Animals and indigenous people find their shelthers and foods within the forest.
After being discovered by French biologist, the eucalyptus, especially eucalyptus globulus became a resource of industry. Timber industry, pulp industry and oil industry of eucalyptus developed under the market-based capatalism.
The scientific management of forestry and agriculture split plants into separate domains according to the market demands, which results in the erasure of certain species and associated knowledges. The landscape became fragmented.
Due to Eucalyptus’ flammability and high demand for water, eucalyptus monoculture has exacerbated wildfire and the drought of land. The global demand is still increasing while the land is burning.
Into the Woods Banyan Tree growing from Wall
Mushroom-like Canopy of Ginko Sculptural Character of Yew Marvelous Roots of Banyan Tree
