International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 02 | Feb 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Dynamic EV-Charging V2V Power Sharing Dr. S.M. Kannan 1, S. Joshua2, K.B. Lakshmi Narayanan3, R. Kaushal4, R.R. Dhaya Vishnu5 1 Prof & HOD/EEE, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, K.L.N. College of Engineering,
Tamil Nadu, India
2, 3, 4, 5 UG Scholar, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, K.L.N. College of Engineering,
Tamil Nadu, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Electric vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) charging allows EVs to share energy, but current solutions have limitations. Off-board V2V systems increase cost and require additional space, while on-board methods using type-2 chargers suffer from inefficient power conversion. This work introduces a direct battery-to-battery V2V charging method that utilizes type-2 AC charger input ports and switches, bypassing active rectifiers to reduce conversion losses and improve efficiency. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and a scaled experimental prototype.
other hand, on-board type-2 charger-based V2V power transfer involves multiple conversion stages, resulting in energy losses due to redundant power processing. These challenges emphasize the need for a more efficient, costeffective, and streamlined approach to V2V energy transfer. This work introduces an innovative V2V charging method that enables direct battery-to-battery energy transfer between two EVs using type-2 AC charger input ports and switches. Unlike conventional methods that depend on active rectifiers for power conversion, this approach eliminates unnecessary rectification and conversion stages. By utilizing a minimal number of switches, the system establishes a direct energy transfer pathway, significantly reducing power losses and improving overall efficiency.
Keywords- Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Charging-Electric Vehicle (EV), Direct Battery Connection, Power Transfer Efficiency, Type-2 AC Charger.
1.INTRODUCTION Electric vehicles (EVs), which use electric motors instead of gasoline engines, have gained significant popularity, especially among those committed to environmental sustainability. However, many may not realize that EV technology dates back to the early 19th century. While the exact origins of the first EV remain uncertain, electric motors were already in use in the early 1800s. In 1828, Anyos Jedlik developed a small-scale model car powered by an electric motor. Later, between 1832 and 1839, Scottish inventor Robert Anderson built a larger electric motor that was used to drive a carriage.
To evaluate the feasibility of this method, a comprehensive MATLAB/Simulink simulation is conducted to examine different V2V charging scenarios. Furthermore, a scaled experimental prototype is developed to validate its real-world applicability. The results demonstrate that the direct battery connection approach provides a highly efficient and practical solution for V2V power transfer, paving the way for more advanced and optimized EV charging technologies.
Although these early electric vehicles did not achieve widespread adoption, they inspired further innovation. In 1835, two small-scale electric vehicles were independently developed—one in Holland and another in the United States by Thomas Davenport. Davenport later built the first battery-powered electric car, but the use of non-rechargeable batteries severely limited its range. Over time, inventors such as French engineer Gaston Planté worked on improving battery technology, yet practical EVs remained out of reach.
On-board Type-1 and Type-2 electric vehicle (EV) chargers generally consist of an AC-to-DC converter (active rectifier) stage, followed by a DC-DC converter responsible for constant current and constant voltage (CCCV) charge control. A vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) charging method can be implemented by connecting the input ports of two Type-1 chargers, as shown in Figure 1(a). In this approach, the provider EV’s battery supplies DC power, which is first converted into single-phase AC using its bidirectional Type-1 charger. This AC output is then used as the input for the receiver EV’s Type-1 charger, which converts it back to DC to charge its battery. However, this method results in energy losses due to multiple conversion stages, reducing overall charging efficiency.
2. PROPOSED METHOD
In modern EV technology, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) charging systems primarily depend on either offboard power-sharing interfaces or on-board type-2 chargers. While off-board solutions offer flexibility, they come with added cost and space requirements. On the
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