STRENGTH STUDIES ON BANANA FIBRE CONCRETE WITH COPPER SLAG AND ZEOLITE POWDER by IRJET Journal

STRENGTH STUDIES ON BANANA FIBRE CONCRETE WITH COPPER SLAG AND ZEOLITE POWDER

1 Sk.Sahera, 2 J.Sree Naga Chaitanya, 3 Dr.K.Chandramouli, 4Kaki Vinitha Sri

1,2 Assistant Professor, 3Professor & HOD, 4B. Tech Student 1,2,3&4 Department of Civil Engineering, NRI Institute of Technology, Visadala (V), Medikonduru (M), Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA ***

Abstract:

The properties of concrete reinforced with banana fibers that contains copper slag and zeolite powder are experimentally investigated in this work. Because of its high tensile strength and environmental friendliness, banana fiber a naturally occurring substance that is collected from banana plants shows promise as a reinforcement in concrete. In this investigation, different concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% of banana fiber are added to the concrete. At 20%, 40%, and 60% concentrations, copper slag a byproduct of copper extraction is utilized to partially replace cement. At levels of 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%, zeolite powder a microporous alumino silicate mineral is added as a supplement to enhance the qualities of the concrete and partially replace fine aggregate for 28, 56, and 90 days to assesssplittensilestrengthandcompressivestrength.

Key words: Banana Fibre, Copper slag, Zeolite Powder , Environmental, Compressive strength, Split tensile strength

1. INTRODUCTION

One of the most popular building materials in the modern world,concreteisprizedformorethansimplyits adaptability.Itisthematerialofchoiceforbuildingdueto its strength, affordability, durability, and versatility. Concrete is therefore acknowledged as a reliable and securesubstance that may be used in a variety of ways. It is frequently utilized in residential buildings, multistory business buildings, and infrastructure projects including highways and bridges. In order to construct load-bearing components like slabs, beams, and columns, concrete is essential. Cement, water, aggregates (such sand and gravel), and occasionally admixtures or additives to enhanceperformanceareitsmaincomponents.

Aninventivestrategytoimproveperformanceand sustainability is the use of copper slag in concrete as a partial substitute for cement. Because of its pozzolanic

qualities, copper slag a byproduct of the manufacture of copper offers an environmentally benign substitute for conventional cement and adds strength and durability to concrete. In addition to lowering the environmental impact of producing concrete, this technique efficiently repurposesindustrialwastebysubstitutingcopperslagfor some of the cement, usually at concentrations between 20% and 60%. This method preserves or even enhances themechanicalqualitiesofconcretewhileloweringcarbon emissions, conserving natural resources, and possibly loweringbuildingcosts.

Asustainable method for improving thelongevity and functionality of concrete is to partially substitute zeolite powder for fine aggregate. The high silica content, pozzolanic activity, and capacity to increase the strength andresiliencetochemicalattacksofconcretemakezeolite, a microporous aluminosilicate mineral, valuable. Zeolite powder,usuallyinproportionsbetween3%and12%,can be used to partially replace fine aggregate (such as sand) in concrete to improve binding qualities and create a denser microstructure, which lowers permeability and increases durability. This method offers potential advantages for structural applications, particularly in areasthatdemandhighdurabilityandchemicalresistance, in addition to using environmentally acceptable materials andreducingtheconsumptionofnaturalresources.

Banana fiber, which is made from the stems of banana plants, is a natural, environmentally friendly reinforcement that improves the mechanical properties and sustainability of concrete. It is a great substitute for synthetic fibers in construction because of its high tensile strength,lowweight,andbiodegradability.Whenaddedto concrete in different concentrations (usually 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%), banana fiber increases the material's tensile strength, crack resistance, and flexibility, which can prolong the lifespan of concrete structures and lower maintenance costs. This method not only repurposes agricultural waste, but also supports green building initiatives by reducing the environmental impact of constructionandrelianceonnon-renewableresources.

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2. OBJECTIVES

1. Examine how adding zeolite powder, banana fiber, and copper slag affects the concrete's strength, flexibility, and abilitytowithstandcracks.

2. To improve concrete's mechanical qualities, namely its compressiveandtensilestrength.

3. MATERIALS

3.1 Cement: Cement is a finely ground powder composed ofablendofclay,limestone,andothermineralsthat,when mixedwithwater,gothroughachemicalprocessknownas hydrationtocreateasolidbindingsubstance.Itisthemain component of concrete, giving different buildings stability and strength. Since the production of cement uses a lot of energy and releases a lot of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, finding sustainable substitutes and additions is crucial to lessening its negative effects on the environment.

3.2 Fine aggregate: Sand or small particles that fit through a 4.75 mm screen make up fine aggregate, a building ingredient. It adds smoothness and structural stability to concrete or asphalt by filling in the spaces between larger particles. The mixture's workability and polishareenhancedbyfineaggregates.

3.3 Coarse aggregate: Larger particles, typically broken stoneorgravel,thataretrappedona4.75mmfiltermake up coarse aggregate. In concrete, it serves as the main load-bearing component and gives the mixture bulk, strength, and longevity. In concrete buildings, coarse aggregate decreases shrinkage and increases overall stability..

3.4 Water: Waterisanessentialbuildingcomponentfora numberofconstructionprocesses,suchasmixingcement, making mortar, and curing. The quality of the water used directly affects the strength and durability of cement concrete and mortar, which in turn affects the overall performanceoftheproject.

3.5 Zeolite powder: Natural or artificial zeolites, which are crystalline aluminosilicate minerals, are used to make zeolite powder, a fine, porous mineral powder. It is extensively utilized for purification, catalysis, and ionexchange in a variety of industrial and environmental applicationsduetoitsstrongcation-exchangecapacityand adsorption qualities. Additionally,by increasing durability and decreasing shrinkage, zeolite powder improves the performanceofcementandconcrete.

3.6 Copper Slag: A byproduct of the copper smelting process, which separates impurities from molten copper, iscopperslag.Itisagranularsubstancethatisfrequently used in construction as an abrasive in blasting and as a sandsubstituteinconcrete.Byrecyclingindustrialwaste, copper slag improves the strength and durability of concrete and contributes to sustainable waste management.

3.7 Banana Fibre: Knownforitsstrength,resilience,and biodegradability, banana fiber is a naturally occurring fiber that is taken from the pseudo stems of banana plants. It is utilized in eco-friendly materials, ropes, and textiles and resembles bamboo fiber in texture and appearance. Because of its lightweight and environmentally friendly qualities, this sustainable fiber is also utilized in composites for the building and automotiveindustries.

4. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

4.1 Compressive strength

The compressive strength of cubes is the measure of a material’s ability to withstand crushing loads without failure, typically assessed in concrete. It is determined by applying a gradually increasing load to a concrete cube until it fails,usuallymeasured in megapascals(MPa). This strength is a crucial property in construction, indicating theconcrete’sabilitytobearstructuralloads.\

Table 1: Compressive strength results of concrete with zeolite powder as a partial replacement for fine aggregate.

Sl.no

Zeolite Powder

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Table 2: Compressive strength results of concrete with Copper slag as a partial replacement for Cement. Sl.no

Table 5: Split tensile strength results of concrete with zeolite powder as a partial replacement for fine aggregate.

Table 3: Compressive strength results of concrete with the addition of banana fiber

Sl.no % of Banana fibre

Compressive Strength Results, N/mm2

2 0.5% 31.56 34.39 36.92

Table 4: The combined replacements of 9% zeolite powder as a substitute for fine aggregate, 40% copper slag as a replacement for cement, and the addition of 1% banana fibre result in improved compressive strength.

Table 6: Split tensile strength results of concrete with Copper slag as a partial replacement for Cement. SL.no

Copper Slag

4.2 Split tensile strength

Split tensile strength is a measure of a material’s tensile (pulling) resistance, determined by placing a concrete cylinder horizontally in a testing machine. A compressive load is applied along the cylinder's length until it splits vertically,measuringtensilestrengthindirectly.Thistestis crucial for assessing concrete’s resistance to cracking undertension.

Table 7: Split tensile strength results of concrete with the addition of banana fiber

Banana Fibre

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Table 8: The combined replacements of 9% zeolite powder as a substitute for fine aggregate, 40% copper slag as a replacement for cement, and the addition of 1% banana fibre result in improved split tensile strength.

5. CONCLUSION:

1. The typical compressive strength values for normal concrete are 27.43 N/mm² at 28 days , 29.85 N/mm² at 56daysand32.06N/mm²at90days

2. With an optimum 9% zeolite powder as a partial replacementforfineaggregate,thecompressivestrength values are 30.36 N/mm² at 28 days, 33.09 N/mm2 at 56 daysand35.33N/mm2at90days.

3. With an optimum 40% copper slag as a partial replacementforcement,thecompressivestrengthvalues are 31.32 N/mm² at 28 days, 34.17 N/mm² at 56 days and36.64N/mm²at90days.

4. With an optimum addition of 1% banana fiber in concrete, the compressive strength values are 33.97 N/mm² at 28 days, 37.02 N/mm² at 56 days and 39.75 N/mm²at90days.

5. The combined replacements of 9% zeolite powder as a replacement for fine aggregate, 40% copper slag as a replacement for cement, and the addition of 1% banana fiber result in compressive strength values of 37.42 N/mm² at 28 days, 40.78 N/mm² at 56 days and 43.49 N/mm²at90days.

6. The typical split tensile strength values for normal concrete are 2.71N/mm² at 28 days, 2.96 N/mm² at 56 daysand3.11N/mm²at90days.

7. With an optimum 9% zeolite powder as a partial replacement for fine aggregate, the split tensile strength values are 3.34 N/mm² at 28 days, 3.59 N/mm² at 56 daysand3.86N/mm²at90days.

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8. With an optimum 40% copper slag as a partial replacement for cement, the split tensile strength values are 3.14 N/mm² at 28 days, 3.42 N/mm² at 56 days and 3.67N/mm²at90days.

9. With an optimum addition of 1% banana fiber in concrete, the split tensile strength values are 3.35 N/mm² at 28 days, 3.64 N/mm² at 56 days and 3.93 N/mm²at90days.

10.The combined replacements of 9% zeolite powder as a replacement for fine aggregate, 40% copper slag as a replacement for cement, and the addition of 1% banana fiberresultinsplittensilestrengthvaluesof 3.85N/mm² at28days,4.19N/mm²at56daysand4.56N/mm²at90 days.

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