International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 01 | Jan 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Enhancement of Heat Transfer with TiO2-Water Nanofluid Jet Impingement: A Critical Review Nasir Alam1, Ankit Goyal1, Gaurav Goswami1 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technocrats Institute of Technology and Science
Anand Nagar, BHEL Opposite Hathaikheda Dam, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462021 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Jet impingement cooling is a well-researched
approach increases heat transmission by requiring some external power input. Some examples of active methods include fluid vibration, surface vibration, jet impingement, suction or injection, mechanical assistance, and induced pulsation by cams and reciprocating plungers. The enhancement is achieved through utilizing an external power source or activator. The compound method, which includes rough surfaces with twisted tapes, fluid vibration, and a swirl flow device, is a combination of passive and aggressive techniques.
method used to achieve high heat transfer rates, with applications in areas like electronics cooling, turbine blades, and nuclear reactors. The addition of nanofluids, especially TiO₂-water nanofluids, has proven to significantly improve heat transfer efficiency by enhancing convective heat transfer and promoting better thermal conductivity. This review investigates the performance of nanofluids of TiO₂ and water in cooling systems that use jet impingement., considering the main factors that influence heat transfer. It also examines the latest advancements in research and discusses the potential future developments in this area. The analysis highlights the importance of parameters such as nanoparticle concentration, flow conditions, and surface characteristics in optimizing the advantages of heat transfer in nanofluids. It also describes the obstacles and possibilities for additional refinement and incorporation of TiO₂-water nanofluids into useful jet impingement cooling applications.
Key Words:
Fluids should have low viscosity, high volumetric heat capacity, and high thermal conductivity for optimal heat transfer performance. They must also be safe, economical, non-corrosive, and environmentally friendly. The fact that energy-efficient heat transfer fluids, which are essential for high-performance cooling, are intrinsically less heatconductive than conventional coolants like water, oil, and EG, is one of the primary challenges in developing them. The coefficient that quantifies the speed at which heat moves from the heat transfer medium to the heat transfer surface is referred to as the heat transfer coefficient is significantly impacted by the thermal conductivity of conventional coolants, making them inherently poor heat transfer fluids. In recent years, numerous methods have been developed to suspend nanoparticles in these fluids to improve their thermal conductivity, which are liquids with typical diameters less than 100 nm. These liquids are referred to as "nanofluids." In addition to lowering emissions, the greenhouse gas effect, and the potential for global warming, the usage of nanofluid will save energy. The stability of nanofluids, which is correlated with the appropriate dispersion of nanoparticles, determines their performance. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), a surfactant, is added to a nanofluid to lower surface tension, keep nanoparticles from clumping in a base fluid, and keep the base fluid in which the nanoparticles are suspended stable.
Nano fluid, Heat Transfer, TiO₂-water
nanofluids
1.INTRODUCTION Within thermal engineering, heat transfer is a crucial field that focusses on the production, use, transformation, and interchange of thermal energy, or heat, between various systems. It is divided into a number of mechanisms, such as radiation, convection, thermal conduction, and energy transfer during phase transitions. Energy conservation, material sustainability, thermal regulation, and system compactness all depend on effective heat transport. The need for more efficient heat exchange systems has grown due to technological advancements and the optimisation of industrial processes. Microelectronics, power electronics, nuclear energy, air conditioning, transportation, aerospace, renewable energy, chemical engineering, and other industrial processes are just a few of the many industries that use heat transfer. Three main strategies are employed to increase heat transfer rates: passive, active, and combination strategies.
1.1 Nanofluid
By adding inserts or other devices, the passive technique typically modifies the channel's flow geometrically or on the surface. For instance, add fluid additives, coiled tubes, surface tension devices, extended surfaces, displacement augmentation devices, treated surfaces, rough surfaces, swirl flow devices, and additional components. The active
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Conventional heat transfer fluids such as air, water, lubricating oil, and ethylene glycol have much lower thermal conductivities than metals and metal oxides. In order to improve the special qualities of liquid coolants, this restriction is frequently overcome by adding additives
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