Issuu

CMY

6 16 20 28 30 34 42 46 54 62 70 78 82 88 92 96 100 104 108 110 116 118

POCKET START THE SLOVENE ALPHABET SLOVENE GRAMMAR IN 7 STEPS GREETINGS GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER BASIC EXPRESSIONS NUMBERS TIME TRAFFIC TOURISM IN THE RESTAURANT FRUIT AND VEGETABLES IN THE SHOP / AT THE STORE SERVICES PROBLEMS HEALTH WEATHER YOU AND I IN SLOVENIA WITH CHILDREN IN SLOVENIA ON BUSINESS SLOVENIA IN THE EU TAKING SLOVENIA HOME

9 789612 376871

POCKET SLOVENE

ovitek_angl_ZDA.ai 1 21.10.2014 18:56:53

POCKET SLOVENE

Žepna sloven ščina

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 1

21.10.2014 19:00:15

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 3

POCKET SLOVENE ŽEPNA SLOVENŠČINA

Ljubljana 2014

21.10.2014 19:00:15

POCKET START

Pocket Slovene Of course, you cannot put Slovene in your pocket, for it is a big language you can use to describe the whole world – either as it is or as you would like it to be. But if you would like to learn about the part of the world, where Slovene is at home, then having this book in your pocket will be a great help. How? In many ways. Perhaps one July day you will be waiting in the garden of a Slovene restaurant downtown for the tables and chairs to dry after a thunderstorm. Order yourself a glass of Cockta (a Slovene Coke – give it a try, it is caffeine free), take the book from your pocket and turn to a favourite/favorite page. For example, page 96. You read oko, eye; uho, ear. Then go to page 58: levo, left; desno, right. Good. Now use your levo in desno oko, levo in desno uho: look around to see if there are any signs in Slovene and listen to see if you can recognize any words among the chatting at the tables … look levo and desno. If anyone is looking at you in a friendly way, say: dober dan. If they ask you to join them, say: o, hvala! If they ask if you want a drink, say: ja, prosim. And when they find out, that you are getting to know Slovene they will most likely immediately start a special Slovene course just for you. If you do well, they will say: bravo – and you will know a Slovene word that isn't even in your book. You can follow the same scenario in the winter, at a mountain lodge, only

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 6

21.10.2014 19:00:15

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 7

ŽEPNI ZAČETEK

this time we recommend you order čaj. Or in the middle of Ljubljana or Maribor – although there it is more likely that people will want to speak English to you. But why should you even bother with Slovene? If you are reading this, you probably already know the answer. Because you are curious and it seems like an interesting language that in addition to a singular and plural also has a dual, and which developed where the Slavic, Romance and Germanic cultures meet. If you are still in doubt, let us tell you something: although we Slovenes are proud of our knowledge of foreign languages, we are still very happy when foreign visitors speak at least a little slovensko to us. Of course, you will also come across people who do not know a foreign language, especially if you go outside the towns and away from the main tourist routes (which we strongly recommend). There are also many signs and other texts that you will find written only in Slovene. In other words, with Pocket Slovene a great many more doors will be open to you in Slovenia than without it. Can you get Slovene from your pocket into your head? And into your ears and mouth? Of course you can. You won't be the first or the last. And when basic phrases no longer seem enough and you want to have a more thorough grounding in modern Slovene, we have a suggestion: an intensive summer or winter course in Slovene, with a rich and lively accompanying

21.10.2014 19:00:15

POCKET START

programme/program, is only a click away at www.centerslo.net. And you will know Slovene like the "inside of your pocket" (as we say in Slovene), or, as the English saying has it, like the back of your hand!

User guidelines Before you begin in earnest, just a few words on how to find your way around this booklet. On the following pages, there are some interesting facts about Slovenia, its people, and the language. Then there is the Slovene alphabet, followed by the grammar of the language in seven steps. The main part of the booklet consists of 21 chapters, containing the most urgently needed words and phrases.

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 8

21.10.2014 19:00:15

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 9

ŽEPNI ZAČETEK

At the end of some chapters, under the heading "Did you know …?," you will find points of interest and hints about particular aspects of Slovene culture to help you avoid culture shock. As a rule, in phrases the formal mode of address is used (although we all know that there is also an informal one). Wherever possible, both feminine and masculine forms are given (you can read a bit about the political correctness of Slovene, pocket or otherwise, on the following pages). The symbol / denotes alternatives and British/American English words, the symbol ... a free choice of words with phrases. Finally, as we are sure that you will be speaking Slovene out loud, you are bound to welcome this bit of information: for every word with more than one syllable the stress is marked in bold.

21.10.2014 19:00:15

POCKET START

Slovene is one of the smallest languages into which Microsoft Office has been translated. Slovene is the official language of the Republic of Slovenia; since 1st May 2004 it has also been an official language of the European Union. Almost two million people in Slovenia speak Slovene, and it is also spoken outside Slovenia's borders by several hundred thousand members of the Slovene minorities in Italy, Austria, Hungary, and Croatia, as well as by Slovenes living in Argentina, Australia, Canada, the U.S. and many European countries. Slovene is certainly not a small language: in terms of the numbers of speakers it is in the top 3% of the world's languages. By using Pocket Slovene you are increasing that percentage. Slovene is a Slavic language, which means that if you speak Slovene, you are only a step away from 400 million speakers of these languages. There are around fifty Slovene dialects, which are sometimes so different that their speakers have difficulties understanding each other (so it is a good thing we have the standard language to fall back on).

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 14

21.10.2014 19:00:16

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 19

SLOVENSKA ABECEDA

car

museum

bank

nose

tsunami

opera, yawn

chips

police

document

reception

lemon, echo

sandwich

film

shop

gallery

taxi

hotel

moon

internet

video

yogurt

zebra

coffee

treasure

lemon

21.10.2014 19:00:16

SLOVENE GRAMMAR IN 7 STEPS

1. Slovene is romantic. As well as singular and plural forms, it also has a dual form. singular

dual

plural

sedi

sedita

sedijo

sedeti (to sit) singular

dual

plural

jaz sedim I am sitting

midva sediva the two of us are sitting

mi sedimo we are sitting

ti sediĹĄ you are sitting

vidva sedita the two of you are sitting

vi sedite you are sitting

on/ona sedi onadva sedita he/she is sitting the two of them are sitting

oni sedijo they are sitting

When looking in a dictionary be aware that verbs in the infinitive end in -ti or -Ä?i. sedeti (to sit) ali reÄ?i (to say).

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 20

21.10.2014 19:00:16

SLOVENSKA SLOVNICA V 7 KORAKIH

biti (to be) singular

dual

plural

jaz sem I am

midva sva the two of us are

mi smo we are

ti si you are

vidva sta the two of you are

vi ste you are

on/ona je he/she is

onadva sta the two of them are

oni so they are

Person and number are expressed with verbal endings, so no personal pronoun is needed, unless used for emphasis. Midva govoriva slovensko. â€”> Govoriva slovensko. The two of us speak Slovene. Verbs are negated by simply adding ne in front. The verbs biti (to be) and imeti (to have) are negated differently.

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 21

Neither of us speak Ne govoriva Slovene. slovensko. Neither of us are ... Nisva ... Neither of us have ... Nimava ...

21.10.2014 19:00:16

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 30

GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER

How are you? Kako ste? Good, thank you. Dobro, hvala. What is your name? Kako vam je ime? My name is … Ime mi je … Where are you from? Od kod ste? I am from … Sem iz … the United Kingdom Združenega kraljestva America Amerike Austria Avstrije Italy Italije Germany Nemčije Russia Rusije It was nice Me veseli (to meet you). (da sva se spoznala).

21.10.2014 19:00:18

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 31

SPOZNAJMO SE

This is Mrs. Mateja Novak. To je gospa Mateja Novak. This is Mr. Peter Novak. To je gospod Peter Novak. This is my … To je moja … wife žena sister sestra mother mama daughter hči friend prijateljica girlfriend punca colleague kolegica/sodelavka This is my … To je moj … husband mož brother brat father oče son sin friend prijatelj boyfriend fant colleague kolega/sodelavec

21.10.2014 19:00:18

GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER

I like it here. Tukaj mi je všeč. Slovenia is very beautiful. Slovenija je zelo lepa.

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 32

I am in Slovenia … V Sloveniji sem … on holiday/vacation. na počitnicah. on holiday/vacation. na dopustu. on business. poslovno. for the first time. prvič.

21.10.2014 19:00:18

SPOZNAJMO SE

Did you know â€Ś? In Slovenia, you are an adult when you are 18 years of age. The good news: you can enjoy some of the world's vices (for example, a shot of schnapps in a bar). The bad news: you become accountable for yourself. When you become better acquainted, Slovenes like to invite you to their home. If you visit, do not be surprised if you are asked to take your shoes off and are given a pair of slippers.

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 33

21.10.2014 19:00:19

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 34

BASIC EXPRESSIONS

Yes. Ja. No. Ne. Please. Prosim. Thank you. Hvala. You're welcome. / Prosim./ No problem. Ni za kaj. Sorry. Oprostite. Could you help me? Mi lahko pomagate? Could you (…)? Ali lahko (…)? Of course. Seveda. Maybe. Mogoče. Unfortunately not. Žal ne. I understand. Razumem. I do not understand. Ne razumem. I do not speak Slovene. Ne govorim slovensko.

21.10.2014 19:00:19

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 35

OSNOVNI IZRAZI

Do you speak …? Ali govorite …? English angleško Spanish špansko German nemško Italian italijansko French francosko Russian rusko Chinese kitajsko Could you please Mi lahko poveste, tell me …? prosim, …? Can I ask you something? Vas lahko nekaj vprašam? What does that mean? Kaj to pomeni? What is that? Kaj je to?

21.10.2014 19:00:20

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 70

IN THE RESTAURANT

I would like ... (m) / Rad bi …/ I would like ... (f) Rada bi … a glass of wine kozarec vode tap water navadno vodo mineral water mineralno vodo apple juice jabolčni sok orange juice pomarančni sok lemonade limonado Cockta with ice kokto z ledom Coca Cola without ice kokakolo brez ledu tea pravi čaj fruit tea sadni čaj herbal tea zeliščni čaj hot chocolate vročo čokolado cocoa kakav coffee with milk kavo z mlekom coffee with cream kavo s smetano latte belo kavo lager beer svetlo pivo dark beer temno pivo

21.10.2014 19:00:24

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 71

V RESTAVRACIJI

I would like ... (m) / Rad bi …/ I would like ... (f) Rada bi … a small draught/draft beer malo točeno pivo a large draught/draft beer veliko točeno pivo red wine rdeče vino white wine belo vino schnapps žganje Cheers! Na zdravje! Where can I buy a Kje lahko kupim sandwich? sendvič? Where is there ...? Kje je …? a good restaurant dobra restavracija a restaurant with gostilna s Slovenian food slovensko hrano a pizzeria picerija a good bar dober lokal/bar a patisserie / sweets shop slaščičarna a café kavarna I'm a vegetarian. (m) / Sem vegetarijanec./ I'm a vegetarian. (f) Sem vegetarijanka.

21.10.2014 19:00:24

IN THE RESTAURANT

What do you have for ...? Kaj imate za …? breakfast zajtrk lunch kosilo supper večerjo a snack malico The menu, please. Jedilni list, prosim. The wine list, please. Vinsko karto, prosim. I would like something Rad bi nekaj pojedel./ to eat. (m) / I would like something Rada bi nekaj pojedla. to eat. (f) I would like something Samo nekaj za spit, to drink, please. prosim. What do you recommend? Kaj priporočate?

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 72

21.10.2014 19:00:24

V RESTAVRACIJI

kozarec

žlica

zobotrebec

plastenka

nož

slamica

steklenica

vilice

skodelica

krožnik

prtiček

poper in sol

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 73

21.10.2014 19:00:24

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 74

IN THE RESTAURANT

I would like ... (m) / Rad bi …/ I would like ... (f) Rada bi … cold cuts narezek beef soup govejo juho mushroom soup gobovo juho vegetable soup zelenjavno juho turkey steak puranji zrezek veal steak telečji zrezek pork steak svinjski zrezek breaded cutlet dunajski zrezek fried chicken ocvrtega piščanca roast chicken pečenega piščanca a vegetarian dish zelenjavni krožnik grilled vegetables zelenjavo na žaru grilled meat meso na žaru grilled fish ribe na žaru pasta with ceps testenine z jurčki rice riž potatoes krompir

21.10.2014 19:00:25

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 75

V RESTAVRACIJI

I would like ... (m) / Rad bi …/ I would like ... (f) Rada bi … a small pizza malo pico a large pizza veliko pico a green salad zeleno solato a tomato salad paradižnikovo solato a mixed salad mešano solato bread kruh oil olje vinegar kis salt sol pepper poper crêpes with jam palačinke z marmelado ice cream sladoled chocolate cake čokoladno torto cake with fruit sadno torto sugar sladkor Bon appetit! Dober tek!

21.10.2014 19:00:25

IN THE RESTAURANT

JEDILNI LIST

starter/appetizer

predjed

soup

juha

main dish

glavna jed

side dish

priloga

salad

solata

dessert

sladica

The bill, please. Račun, prosim. Can I pay with a card? Ali lahko plačam s kartico? Where is the restroom? Kje je stranišče/WC?

Did you know …? A typical Slovene Sunday lunch is comprised of beef soup, roast meat, sauté potatoes, green salad, and dessert.

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 76

21.10.2014 19:00:25

V RESTAVRACIJI

If a Slovene invites you to a restaurant, they will most likely pay the bill. Slovene hosts usually want to pay, so it is no use arguing â€Ś much! It is common to share a dish in a restaurant (even for adults). A tip is not obligatory but you would usually round the bill up a bit. In Slovenia, tap water (NAVADNA VODA) is drinkable everywhere, unless stated otherwise. Alcohol is not served in bars before 10 am. Alcohol is not served to persons under 18 years of age. Smoking is not permitted in enclosed public spaces.

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 77

21.10.2014 19:00:25

Pocket Slovene/Žepna slovenščina Authors/Avtorice: Tjaša Alič, Ina Ferbežar, Tanja Jerman, Mihaela Knez, Metka Lokar, Mojca Nidorfer Šiškovič, Nataša Pirih Svetina, Mojca Stritar Foreword/Spremna beseda: Marko Stabej Pocket Slovene/Žepna slovenščina is translation and adaptation of the book Pocket Slovene/Žepna slovenščina (1st edition 2008, design Marjan Paternoster). Published in the project Svetovni dnevi slovenskega jezika (World Festival of the Slovene Language) at the Slovene lectureships at foreign universities in languages: Bulgarian, Chinese, Czech, Croatian, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Ukrainian. Edited by/Uredili: Mojca Nidorfer Šiškovič, Damjan Huber, Mateja Lutar, Matej Klemen, Luka Zibelnik, Nina Tramšek Translation/Prevod: Students of Slovene at Cleveland State University: Lillian Centa, Marie Jagodnik, Vic Luzar, Maryann Mayer, Julie Opalek, Frank Praznik, Ann Marie Spice, Ron Sterling, Erika Zibelnik, Janice Zgodinski, Majda Zorman; and students of Slovene at the University of Nottingham: Olivia Hellewell, Katie Harrison, Christopher Lycett, Christopher O'Rourke, Jonathan Rowson, Magdalena Wiercioch

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 124

21.10.2014 19:00:35

Mentorship/Mentorstvo: Matej Klemen (Nottingham), Luka Zibelnik (Cleveland) Proofreading/Jezikovni pregled: Olivia Hellewell, Donald F. Reindl Illustrations/Ilustracije: Alenka Čuk Design and break/Oblikovanje in prelom: Ciril Hrovatin, Miro Pečar, Janko Mikuž, Lavoslava Benčić © Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, 2014. Published by/Založila: Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani Issued by/Izdal: Center za slovenščino kot drugi/tuji jezik pri Oddelku za slovenistiko The publisher/Za založbo: Branka Kalenić Ramšak, Dean/dekanja Filozofske fakultete Print/Tisk: Birografika Bori d. o. o. First printing/Prvi natis. Ljubljana, 2014 Print run/Naklada: 300 Price/Cena: 5 EUR

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 125

21.10.2014 19:00:35

CMY

6 16 20 28 30 34 42 46 54 62 70 78 82 88 92 96 100 104 108 110 116 118

9 789612 376871

POCKET SLOVENE

ovitek_angl_ZDA.ai 1 21.10.2014 18:56:53

POCKET SLOVENE

Žepna sloven ščina