Roundup 10.4.25

Guest opinion discusses idea to boost veterinary services in Wyoming Page 2

Soaring demand for dairy foods fuels U.S. butterfat boom Page 6

BLM award winners announced Page 12

Biofuel opportunities and challenges outlined by CoBank economist Page 18

Quick Bits A Look Inside

Correction

In an article titled “Malmburg inducted into WCHF,” published in the Sept. 27 edition of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup, a name was left out of the list of 2025 Wyoming Cowboy Hall of Fame (WCHF) inductees. Chris Feuz Young of Moran was also among those inducted into the WCHF this year.

Giving Day

Every year, thousands of passionate University of Wyoming (UW) supporters come together for 24 hours to change the lives of students, support educators and researchers and give back to the programs that make a difference to Wyoming and the world. The 2025 UW Giving Day will launch Oct. 23 at 12 p.m. and will run for 24 hours. For more information or to make a donation, visit give.uwyo. edu/giving-day-2025

Bee College

University of Wyoming Extension will host the 2025 Wyoming Bee College Oct. 25-26 in Casper, a two-day, in-person workshop for beekeepers of all levels across Wyoming and the Mountain West. Through handson training, attendees will gain practical knowledge on everything from starting their first hive to advanced hive management, queen rearing, pollinator health and honey production. For more information or to register, visit wyomingbeecollege.org

Exhibition

Wyoming artists are invited to submit entries for the 2026 Governor’s Capitol Art Exhibition, with a deadline of Oct. 18. This year’s exhibition will be featured as part of Wyoming’s tribute to America’s 250th anniversary and will run from Feb. 9 to Aug. 8, 2026 at the Wyoming State Capitol. Artists are encouraged to submit entries celebrating Wyoming’s landscapes, communities and people. For more information or to submit an entry, visit artist.callforentry.org/ login.php or contact Nathan Doerr at nathan.doerr1@ wyo.gov or 307-823-2935.

FDA approves first generic BRD treatment

On Aug. 28, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first generic treatment for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) – an injectable solution called Gamrozyne which

is expected to be available to producers this fall.

BRD is one of the most common and costly diseases threatening cattle producers.

Also known as shipping fever, the highly-contagious disease sees an uptick in fall months due to a variety of factors, including changing weather

USDA AG AGENDA

Rollins announces farming initiatives and teases plans to rebuild U.S. cow herd

On Sept. 25, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins spoke during the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Agricultural Outlook Forum in Kansas City, Mo., unveiling a suite of initiatives aimed at strengthening the farming industry and a strategy to rebuild the nation’s historically low beef herd.

“President Donald Trump has made it clear –America’s farmers and ranchers will never be left

behind. The success of our farmers is a national security priority, and at USDA we are looking at every option to ensure the future viability of American agriculture,” Rollins said.

MOU

According to the corresponding press release, USDA signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU)

Please see USDA on page 8

WGFD recognizes landowners

For 30 years, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) has recognized landowners throughout the state who have demonstrated outstanding wildlife management and implemented habitat improvement and conservation techniques on their properties with Landowner of the Year Awards.

These stewards of the land open access to research and recreation on thousands of acres across Wyoming and, more importantly, maintain and improve habitat for wildlife.

WGFD recognized four landowners as the 2025 Landowners of the Year during a reception on Sept. 9 in Lander.

Turtle Rock Ranch

Located about 20 miles south of Glenrock in the Laramie Range, the Turtle Rock Ranch is owned and operated by the Mark and Angela Grant and Craig and Mary Grant families.

The ranch provides excellent habitat for elk, deer, pronghorn and many other species.

Since 1998, the ranch has been part of WGFD’s AccessYes program. Each year, the ranch allows hunters access from Aug. 1 through Jan. 31, and the Grants have worked closely with the department to help control the elk population in Hunt Area Seven.

The Laramie Peak elk herd is estimated around 10,000, which is double the management goal. The Grants continue to work with the department to develop long-term strategies to bring elk numbers to target levels.

The Grants have also partnered with WGFD on habitat improvement projects, such as enhancing aspen and mountain shrub communities to benefit wildlife. The families practice reasonable grazing management to ensure riparian areas,

Boasting first-class trophy elk hunting and the largest population of Greater sage grouse in the U.S., Wyoming is a premier destination for hunting come fall.

Just in time for hunters to take to the hills this season, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) released its 2025 hunt forecast, providing a comprehensive breakdown of big and small game outlooks across the state’s eight regions.

Game birds

The Cowboy State’s sprawling sagebrush steppe is home to over one-third of the global sage grouse population, with the highest population densities in the “Golden Triangle” of southwest Wyoming.

In the Green River region, sage grouse

AFBF outlines global risks, higher costs, tighter margins

Fertilizer costs are having a larger impact on farm budgets.

Leading up to the 2022 crop year, fertilizer prices surged to record highs, driven by tight global supplies, energy shocks and trade disruptions. This period became a turning point in how farmers and policymakers thought about farm input risks.

Fertilizer prices eased somewhat from 2023-24 as energy markets stabilized and supply chains recovered, but price volatility is at the forefront once again.

While prices today remain below the extreme peaks of 2022, prices for several key fertilizers are climbing higher. Phosphate fertilizers are leading the increase, while nitrogen products are showing month-to-month swings and potash is rising due to trade policy risks.

At the same time, the share of fertilizer within total farm production costs has not returned to earlier highs because other expenses are also climbing.

Livestock expenses, electricity, cash labor, interest, rent and property taxes are among the categories showing notable increases in 2025, adding to the overall

lek counts were similar to last year and remain favorable, although WGFD notes prolonged dry conditions could affect brood survival.

WGFD reports, “Hunters should still expect to put in significant effort to find sage grouse, but quality opportunities still exist. Other upland opportunities exist within the region for partridge, but are somewhat limited.”

Additional game birds in the area include an abundance of dusky grouse in the Sierra Madre and Wyoming Range, while ruffed grouse are available in the Uintas and Wyoming Range. In the Pinedale region, sage grouse

The Threat of a Fly

A fly called New World screwworm (NWS) has been working its way north through Mexico and has been found in a cow 70 miles south of the Texas border in the Mexican state of Nuevo León, which borders the U.S.

This little fly’s flesh-eating larva can cause undue harm – and even death – if it finds an open wound in livestock, wildlife, pets and humans. It lays its eggs in an open wound, and larva feed on the flesh of the animal, creating a larger wound and ultimately killing it.

One can easily see the concern everyone has over the potential threat of NWS to all animals.

Decades ago, NWS was controlled in some Central American countries, Mexico and the U.S., but it took 29 years to do it.

Since then, some Central American countries have become lax on controlling the fly, so much so it has become a way of life for some and has harmed more than animals. They say it is also hard on children in rural areas.

Last winter, the U.S. and Mexico were hoping to keep NWS in Guatemala, but it kept coming north through two control areas in Southern Mexico, 700 miles from the Texas border. By the end of July, Mexican authorities had reported more than 3,000 animal cases and 26 human cases around

GUEST OPINIONS

I read with great interest and applauded the message in the recent front-page story in the Wyoming Livestock Roundup regarding U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins’ plan to enhance rural large animal veterinary services.

This is long overdue since cattle producers have been sounding the alarm about veterinarian shortages in ranch country for four decades.

It seems the current administration is interested in actually solving problems, as opposed to just chatting about them –a tip of the hat to Secretary Rollins.

In my opinion, at least in the state of Wyoming, we are missing an opportunity by not taking greater advantage of veterinary technicians. Vet techs are not even credentialed in Wyoming. In other words, their formal training and subsequent graduation from a certified vet tech program is not even recognized or acknowledged.

This is the equivalent of a person earning a degree in nursing and then

By Darrell Wilkes

being classified as a non-credentialed “hospital helper.”

I had the honor of serving on the Board of Trustees for Eastern Wyoming College (EWC) in Torrington before I resigned my seat and moved to Texas. EWC has an outstanding vet tech program, pioneered by the late Dr. John Simons, an iconic veterinarian in southeast Wyoming.

One of the things I most regret about leaving my EWC Board of Trustees seat was I did not have time to complete my two-part, self-assigned mission to achieve official recognition for certified vet techs by the Wyoming Vet Med Association and the state and to resurrect large animal training in EWC’s vet tech program.

When Simons led the program at EWC, there was intense focus on bovine medicine. Over the years, the program transitioned to a focus on companion animals. So, here is a vet tech program smack dab in the middle of cattle country that does not have a

focused curriculum on cattle health.

But even if the students in the EWC vet tech program received great training in bovine medicine, they would likely move to another state to launch their career because their credentials are simply not recognized in Wyoming.

If this sounds ridiculous, it’s because it is.

We have a situation where the taxpayers in Wyoming, many of them cattle ranchers, are helping to pay for a program where the graduates are virtually forced to leave Wyoming to practice their profession.

Meanwhile, cattle ranchers struggle to procure veterinary services, and large animal veterinarians work themselves to death trying to service their needs.

Again, if this sounds ridiculous, it’s because it is.

This problem can be addressed. Vet techs could be officially recognized as credentialed professionals and could

Please see VETERINARIANS

Ear tag dismissal denied

According to DTN Environmental Editor Todd Neeley, a legal challenge to a U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) mandate requiring electronic identification (EID) tags for certain beef cattle, bison and dairy cows moving across state lines will continue after a federal judge denied a USDA motion to dismiss the case brought on behalf of cattle producers.

The rule that took effect on Nov. 5, 2024 requires visibly readable EID tags for sexually-intact cattle and bison 18 months or older, dairy cattle of any age and cattle and bison of any age used for rodeos, shows or exhibitions.

The New Civil Liberties Alliance filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of South Dakota on behalf of R-CALF USA, the South Dakota Stockgrowers Alliance and the Farm and Ranch Freedom Alliance, as well as individual producers.

The federal court also dismissed one of the counts alleged by the plaintiffs – that the mandate was beyond USDA’s statutory power. Also allowed to stand were the plaintiffs’ allegations the final rule was arbitrary and capricious.

USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) provides EID tags for free through state veterinarian offices.

The lawsuit is seeking the vacation of the rule in its entirety and calls to permanently block its enforcement.

Though APHIS has funded EID tags so far, the judge expressed skepticism such funding would continue. USDA argued APHIS would continue to provide funding.

USDA has estimated the number of cattle affected by the rule would be about 11 million head per year.

In its ruling, the court was skeptical APHIS’s funding is long-term and at some point, producers could shoulder more of a financial burden to meet the mandate.

As a result of the ruling, the case now moves to the summary judgement stage.

Acres conserved

Jim and Terry Wilson of V Ranch have partnered with the Wyoming Stock Growers Land Trust (WSGLT) to place 6,800 acres into a conservation easement within Fremont and Hot Springs counties.

This easement conserves agricultural values, a rich ranching legacy, open spaces and essential wildlife habitat.

Over the last 40 years, the Wilson family has thoughtfully pieced the ranch together, creating an operation which allows for year-round rotational grazing, lending to a healthy landscape and sustainable future. The Wilsons’ drive to conserve the property rests in wanting to ensure land remains intact and productive for the next generation of stewards within the family.

Dominated by beautiful stream terraces, rolling foothills, rock outcroppings, mixed forests and highcountry grasslands, the property not only boasts natural beauty, but also acts as a haven for a multitude of wildlife species.

Adding to the conservation value is the continuity of permanently protected lands surrounding the property. Neighboring the easement are two other permanently protected properties, as well as a mix of state lands and Bureau of Land Management lands.

WSGLT appreciates its continued partnership with the Wilson family and the many funders who helped get this project to completion.

The conservation easement was funded in part by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the Knobloch Family Foundation, the Wyoming Wildlife and Natural Resource Trust and the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation.

The completion of this project brings WSGLT’s number of protected acres to 307,536 statewide.

NBA registration open

Thirty-one years ago, the first National Bison Association (NBA) Conference was held, celebrating the heritage, understanding the needs and planning a sustainable future for the American bison industry.

Since then, bison herds have swelled to over 400,000 across North America, and now, more than ever, cooperation between all bison stewards is essential to supporting continued herd health, growth and establishment.

The 2026 NBA Winter Conference, scheduled for Jan. 21-24, 2026 offers actionable insights from world-class experts, on-the-ground perspectives from bison stewards and valuable networking opportunities.

The conference will be held at the Omni Interlocken in Broomfield, Colo. The hotel room block is available for $159 per night, and space is limited.

Conference registration is now open and interested individuals are encouraged to register by Jan. 2, 2026. For more information or to register, e-mail info@nationalbison.org or call 303-292-2833.

Meeting set

The Sage Grouse Implementation Team (SGIT) will meet at 10 a.m. on Oct. 6 in the Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission Office in Casper. The public is invited to attend in person. No virtual options will be available.

The tentative agenda – in no particular order and subject to change – includes a Bureau of Land Management Sage Grouse RMP amendment update; a SGIT adaptive management update; conversation about executive order (EO) updates, funding of wildfire restoration and progress to date and a stewardship area update.

SGIT is made up of representatives from state and federal agencies, industry and non-governmental organizations. Appointed by the governor, these members work collaboratively to maintain a healthy population of Greater sage grouse under the state of Wyoming’s sage grouse EO.

Wildfire webinar scheduled

The Wyoming Grant’s Management Office (GMO) will be hosting a free 90-minute Wildfire Recovery Webinar for landowners, homeowners, business owners and nonprofits devastated by wildfires with federal and state partners on Oct. 8 at 10 a.m.

The workshop will assist stakeholders in becoming knowledgeable about available relief, how to assess grants, make applications and connect with federal and state agency experts. The interactive webinar includes an opportunity for participants to direct questions to state and federal grants experts.

“The wildfire relief webinar provides essential information for anyone with property impacted by the fires here in Wyoming over these last few years,” Gov. Mark Gordon said. “It gives landowners, homeowners and business owners an opportunity to explore potential funding options to help rebuild lost forage and infrastructure, learn what programs have been eliminated, those that remain and some that are new. Owing to the change in administration at the federal level, we wanted to make sure property owners have access to the most up-to-date information.”

The governor emphasized funding opportunities are available with or without disaster relief designations.

For more information or to register for the webinar, visit hsbd.wyo.gov/

WGFD seeks information

The Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) is seeking information on a pronghorn buck illegally shot and left to waste. The crime occurred on private land along Fetterman Road just outside of Rock River in Antelope Hunt Area 42.

The pronghorn was killed before 7:30 a.m. on the morning of Aug. 29. An individual driving a dark gray Chevy truck was seen in the area and is suspected of being involved.

“We are seeking the public’s assistance with this investigation as any information can make the difference in cases like this,” said North Laramie Game Warden Elise Calhoun. “Even a small detail could help us hold the responsible person accountable.”

Anyone with possible information or who was in the area and may have noted suspicious vehicles or activities is encouraged to call Calhoun at 307-745-4402 or the Stop Poaching Hotline at 877-943-3847. Reports can also be submitted online.

Callers are reminded they may remain anonymous when submitting reports. When possible, take note of license plates and any specific details of vehicles, people involved and locations.

Any information leading to an arrest and conviction may be eligible for a monetary reward through the Wyoming Wildlife Protectors’ Association.

and Pest may provide 50/50 cost-share up to 16,000 holes at $1.00 per hole. Sign up before October 31, 2025 Those who do not sign up will not receive full funding.

Weed and Pest may provide an 80/20 cost-share of 1% of the total acreage leased or owned by any resident. Ex. (5,000 acres* 1% = 50 acres). Sign up before April 15, 2026

• 307-283-2375 We may provide a 50/50 cost-share reimbursement for the remaining invasive species up to $5,000 per resident.

Landowners can request further funding from the district. Please reach out to Crook County Weed and Pest, and they may better help you with your funding request.

NEWS BRIEFS

Government shuts down

On Oct. 1, the federal government shut down after a deadlocked Congress failed to reach a funding deal.

As of Oct. 2, several news sources reported the shutdown will likely extend into next week, as Senate Democrats are expected to block a Grand Old Party-backed, short-term funding bill before the Senate goes out of session again for the weekend.

CNN Politics notes the Trump administration warned thousands of government layoffs could begin as soon as Oct. 3, and the White House has already compiled a list of agencies to target for cuts. However, these are yet to be announced.

According to an Oct. 2 CNN article by Alayna Treene, agencies and activities deemed essential will remain open.

For agriculture, chief among these are the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s food safety inspectors, who will stay stationed at meat and poultry slaughterhouses throughout the shutdown, although they won’t receive a paycheck.

Additionally, the National Park Service will keep park roads, lookouts, trails and open-air memorials open, while air traffic controllers and TSA baggage screeners will work without pay.

Active-duty troops and Pentagon employees will continue to be paid, although they may miss a paycheck if the shutdown isn’t resolved before Oct. 15, and federal employees supporting Medicare, Medicaid and other mandatory health payments, as well as U.S. Department of Health and Human Services employees who respond to public health and natural emergencies will keep working unabated.

Fossil fuel production will also continue as normal.

On the other hand, CNN Politics notes some agencies are in the crosshairs because of their diversity, equity and inclusion policies, although they’re mainly being targeted because the administration doesn’t think they align with the president’s priorities.

“We’re looking at agencies that don’t align with the president’s values and that we feel are a waste of the taxpayer dollars,” White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt told reporters.

The shutdown is ongoing and Wyoming Livestock Roundup staff will provide more updates in next week’s edition of the newspaper.

Prescribed burns planned

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) will conduct a prescribed burn this fall near the South Dakota and Wyoming state line in Weston County. The BLM plans to burn approximately 120 acres within the Sherwood Canyon area along Beaver Creek Road.

Burning may start as early as October, after fire restrictions are lifted, and could continue throughout the fall as weather and fuel conditions allow.

All BLM prescribed burn projects are conducted in accordance with approved burn plans which specify weather, smoke dispersal and fuel moisture conditions. Smoke may be visible at times from the surrounding areas.

BLM is coordinating with adjacent private landowners to reduce the density of Rocky Mountain juniper and the risk of catastrophic wildfire, increase forage for livestock and wildlife and improve the health and resiliency of ponderosa pine forest.

The project is part of a multi-year effort by the BLM and partners to reduce the risk of catastrophic fires and improve stand growth and wildlife habitat in the area.

For more information, contact the Newcastle Field Office at 307-746-6600, Scott Manahan at 307-7466607, Jonathan Sloan at 307-746-6647 or Dave Morrill 307-749-6617.

CRP enrollment accepted

On Sept. 17, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced acceptance of 1.78 million acres into the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) through 2025 General, Continuous, Grassland and Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program enrollments.

According to USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA), about 25.8 million acres are currently enrolled in CRP – the agency’s flagship conservation program through which landowners, farmers and ranchers voluntarily convert marginal or unproductive cropland into vegetative cover to improve water quality, prevent erosion, restore wildlife habitat and, in the case of Grassland CRP, enable participants to conserve grasslands while also continuing most grazing and haying practices.

FSA received offers on more than 2.6 million acres. The program’s total acreage is capped at 27 million acres for Fiscal Year 2025, of which 1.8 million was available for enrollment, after offsetting for expiring acres and an administrative reserve, making for a highly competitive process for those who submitted offers for CRP.

About 955,795 acres are expiring on Sept. 30 of this year. Producers submitted re-enrollment offers for just over 624,000 acres, and offers for enrollment of new land totaled two million acres.

Kansas, South Dakota and Colorado hold the top three slots for accepted acres for all 2025 CRP enrollment opportunities.

FDA approves NWS treatment

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conditionally approved Dectomax-CA1 – doramectin – injectable solution for the prevention and treatment of New World screwworm (NWS) larval infestations and prevention of NWS reinfestation for 21 days.

Dectomax-CA1 is conditionally approved for use in cattle only.

According to Zoetis, this conditional approval applies to beef cattle, female dairy cattle less than 20 months of age, pregnant beef cows, newborn calves and bulls.

FDA says Dectomax-CA1 is eligible for conditional approval because it is intended to prevent and treat a serious or life-threatening disease in cattle, it addresses an unmet animal health need and demonstrating effectiveness of the drug would require complex or particularly difficult studies.

“Under this conditional approval, the FDA has determined the drug is safe and has a reasonable expectation of effectiveness. We are making this treatment available to cattle producers immediately, while the sponsor collects data needed for a full approval,” says Dr. Timothy Schell, acting director of the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine. “The FDA will continue to expedite review of animal drugs to help the U.S. fight this devastating threat to our nation’s livestock and the livelihoods of the farmers and ranchers who care for them.”

In the first half of 2026, producers and veterinarians will begin to see 250-milliliter and 500-milliliter bottles of Dectomax Injectable with a new label for Dectomax-CA1. Dectomax-CA1 is the same effective doramectin formulation as Dectomax Injectable.

Livestock producers are encouraged to work closely with their herd veterinarian to implement strategic prevention and control measures.

BLM seeks input

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) opened a 30-day public comment period to receive public input on plans to include 68 oil and gas leases, totaling 94,465 acres in Wyoming, in a March 2026 sale. The comment period ends on Oct. 30.

BLM completed scoping on these parcels in August 2025 and is now seeking public comment on the parcels, potential deferrals and the related environmental analysis. BLM will use input from the public to help complete its review of each parcel.

All parcels included in a federal oil and gas lease sale include appropriate stipulations to protect important natural resources.

Information on current and upcoming BLM leases is available through the National Fluid Lease Sale System, and BLM lease sales are held online through EnergyNet.

Information about the parcels BLM is analyzing, as well as maps and instructions on how to comment, are available at eplanning.blm.gov/eplanning-ui/project/2039360/510

conditions and increased stress from shipping and weaning.

With shipping season upon producers across the West, understanding BRD and knowing treatment options is essential to ensuring herd health.

About Gamrozyne Gamrozyne is sponsored by Bimeda Animal Health and is the first FDAapproved generic version of Zactran injectable solution. Zactran is a product of Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health and was first approved for use in 2011.

According to FDA, the generic Gamrozyne is bioequivalent to Zactran, meaning it serves the same purpose and shares the same active ingredient –gamithromycin.

Gamithromycin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial that fights all of the major BRD-causing bacteria including Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni and Mycoplasma bovis, according to Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health.

Like Zactran, Gamrozyne is labeled for use in beef cattle and non-lactating dairy cattle and can be used to treat symptoms and control the spread of respiratory disease in high-risk herds. Both Zactran and Gamrozyne are administered subcutaneously.

Generic Gamrozyne was sponsored by Bimeda, a leading global manufacturer and distributor of animal health products and veterinary medicine. Bimeda is a member of the Generic Animal Drug Alliance (GADA), which is “an independent trade association serving organizations with interests in generic animal drug products,” as stated on the GADA website.

While the exact release date is uncertain, Gamrozyne is expected to be available to producers via prescription this fall, offersing a host of benefits including fast treatment of symptoms and increased cost effectiveness for producers.

About BRD BRD is a highly-contagious, complex disease affecting the lungs and respiratory systems of cattle and posing threats to cow/ calf herds and feedlots alike. The disease is caused by a combination of factors including viral and bacterial pathogens and can be worsened by environmental conditions and stress.

Dr. Travis Van Anne of Van Anne Vet Services in Gering, Neb. has been practicing veterinary medicine for 26 years. He notes subpar shipping strategies – especially long hours on trucks and failing to ensure proper nutrition and hydration – makes calves much more susceptible to bacterial infections like pneumonia.

“Often a calf already has a virus living in its system, and when this virus gets replicated to a high enough population in a stressed, dehydrated animal, they can get a bacterial infection,” comments Van Anne.

“When we put cattle in a drylot and expose them to a carbohydrate diet and several other cattle that could or do have diseases and then have them share a water source, we can end up with pneumonia,” he continues.

Clinical signs of BRD can vary but often include fever, labored breathing, discharge from the nose and eyes, depression, lack of appetite, coughing, excessive salivation and rapid or shallow breathing, according to a Sep. 4 article for Bovine Veterinarian written by Andrea Bedford.

Injectable antimicrobial agents like Gamrozyne and Zactran can be useful for treating bacterial infections, but Van Anne emphasizes these drugs do not act as a replacement for the nutrition and hydration necessary to ensuring overall health and preventing outbreaks.

He further highlights water as the most important nutrient in ensuring cattle health, in addition to protein and energy.

Preventing BRD starts with proper nutrition of all animals in cow/calf herds. Colostrum within the first few hours of birth is critical to determining a calf’s ability to fight off infections for the rest of its life.

Later in life, Van Anne says administering antibiotics like Draxxin to calves upon arrival in a feedlot can provide a boost to the animal’s immune system and help mitigate the risks of infection.

Overall, practicing good herd management strategies and consulting a veterinarian for vaccination advice can help keep stress levels low and BRD at bay this season.

Grace Skavdahl is the editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

FEEDERS

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2025 - FEEDER SPECIAL

Vern Black 70 Mx Strs & Hfrs, 800#, Heifers are Spayed, Complete Vac. Program

Justin Kremers 57 Mostly Blk few Bwf Strs, 700-750#, Complete Vac. Program, Producer All Natural

Tim Cooney 39 Mostly Blk Hfrs, 650-800#. Spayed, Complete Vac. Program, Coming off grass

Randy Skinner 12 Mx Strs & Hfrs, 850-900#, Pre-cond. Shots: 8-way, Vira Shield 6, Heifers are Bangs Vac, Producer All Natural

WEANED CALVES

Gwen Stockham 15 Blk angus Strs, 500-700#, Weaned 60 days, Alfalfa Grass Hay Fed, Been on a Complete Mineral Program, Branding Shots:

Vista Once, Vision 7, Producer All Natural

Hiser Farms 15 Blk Angus Strs, 500-700#, Weaned 60 days, Bunk Broke, Been on Alfalfa/Grass Hay, Mineral Program, Branding Shots: Vista Once, Vision 7, Producer All Natural

Amanda Weber 13 Blk/Bwf/Char Strs & Hfrs, 525-600#, Weaned 16 days, Bunk Broke, Birth & Weaning Shots CALVES

Indian Meadows Ranch 485 98% Blk Angus Strs & Hfrs, 500-600#, Branding Shots: Bovi-Shield Gold One Shot, Vision 7, Inforc 3, Dectomax

Injectable Wormer, Pre-cond. Shots: Bovi-Shield Gold One Shot, Vision 7 Somnus+Spur, Inforce 3, No Implants, Knife Cut, Free Choice Mineral, Coming off cows, 90% are Sired by Feed Efficiency Registered Blk Angus Bulls

Clark Ranch 225 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 500#, Branding Shots: 7-way, No Implants, Producer All Natural

Broken Box Ranch Inc. 212 Mostly Bwf F-1 Cross few Blk/Rwf Hfrs, 550-685#, Branding Shots: Bovi-Shield Gold One Shot, Vision 7 w/Spur, Pre-cond. Shots (Sept. 11): Bovi-Shield Gold One Shot, Ultrabac 7w/Somubac, Poured w/Cleanup, Bangs Vac., No Implants, No Replacements

Kept, Home Raised

Heward’s 7E Ranch LLC 90 Blk Angus Strs & Hfrs, 410-430#, Branding Shots: Vista Once SQ, Vira Shield, Pre-cond Shots (Aug. 30): Vista SQ, Vira Shield, Poured, High Elevation, Progressive Genetics Program

FRIDAY, OCTOBER 10, 2025

MONDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2025 - CALF SPECIAL

HEREFORD SECTION

Todd & Cindy Jones 200 Blk/Red/Rwf/Hereford Strs & Hfrs, 425-475#, Branding Shots: 8-way, Vira Shield, Wormed, CattlActive, No Implants,

Coming from the High Desert in Wyoming

John Snyder 150 Hereford Strs & Hfrs, 500-500#, Branding Shots: 7-way, No Implants, Born: Mid-March thru Mid-May, Home Raised, Sired by Van Newkirk, Mrnak, Beery Hereford Bulls

Russ & Karen Wedemeyer 110 50% Hereford/50% Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 475-500#, Branding Shots: Ultrabac 7, Fly Tags, Pre-cond. Shots (9/13): Vista Once SQ, Ultrabac 7, No Implants, Home Raised

Donald & Susan Black 57 Hereford, Rd,Rwf, Blk, Bwf, Strs & Hfrs 500-550#, Branding Shots: Bovi Shield Gold 5, 8 way, No Implants, Producer All Natural, (All Calves Sired by Hereford Bulls)

Jack & Janet Hurdsman 18 Hereford, Rd, Rwf, Blk, Bwf Strs & Hfrs 500-550#, Branding shots: Bovi Shield Gold 5, 8-way, No Implants. Producer All Natural, (All Calves Sired by Hereford Bulls)

CALVES

88 Ranch Land & Livestock 310 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 500-550#, Branding Shots: Vista Once, Pyramid 5+Presponse SQ, Vision 7 Somnus + Spur, Steers are Knife Cut, Producer All Natural, Home Raised

William & Mary Strauch 250 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 450-550#, Branding Shots: Vision 7, Pyramid 5+Presponse, Pre-cond. Shots: Pyramid 5+Presponse, Vision 7, Valcor Injectable, High Elevation, Sired by Low PAP Tested Bulls Bath Brothers 250 Blk/Bwf (2 Rd) Strs & Hfrs, 500#, Branding Shots, Pre-cond. Shots (Sept. 13): Vista, 7-way w/Somnus,Producer All Natural Rocky Top LLC/Pennington & Hall 230 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 400-500#, Branding Shots: Multimin, Nasalgen, Vista Once SQ, Vision 7 Somnus, Pre-Cond. Shots: Vista Once SQ, Nasalgen PMH, Poured w/ Ivermectin, Sired by: Reyes, Grandview, Ochsner-Roth, WEBO Angus, & G-H Bulls Joe & Lindey Bright 200 Blk/Bwf/Hereford Strs & Hfrs, 450-475#, Branding Shots: Ultra Bac 8, Cattlemaster Gold, Longe Range Injectable, No Replacements Kept Roth Land & Cattle 165 Red/Rwf Strs & Hfrs, 450-550#, Shots at Birth: Inforce 3, Bar-Vac CD/T, Multimin, Branding Shots: Bovi-Shield One Shot w/Pasteurella, Ultra Choice 7, Multimin, Pre-cond. Shots (Sept. 19): Bovi-Shield Gold 5, Ultra Choice 7, Dectomax Pour On, No Implants, Enrolled in Angus Access with EID Tags and Certification of Compliance (19842), Verified traceable to Red Angus Bloodlines, Source Verified to the ranch of origin, Group Age Verified, Sired by Bulls from Wedel Beef Genetics (AI’D), Clean-up with Premium Red Angus Bulls Bridle Bit Cattle Co. 160 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 500-600#, Branding and Pre-cond. Shots: 7-way w/Somnus, Pyramid 5+Presponse, Implanted w/ Synovex, Steers are Knife Cut, Home Raised

John Thayer 150 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 500-600#, Branding and Pre-cond. Shots: 5 +Presponse SQ, Vision 7, Producer All Natural

Matt Livestock 150 Blk/Bwf few Char-x Strs & Hfrs, 375-475#, Shots at Birth: 7-way, Multimin 90, Branding Shots: Pyramid 5, 7-way, Nuplura, Pre-cond. Shots (Sept. 6): Pyramid 5, 7-way w/Somnus, Nuplura, Poured w/Clean-up, Steers are Knife Cut, Home Raised Hiser Ranch 150 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 500-550#, Branding Shots and Pre-cond. Shots: Pyramid 5+Presponse, Vision 7 w/Somnus, High Altitude Ruben Roman 150 Red Strs & Hfrs, 400-650#, Complete Vac. Program, Producer All Natural Bob & Bev Yeik 140 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 500-600#, Branding Shots: Pyramid 5 +Presponse SQ, Vison 7 w/Somnus, Producer All Natural Brushy Creek Ranch 135 Mx Strs & Hfrs, 450-550#, Branding Shots: Pyramid 5+Presponse SQ, Vision 7 Somnus+Spur, Pre-cond. Shots: Pyramid 5+Presponse SQ, Vision 7 Somnus+Spur, Steers are Knife Cut, Home Raised, Producers All Natural Jimmy/Amy Johnson & Family 110 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 500-600#, Branding Shots: Nasalgen, Pyramid 5+Presponse, Vision 7 w/ Somnus+Spur, Pre-cond. Shots (9/13): Pyramid 5+Presonse, Vision 7 w/Somnus+Spur, No Implants, Steers are Knife Cut, Home Raised Dakota & Jocelyn Forkner 95 Blk/Bwf few Red Strs, 490#, Branding and Pre-cond. Shots: Vista Once, 7-way, Implanted, Knife Cut David, Terri & Kellie Hinman 82 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 550-600#, 3 Rounds of Shots: Inforce 3, One Shot BVD, Ultra Choice 7, Multimin, Drench with Vita Charge at Pre-conditioning, Steers are Knife Cut, Slick (no brands), NO Replacements Kept, Producer All Natural Josh & Sara “Brook” Fitzsimmons 77 Angus (Blk/Bwf) Strs & Hfrs, 530-630#, Shots at Birth: Alpha 7, Type A, Branding Shots: Vision 7, Pyramid 5 +Presponse, Pre-cond. Shots: Vision 7 w/Somnus+Spur, Vista 5 LV, Pro Bac 4, Multimin, High Altitude (out of PAP Tested Bulls) Pierre and Stacey Etchemendy 75 Red/Char-x few Blk Strs & Hfrs, 550#, Branding Shots: Visin 7 Somnus + Spur, Pre-cond. Shots: Vision 7 Somnus + Spur, No Implants, Steers are Knife Cut, Home Raised Heine Ranch 71 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 540=550#, Branding Shots: UltraBac 7, Pre-cond. Shots (9/13): UltraBac 7, Vira Shield 6, No Implants Krakow Ranch/Gerald Krakow 65 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 450-500#, Branding Shots: Bovi-Shield Gold One Shot, Ultrabac 7, First Calf Born: April 20, Been on a Salt/Mineral Program, Eating grass and hay along side of moms

PJ Cattle Company 45 Blk/Bwf few Rd Strs & Hfrs, 475-550#, Weaned 30 days, Bunk Broke, Been on Grass Hay and Calf Creep, Branding Shots: Vision 7 Somnus w/Spur, Pyramid 5+Presponse, Pre-cond. Shots (Aug. 30): Vision 7 w/Somnus w/Spur, Pyramid 5+Presponse

Doug Plummer 31 Mostly Blk few Rd Strs & Hfrs, 490-550#, Branding Shots, Pre-cond. Shots (9/2): Vista Once SQ, Vision 7 Somnus +Spur, Poured with Cydectin, No Implants

Bruce Nelson 25 Blk/Bwf/Rd Strs & Hfrs, 550-600#, 2 Rounds of Shots: Bovi-Shield Gold One Shot

Patrick McGuire 14 Blk Strs, 600#, Branding Shots, Pre-cond. Shots (Aug. 20): UltraChoice 7, Bovi-Shield Gold 5

Andrea Yaffe/Prairie Posse 12 Bwf Strs, 450-550#, Branding Shots: Bovi-Shield Gold 5, Vision 7 Somnus +Spur, Pre-cond. Shots: Bovi-Shield Gold 5, Vision 7 Somnus + Spur, Poured

Hardy Ranch LLC 10 Blk/Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 475-550#, Weaned for 45 days, Hay Fed, Shots at Birth: Vision 7, CD, Branding Shots: Nasalgen, Vision 7 Somnus+Spur, Pre-cond. Shots: Vista 1, Vision 7 Somnus+Spur, Home Raised, High Altitude

Shane Cole 8 Blk/Rd Angus Strs, 500#, Branding Shots: 7-way SALE RESULTS -FEEDER SPECIAL WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 1 -

Nolan Brott - Lusk, WY 307-216-0033 ***Ben Kukowski - Kaycee, WY 307-217-1472*** Scott Redden - Burns, Co 970-596-3588

Consumer demand for products like cheese, butter and yogurt which rely on protein and butterfat content continues to drive dairy sales growth in the U.S. and abroad.

Over the past decade, milk delivered to U.S. dairy processing plants has become more nutrient dense with higher levels of these two key components to meet rising demand.

However, the pace of growth in butterfat content has far exceeded protein, which creates challenges for U.S. cheddar and American-style cheesemakers who rely on a more balanced ratio of the two.

Protein-to-fat ratio

According to a new report from CoBank’s Knowledge Exchange, excessive butterfat levels can impact cheese quality. In the European Union (EU) and New Zealand – the two largest dairy exporters – the proteinto-fat ratio has remained far steadier, averting the issues U.S. cheesemakers are facing.

“U.S. dairy producers did an exceptional job increasing butter-

Soaring demand for dairy foods fuels U.S. butterfat boom

fat levels in milk to meet demand,” said Corey Geiger, lead dairy economist at CoBank. “For 10 years, the market couldn’t supply enough of it, and now there’s an oversupply – it’s almost too much of a good thing. Cheesemakers strive for a protein-to-fat ratio near 0.80. Anything significantly lower than this can reduce cheese quality and compromise production yields.”

In recent years, butterfat percentages in U.S. milk have been increasing at twice the pace of protein.

From 2000-17, the protein-to-fat ratio held rather constant at 0.82 to 0.84. In the ensuing years, the ratio gradually slipped to 0.77.

This is an increasing concern for cheesemakers as more than one-half of the U.S. milk supply is destined for cheese production.

The disproportionate growth of butterfat in relation to protein in U.S. milk when compared to the EU and New Zealand could put U.S. cheesemakers at a competitive disadvantage.

The EU is the world’s largest dairy exporter, followed by New Zealand.

EXTENSION EDUCATION

By Jedidiah Hewlett, UW Extension Educator

The U.S. is the third largest exporter of dairy products and ingredients.

Unlike America’s global competitors, domestic cheese processors face added costs for rebalancing their milk supplies, which reduces efficiency and could ultimately impact pricing at the farmgate.

Geiger said U.S. cheddar cheesemakers face a growing need to standardize milk either by adding a source of protein like milk protein concentrate or by pulling excess butterfat out.

“If cheddar makers don’t standardize inbound milk, fat levels may climb too high and cheese quality could decline, as higher fat generally yields a softer cheese,” said Geiger.

Production incentives

In the U.S., Multiple Component Pricing has incentivized butterfat and protein production. From 2000-14, the protein price exceeded butterfat, resulting in rather equal growth between the two components.

However, butterfat prices exceeded protein prices in eight of the past 10 years. This fueled the butterfat boom,

which producers achieved through animal genetics and feeding strategies.

Those practices could be shifted to achieve a greater balance between butterfat and protein if the proper price incentives are in place.

Cheese yield pricing could also give farmers incentives to produce milk with a higher protein-to-fat ratio.

Geiger said, looking to the future, farmgate milk needs to have a proteinto-fat ratio more in line with how milk is utilized to make the entire industry

more efficient.

“Regardless of the current challenges associated with excess butterfat, most signals continue to point upward for milk component demand. This represents an opportunity for dairy farmers to produce more milk components so dairy processors can fulfill demand in both domestic and global markets,” he said.

“And, advances in research and efficiency are among several reasons the U.S. dairy industry remains on a strong growth trajectory with $10 billion

in dairy plant investment coming online through 2028,” he concluded. CoBank is a cooperative bank serving vital industries across rural America. The bank provides loans, leases, export financing and other financial services to agribusinesses and rural power, water and communications providers in all 50 states. Headquartered outside of Denver, Colo., CoBank serves customers from regional banking centers across the U.S. and maintains an international representative office in Singapore.

diet high in energy and protein to support bone and muscle growth. Dried distillers’ grains (DDGs) – a byproduct of the ethanol industry – have been successfully used in formulating rations for feeder calves and lambs.

The following are some considerations for using DDGs in growing rations.

cia if not properly balanced with other ingredients in the ration, namely calcium.

To avoid these issues, the calcium-to-phosphorous ratio should be two to one, and total sulfur content of the diet – including water sources – should not exceed 0.4 percent.

Calculating costs

Feed and transportation costs are perhaps the two biggest considerations for an affordable ration formulation. It is often helpful to calculate and compare the cost of a certain feed ingredient based on its nutrient content.

Since protein is often the limiting factor in high-quality diets, it is often chosen as the basis for decision-making. The delivered price for a feed, which includes the cost of feed and hauling, should be used for the greatest accuracy.

Estimated costs for the capital and labor required to make the ration available for the animal should also be included.

For example, running

a mixer wagon may have a higher cost than rolling out a bale of hay with a pickup.

Since many feeds vary in water content, the nutrient levels should be compared on a DM basis for consistency. Without accounting for differences in water and nutrient content in the feed, it is difficult to make an apples-to-apples comparison between two alternatives.

First, determine the weight of DM in the feed. Most feeds contain some water, even if it is minimal.

Second, multiply the amount of DM by the percentage of protein in decimal form. This will give the weight of protein in a given amount of dry feed.

Next, divide the delivered cost per ton by the weight of protein per ton. This will yield the price per pound of protein for the feed.

An example may be helpful to illustrate this process.

Example:

WDGs versus DDGs

One ton of DDGs with 94 percent DM will only

contain 1,880 pounds DM. If this 1,880 pounds of DM is 23 percent protein, then one ton would contain 432 pounds of protein. Assuming the delivered cost is $400 per ton, the price per pound of protein would be 93 cents per pound.

A ton of wet distillers’ grains (WDGs) might contain only 65 percent or 1,300 pounds DM. If the protein content is the same as above, a ton of WDGs will only contain 299 pounds of protein. If it could be delivered for $250 per ton, the price per pound of protein is 84 cents per pound. In this case, WDGs could be purchased cheaper than the dried counterpart. Nevertheless, there are different considerations for mixing and storing the two. WDGs usually spoil faster than DDGs and result in a wetter ration. However, WDGs may have a higher TDN rating than the dried alternative.

Many factors can influence the nutritional content of distillers’ grain products, so regular feed and water testing is critical for accurate ration formulation.

High transportation costs often discourage the use of distillers’ grains in many areas of Wyoming. Nonetheless, distillers’ grains provide a combination of protein and energy that surpasses most forages.

Jedidiah Hewlett is the University of Wyoming (UW) Extension educator serving Converse County. He can be reached at jhewlett@uwyo.edu or 307-358-2417. This article was originally written for the UW

numbers are trending upward, with lek counts suggesting populations are recovering from previous lows.

WGFD says hunters should expect to see more sage grouse this fall, while dusky and ruffed grouse will provide good opportunities in forested habitats from September through December.

Wet, mild spring conditions benefited upland birds across the Lander region with likely population gains for sage grouse, dusky and ruffed grouse, pheasants, chukars and gray partridge, according to WGFD.

The department further notes pheasant hunting at the popular Sand Mesa and Ocean Lake Wildlife Habitat Management Areas (WHMA) continue to draw hunters from across Wyoming and beyond.

“WGFD will continue to stock pheasants for the Springer Special Hunt on the Springer WHMA and in areas enrolled in the AccessYes program for the general season throughout November and a

portion of December,” the report reads.

WGFD also mentions, given recent precipitation at higher elevations, dusky grouse should be in better shape in the Lander region.

In Laramie, dry conditions in 2025 may dampen brood survival for sage grouse, sharp-tailed grouse and pheasants, although dusky grouse are faring better due to highelevation moisture and vegetation recovery in the Mullen Fire burn scar, according to the WGFD report.

Pheasant stocking will continue at Spring WHMA for both the special hunt and the general season, with releases also occurring on AccessYes properties. Release site details will be available to the public before the Nov. 1 opener.

Due to its small, isolated sage grouse population, the Jackson region does not offer a sage grouse hunting season.

WGFD says hunters will instead find strong opportunities for dusky and ruffed grouse in some of the best habitat in

VETERINARIANS

be employed to do many of the things we hire veterinarians to do on ranches.

If this sounds threatening to veterinarians, it shouldn’t.

Vet techs would work under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian, just like a nurse works under the supervision of a licensed physician or dentist.

A veterinarian might have to pay a vet tech more than he or she would pay a lay helper, but they’d be paying for the value of their education, and a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine should darn sure appreciate the value of education since most of them have spent eight years earning their terminal degree.

Now, let’s get practical. Think about the things ranchers hire veterinarians to do. They preg-check cows, they give brucellosis vaccinations, they write health papers, they do breeding soundless examination on bulls and they also do complex things like C-sections and other surgeries. They diagnose disease and other things that can be complicated.

I submit a lot of the time-consuming and physically-demanding tasks done by large animal vets could be done by trained vet techs working under the supervision of licensed veterinarians.

I am not a veterinarian, so I have not had both of my shoulders remanufactured after palpating a few hundred thousand cows. But if I was a veterinarian in cattle country, I would hire ranch-raised, Beef Quality Assurance-certified young men and women who were graduates of a certified vet tech program, and I’d put them to work doing many of the tasks that burn up time and torture my body.

However, I couldn’t do this in Wyoming because vet techs are not officially recognized for having any sort of credentials, and I couldn’t send a noncredentialed person to a ranch to preg-check cows without

the state. The department notes seasons run through December, and hunters should be aware of winter range closures beginning in December.

Upland and small game conditions remain favorable in the Cody region as well due to recent precipitation. WGFD says hunters can expect similar or slightly better opportunities than last year.

“Chukar and Hungarian partridge populations are rebounding but still aren’t at the peak of their cycles, and field managers aren’t seeing as many broods as they normally do when populations are high,” WGFD reports.

Additionally, sage grouse production in the region seems to be improving, and hunters are encouraged to contribute to population monitoring by placing wings in collection barrels across the southern Big Horn Basin.

The Sheridan region’s mild winter weather and timely spring moisture set the stage for good upland bird production.

While sage grouse seasons remain closed in much of the region, according to

continued from page 2

violating the Wyoming Veterinary Practice Act.

Let’s be realistic. All of the reasons we currently have a shortage of large animal veterinarians are not going to magically go away despite the efforts of Rollins. It is hard work. It can be dangerous. It is often remote work, and one can make a lot more money neutering poodles and tending to parrots in a small animal practice in a big city.

So, those few brave souls who choose to practice on large animals in remote areas need to amplify their reach.

Incorporating vet techs into their practice could do this.

Wyoming already has a vet tech program at EWC. This program could be significantly enhanced by resurrecting the large animal component of the curriculum, but this is only step one.

Step two is to amend the Wyoming Veterinary Practice Act to officially recognize vet techs as credentialed professionals who are allowed to perform certain veterinary functions when, and only when, they are working under the umbrella of a licensed veterinarian – just like is done with nurses and just like many other states have already done. Wyoming should lead, not follow.

For reasons I simply cannot understand, the Wyoming Veterinary Medical Association (WVMA) has historically been opposed to the credentialing of vet techs.

Recently, however, according to my sources – which are rock-solid sources – the WVMA approved a policy to recognize vet techs, which I assume includes amending the Wyoming Veterinary Practice Act.

I understand it was a very close vote at WVMA, so there are still some veterinarians who – for reasons I do not understand – are opposed to making their lives better and

WGFD, pheasant, grouse and turkey hunting opportunities look strong.

“The Sheridan Bird Farm had another excellent year, and pheasants will be released throughout the season on publicly accessible land,” WGFD says. “For those who hunt in those areas where pheasants are released, don’t forget to purchase a Pheasant Management Stamp.”

Small game

When it comes to small game, WGFD notes rabbit populations, including cottontails and snowshoe hares appear to be on the rise in the Pinedale

region, with hunting seasons open until the end of March. However, hunters should be aware of winter range closures beginning in November and December in some areas.

While cottontail numbers appear down in some areas of the Lander region, snowshoe hare and red squirrel populations remain stable, offering consistent hunting opportunities, according to WGFD’s report.

In the Cody region, WGFD says rabbit hunting should be steady or slightly improved from the previous season, while tree squir-

Big horn Basin

rel hunting is expected to be excellent in 2025. Additionally, hunters in the Green River region will find steady opportunities for cottontails and snowshoe hares in 2025-26. Look back on the Sept. 20 and Sept. 27 editions of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup for the WGFD’s 2025 hunting outlook for elk, deer, moose, bison, pronghorn, Bighorn sheep and mountain goats. Hannah Bugas is the managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

serving their far-flung clientele better by adding credentialed assistants.

Therefore, WVMA is no longer the roadblock.

According to my sources, the roadblock is now a legislative committee – I don’t know which one – which could not be convinced to amend the Wyoming Veterinary Practice Act, even though WVMA and the Wyoming Stock Growers Association wanted to do it.

I suggest it is time for cattle producers in Wyoming to start twisting arms of state legislators to get this done. The sooner, the better.

The final step to be undertaken is to resurrect the large animal component of the vet tech program at EWC –to rebuild it in the vision of Simons. If this requires some extra money, lobby for it, and if it requires EWC leadership to be persuaded to go all-in for a world-class large animal curriculum, lobby for that too.

It is ludicrous a multibillion-dollar industry in the Cowboy State is shackled by the steady loss of access to a vital service that is indispensable in the production of safe and wholesome beef from healthy and happy Wyoming cattle – not to mention the billions of dollars of trade surplus created by the interstate shipment of cattle from Wyoming to other states, which requires veterinary services.

Rollins has initiated a program at the federal level, but it’s not enough and it will take far too long to provide any real help to Wyoming ranchers who are finding it more and more difficult to procure veterinary services.

Don’t wait for the solution to come from Washington, D.C. when a simple and vital first-step is right at our doorstep.

Darrell Wilkes, PhD, is a retired Wyoming rancher who can be reached at docwilkes4@gmail.com.

Blk

1815# $18550 Pfister, Patrick - Pinedale

1 Blk Bull, 1705# $18450

1 Blk Bull, 1585# $18150 Bell, Keith - Cody 1 Hrfd Bull, 1745# $18450 Pitchfork Ranch LLC - Meeteetse

1 Blk Bull, 1970# $18350

Thurgood Ranch - Thermopolis

1 Blk Bull, 2145# $18300

Weber, Layne - Riverton

1 Blk Bull, 1320# $18300

Webo Angus - Lusk

1 Blk Bull, 1725# $18100

Breeden, Clinton - Ten Sleep

1 Hrfd Bull, 2165# $18000

Ostby, Troy - Lovell

1 Red Bull, 1620# $17725

SLS Cattle - Meeteetse

1 Blk Bull, 1625# $17500

Otter Creek Grazing Assoc - Ten Sleep

1 Blk Bull, 1860# $17250

Swing, Bryce - Worland

1 Blk Bull, 1865# $16350 COWS

Mendez Brothers - Otto

1 Blk Cow, 1575# $18000

1 Blk Cow, 1325# $17250

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1538# $17100

Trent, Kevin - Thermopolis

1 Blk Cow, 1385# $17700

Breeden, Clinton

1 Hrfd Cow, 1625# $17600

Good, Robert - Greybull

1 Blk Cow, 1685# $17550

Blackmore, Lee - Powell

1 Blk Cow, 1765# $17550

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1460# $16100

Blackstar Cattle Co. - Hyattville

1 Blk Cow, 1345# $17500

1 BWF Cow, 1390# $17100

Holland, Pamela - Worland

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1248# $17400

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1305# $16899

Wieland, Gary - Hyattville

1 BWF Cow, 1245# $17300 Verona Cattle Inc. - Wyarno

1 Blk Cowk 1325# $17100

3 Rd/Blk Cows, avg. 1363# $16400

Black, Vern - Riverton

1 Blk Cow, 1855# $17100

1 Blk Cow, 1305# $17000 Mastre, Gust - Worland

1 Blk Cow, 1560# $17000

1 Blk Cow, 1450# $15850

River Valley L&L - Lovell

1 Blk Cow, 1460# $17000

Weber, Layne - Riverton

1 Blk Cow, 1280# $16900

Berg, Bryan - Riverton

1 Blk Cow, 1570# $16850

1 Blk Cow, 1255# $16750

Hoyt, Mark - Basin

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1238# $16750

1 Blk Cow, 1600# $16300

O’Donnell, Gary - Ten Sleep

1 Blk Cow, 1540# $16700

Bjornestad Land - Manderson

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1200# $16700

BHR LLC - Dallas

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1168# $16400

Valceschini, Charles - Basin

1 Blk Cow, 1450# $16000

1 Blk Cow, 1315# $15350

O’Donnell, Kyle - Ten Sleep

1 Blk Cow, 1500# $15900

Wiechmann, Jason - Ten Sleep

2 BWF Cows, avg. 1195# $15900

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1298# $15600

Diamond Tail Ranch - Greybull

1 Blk Cow, 1260# $15700

Hamilton Ranch Inc. - Hyattville

1 Blk Cow, 1360# $15700

2 Blk Cows, avg. 1333# $15000

Ready, Michael - Thermopolis

1 Blk Cow, 1215# $14700 PAIRS

Broken Back Ranch Co. - Ten Sleep

4 Blk Pairs $4325/Hd. HEIFER CALVES

Mastre, Gust - Worland

3 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg, 307# $60250

5 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 426# $50000

Turnell Cattle Co. - Meeteetse

12 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 340# $57750

Bonita Ranch - Ten Sleep

21 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 348# $55500 18 BWF Hfr Clvs, avg. 396# $52250

Hoffman, Ron - Thermopolis

12 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 391# $50750

Johnstone Ranch LLC - Ten Sleep

5 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 400# $50250

17 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 497# $45000

Neves, Jay - Otto

25 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 436# $49000

Friesen, Kenneth - Moscow

12 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 430# $49000

27 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 502# $45800

Geis, Ernest - Worland

4 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 440# $49000

10 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 500# $46600

Pierce, Karl - Deaver

9 BWF Hfr Clvs, avg. 397# $48350

13 BWF Hfr Clvs, avg. 482# $45500

Pierce, Sr., Kenny - Deaver

17 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 440# $48000

Hoffman, Ron - Thermopolis

18 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 436# $48000

Pfister, Patrick - Pinedale

15 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 488# $46500

3 F LLC - Worland

17 Red Hfr Clvs, avg. 436# $46400

O’Donnell, Kyle - Ten Sleep

4 BWF Hfr Clvs, avg. 531# $42400

Gerstner, John - Ten Sleep

3 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 632# $38250

Foss, Luke - Basin

11 Blk Hfr Clvs, avg. 573# $38250 STEER CALVES

Bonita Ranch - Ten Sleep

18 BWF Str Clvs, avg. 299# $70250

42 Blk Str Clvs, avg. 361# $61300

26 BWF Str Clvs, avg. 429# $57000

6 Blk Str Clvs, avg. 495# $49750 Warner Living Trust - Pavillion

1 BWF Str Calf, 275# $66000

Turnell Cattle Co. - Meeteetse

22 Blk Str Clvs, avg. 368# $63900

PAR Ranch - Meeteetse 26 Blk Str Clvs, avg. 365# $61200

Blk Str Clvs, avg. 481# $51400 12 Blk Str Clvs, avg. 542# $46200 Mascaro, Jr., Leland - Ten Sleep 19 Blk Str

Consignments • October 13 • Mopnday • Bawl of the Fall Feeder Special

Hampton Sheep Co. – 200 mixed black, 380-600#, shots at branding, FerAppease at shipping.

Campbell Inc. – 100 mixed balck, 450-550#.

Kyle Tharp – 60 mixed black, 450-500#, complete vacc at branding.

Brubaker Sheep Co. – 60 mixed black, 450-550#, two rounds of shots.

Max Gifford – 40 black and red steers, weaned 60 days, 500-600#, two rounds of shots.

Shawn & Trace Stoffers – 35 mixed black and red, 450-550#, two rounds of shots.

Truman Trosper – 50 mixed black, 400-600#, shots at branding, high elevation.

John & Dar Griffin – 50 mixed black & BWF few here, 500-550#, complete vacc at branding, knife cut.

Triple C Farms – 10 black steers, 600#, shots at branding.

Daniel Gingerich – 45 mixed black & red, 500-525#, shots at branding.

Keith Bell – 16 mixed black & Hereford, 450-700#, complete vacc.

Steve Bockman – 16 mixed black, 500-600#, two rounds of shots.

October 27 • Monday • Bawl of the Fall Feeder Special

Bjornestad Land & Cattle – 100 black steers; 100 black heifers, 500-550#, shots at branding.

November 10 • Monday • Bawl of the Fall Feeder Special

Broken Back Ranch – 135 black steers; 45 black heifers, 400-450#, spring and fall shots.

with the U.S. Department of Justice to represent both agencies’ commitment to understanding and protecting U.S. ag producers from “burdens imposed by high input costs,” while also ensuring supply chains remain competitive, consumer prices remain low and the U.S. food supply remains resilient.

USDA notes, “U.S. farm production inputs are significantly more costly than four years ago, putting pressure on farmers’ bot-

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tom line. Between 2020 and now, seed expenses have increased 18 percent, fuel and oil expenses increased 32 percent, fertilizer expenses increased 37 percent and interest expenses increased by a whopping 73 percent.”

The department mentions labor costs have increased 47 percent since 2020 as well and says it will work with the U.S. Department of Labor and U.S. Department of Homeland Security to make the

H-2A visa program more affordable and accessible for producers.

“The last administration’s policies drove up inflation and ignored the needs of farmers and ranchers. The cost of doing business for producers has increased drastically, and commodity prices slumped,” Rollins said. “The Trump administration is holding these companies accountable and will investigate why input prices have not come back down. Relief is already reaching farms and ranches, but more help is still needed.”

Broader farming agenda

In an effort to provide relief to the nation’s farmers, Rollins rolled out several new and revamped programs for crop and row crop producers.

First, USDA pledged to expand market access programs in an effort to bolster exports of U.S. commodities. In fact, an additional $285 million per year was included in Trump’s One Big Beautiful Bill to help American ag expand to overseas markets through trade promotion and facilitation.

“While the funding does not kick in until next

year, USDA will repurpose Biden-era funding to kickstart this program one year early, with $285 million available on Oct. 2, launching the America First Trade Promotion Program to expand market opportunities for American agricultural products,” the press release reads.

After expediting emergency aid payments of more than $8 billion to over 560,000 farmers since March, the second initiative includes providing $2 billion in remaining funding for the Emergency Commodity Assistance Program (ECAP), as well as purchasing more than 417,000 metric tons of American-grown commodities to support international food assistance programs.

tle inventory has fallen to its lowest levels in decades, as a result of prolonged drought, high production costs and widespread herd liquidation.

During her remarks at the Agricultural Outlook Forum, Rollins said this trend is “a national concern for food security” and warned that America can’t afford to be complacent about its beef supply.

Simultaneously, USDA will invest $480 million to purchase commodities from American farmers for international food assistance programs like the McGovernDole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition and Food for Progress.

“These purchases will provide critical school meals and nutrition projects in countries such as Benin, Honduras, Mozambique, Pakistan and Senegal, while also removing trade barriers and ensuring market access for U.S. agricultural exports in countries including Colombia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Vietnam, Nigeria and Nepal,” USDA explains.

The fourth and final initiative is aimed at helping producers offset higher input costs and falling commodity prices through ECAP funding.

The department vows to deliver the remaining $2 billion in ECAP funding to approved producers, bringing the final payment factor to 99 percent.

“In addition to ECAP, USDA has provided more than $2 billion through two rounds of Emergency Livestock Relief Program assistance to livestock producers impacted by drought, wildfires and floods,” the department notes. “Producers have also received over $5.5 billion through Stage One of the Supplemental Disaster Relief Program, with Stage Two assistance to be announced in October.”

Rebuilding the cow herd

In regards to livestock, Rollins noted the U.S. cat-

While Rollins noted a more detailed strategy –developed with the help of the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) – will come out in the middle of October, she hinted that USDA intends to expand grazing access on working and federal lands, strengthen risk management tools such as insurance and marketing programs to give ranchers more certainty in volatile markets and enhance animal health safeguards, especially with New World screwworm creeping closer to the Southern Border.

However, to the dismay of many producers, Rollins said the USDA’s plan will stop short of offering direct subsidies or payments to incentivize cattle producers to expand the national herd.

“There’s been a lot of speculation about this in the news in the last couple of days. We have no current plans to offer any payment to beef producers,” Rollins said. “We see how the government getting involved can completely distort the markets so, currently, there will be no plan – and no plan is even under consideration – to insert ourselves through payments into the beef cattle industry.”

Rollins also acknowledged the rebuild will be slow.

“Our cattle inventory cannot be rebuilt overnight, but we can put the conditions in place to make it possible,” she said.

Rollins concluded, “Despite the ongoing storms, I am confident our best days in American agriculture are truly ahead. American farmers produce the most nutritious, safe and high-value food in the world, and USDA is proud to stand with them at home and abroad.”

Hannah Bugas is the managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

pressure on farm budgets.

Farmers are facing a familiar challenge – building budgets and making planting decisions with unpredictable fertilizer markets.

Current fertilizer prices

Phosphates have had the sharpest price increase this year. Gulf diammonium phosphate (DAP) prices rose from about $583 per ton in January 2025 to nearly $800 in August. This is a 36 percent increase in less than eight months, creating new strain for already struggling crop budgets.

Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) has followed a similar trend, reflecting the same pressures in production costs and export availability.

Nitrogen markets have been mixed but still volatile. Urea prices rose sharply into the summer before easing modestly. Tampa ammonia settlements reached about $487 per metric ton in August and market indications suggest higher prices in September.

Urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) solutions have shown regional variation, with tighter supplies in areas farther from production hubs and import terminals, while regions closer to key river or rail transport routes have had more consistent availability.

These swings highlight how quickly nitrogen prices can change in response to global trade and natural gas markets.

Potash prices are also rising compared to last year. Global spot values hover around $350 to $360 per metric ton, which is about 21 percent higher than in 2024.

U.S. wholesale prices have been further supported by concerns over tariff actions on Canadian imports. Currently, potash imports from Canada are subject to a 10 percent tariff.

While none of these prices are as severe as the extreme highs recorded in 2022, the upward direction in 2025 is a reminder fertilizer markets remain in flux and sensitive to global developments.

Trade and policy actions

Global trade policy is directly shaping fertilizer markets.

On July 1, the European Union began applying tariffs on Russian fertilizer imports. This move redirected Russian supplies toward other markets such as Brazil, India and potentially the U.S. The shift tightened availability in other markets and supported global prices.

In North America, U.S. tariffs on Canadian goods have drawn attention because of the potential impact on potash. Canada supplies the vast majority of U.S. potash imports. Even without direct restrictions, the perception of risk has lifted U.S. wholesale values, creating uncertainty for farm buyers.

China has also played a central role. Early in

2025, the Chinese government restricted phosphate and urea exports to protect domestic supplies. Those policies sharply reduced global availability and contributed to higher prices.

In July, China allowed more fertilizer exports after previously keeping shipments very restricted. While this briefly increased global supplies, China often changes its export rules with little notice, creating uncertainty for buyers and sellers worldwide.

Each policy shift ripples quickly through international prices and eventually into farm budgets.

Structural supply risks

Importantly, fertilizer markets are shaped not only by short-term shocks but also by long-term structural risks. The industry is highly concentrated – a small number of countries dominate nitrogen, phosphate and potash production, leaving supply chains exposed to geopolitical or logistical disruptions.

Investments in new ammonia capacity are concentrated in countries with low-cost gas and in decarbonization hubs like the U.S., Qatar and Nigeria.

Europe, in contrast, has seen permanent fertilizer plant closures due to high energy costs.

Potash supply is concentrated in just a few regions, with Canada, Russia and Belarus accounting for more than two-thirds of world exports. Phosphate production is dominated by Morocco, China and Saudi Arabia. For nitrogen, natural gas supply – which is a key

component in nitrogen fertilizer – remains the critical bottleneck.

These structural dynamics mean geopolitical events – from sanctions on Russia to unrest in the Middle East – carry outsized impacts on farm input costs worldwide.

Geopolitical pressures

The Russia-Ukraine conflict remains a defining backdrop for fertilizer trade.

Russia is a top exporter of nitrogen, phosphate and potash, while Belarus – aligned with Russia – is another major potash supplier.

Sanctions and shipping restrictions from other countries continue to complicate trade.

Although Russia has rerouted fertilizer to markets like Brazil and India, ammonia exports remain more than 80 percent below prewar levels.

Ukraine’s domestic production has been severely disrupted, further tightening global availability. Ukraine typically produces nitrogenbased fertilizers, particularly ammonium nitrate, UAN and urea.

In the Middle East, rising tensions between Israel and Iran have raised risks of regional disruption. The area is critical for global natural gas and ammonia production, as well as containing shipping routes like the Suez Canal which connects fertilizer producers in North Africa and the Gulf with European and American buyers.

Morocco and Saudi Arabia are also expanding phosphate capacity, making the region even more important for global supply security.

Any instability interrupting these flows can amplify the price pressures farmers already face.

Energy markets

Energy remains a critical factor in fertilizer prices because natural gas is the main feedstock for nitrogen fertilizer.

In the U.S., natural gas prices are projected to rise into late 2025-26 as liquefied natural gas export capacity grows. This means the baseline cost of producing ammonia, urea and UAN is higher than it was in early 2024, when gas was relatively cheap.

In Europe, natural gas prices are far below the crisis levels of 2022 but still remain volatile. Weather, storage levels and liquified natural gas (LNG) shipments all influence prices.

A cold winter or disruptions in LNG supply could quickly push European gas prices higher, forcing producers to raise ammonia and urea prices that flow into the global market.

Taken together, geopolitical conflict, trade restrictions and rising energy costs explain why fertilizer markets remain high and volatile despite the absence of the extreme energy shock of 2022.

Impact on farmers

The return of higher fertilizer prices has direct consequences for farm finances.

As of late 2025, fertilizer costs are trending above last year’s levels and are expected to remain elevated into 2026. This increase comes at a time when crop receipts are shrinking, especially in major row crops, leaving farmers with thinner, even negative, margins.

Volatility is also expected to be a defining

feature of the months ahead.

Seasonal swings in natural gas markets during the winter, coupled with shifting Chinese export policies, are likely to create added price uncertainty in the fourth quarter of 2025 and the first quarter of 2026.

Markets can change direction quickly, making it difficult for producers to anticipate input costs with certainty.

These higher fertilizer costs ripple beyond individual purchasing decisions and tie directly into broader farm income trends.

U.S. Department of Agriculture projections show overall production expenses rising in 2025, with fertilizer and lime counting for seven percent of production expenses.

At the same time, crop revenues are falling, a dynamic which compounds financial pressure on farmers. The result is an extreme squeeze on margins more pronounced for row crops, where nutrient requirements and production costs per acre are higher.

The combined effect of higher expenses and lower revenues is contributing to warnings of stress in the farm economy.

Even though conditions differ across regions and commodities, the overarching pattern is clear – farmers are entering another year in which volatile markets and tight or negative margins reduce their ability to accommodate rising costs.

Conclusion

Fertilizer markets in

2025 look different than they did in 2022 but carry the same message for farmers – input costs remain highly volatile.

Instead of being driven mainly by energy shortages and shipping bottlenecks, today’s increases are rooted in trade uncertainty, natural gas trends and regional conflicts.

Concentration of supply in a handful of countries means geopolitical risk has become a permanent feature of fertilizer markets. Fertilizer markets illustrate how global geopolitics directly influence U.S. farmers’ bottom lines.

The war in Ukraine continues to limit reliable exports, while tensions in the Middle East inject risk into global phosphate and natural gas supplies.

For the farm economy, the year ahead points to another period of tight or negative margins shaped as much by input costs as by falling crop prices.

The combination of higher expenses and weaker crop revenues is expected to weigh on overall net farm income, particularly for row crop producers.

Fertilizer remains one of the largest and most volatile expenses for crop production, meaning even modest swings in price can alter the outlook for profitability.

Faith Parum is an economist for the American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF). This article was originally published in AFBF’s Sept. 11 Market Intel

wet meadows and uplands remain healthy.

NL Land and Livestock, Inc.

NL Land and Livestock, Inc. is owned and operated by Mary Hay, Tom Chant and Archie Chant. The family has cared for the land and wildlife for several generations from South Pass and the Sweetwater River to the Interstate 80 corridor near Tipton

The family was all in when WGFD approached them to convert 23 miles of woven-wire fence to a more wildlife-friendly design to help migrating pronghorn in the Red Desert. The project opened more than 18,000 acres of critical winter range habitat for the Red Desert pronghorn herd.

Tom also participated in an outreach effort with the University of Wyoming Migration Initiative to spread the word to other land managers in the Red

Desert to convert problematic fences to aid movement corridors for wildlife.

The Bar X portion of NL Land and Livestock, Inc. is located north of the Red Desert along the Sweetwater River.

Archie has improved fencing and protected riparian areas along the river. He asked WGFD to relocate problem beavers to the property to help keep water on the ranch.

This portion of the ranch supports large numbers of sage grouse and provides quality habitat for moose, elk, mule deer and pronghorn.

Converting woven-wire fencing to wildlife-friendly designs is enhancing pronghorn migration and making seasonal movements easier for all wildlife along the Sweetwater River on South Pass.

Tom and his family have been part of the Red Rim-Grizzly Wildlife Hab-

itat Management Area (WHMA) grazing program since 2016 and have been a cooperative partner on the WHMA, assisting with fence conversions and many tasks involving maintenance of the property.

Falxa Ranch

Betty Falxa, her late husband Martin and the family conserve more than 25,000 acres in Johnson and Washakie counties and provide wide-open spaces for wildlife.

The Falxas worked with WGFD and other partners to complete extensive habitat improvement projects to benefit wildlife including a grazing management plan and installation of cross fencing to help facilitate a rotational grazing system.

The ranch implemented prescribed fire and sagebrush mowing to rejuvenate decadent mountain sagebrush stands for the benefit of elk, deer and sage grouse.

On the Johnson County property, the ranch worked with WGFD and the Lake

DeSmet Conservation District to rejuvenate hundreds of acres of degraded rangeland to improve rangeland production for livestock and wildlife.

Audubon Rockies designated the Johnson County property as an Important Bird Area, and the property also provides crucial breeding habitat for sage grouse in the Buffalo Sage Grouse Core Area.

The House Draw Fire of 2024 burned sagebrush habitat on the Johnson County ranch, but Betty jumped at the chance for the fire’s restoration team to replant sagebrush. She also allowed conservation partners to build Zeedyk structures on her property.

The Falxa Ranch has always been a cooperator in the advancement of scientific research and conservation education by granting WGFD access for monitoring activities and allowing personnel access to and across the property during fall field seasons.

The ranch has provided access for three different sage grouse studies in the Powder River Basin.

J Bar 9 Ranch

Located south of Cody in the heart of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the J Bar 9 Ranch demonstrates an unwavering commitment to wildlife conservation, habitat enhancement and collaborative efforts which benefit Wyoming’s natural resources.

Under the leadership of Ranch Manager Bob Curtis, the ranch has been an exemplary partner in wildlife stewardship through its contributions to elk and mule deer research, wildlife habitat management and its broader conservation initiative in the South Fork of the Shoshone River drainage.

The ranch has played an essential role in advancing scientific understanding of Wyoming’s wildlife populations, particularly through its partnership in elk and mule deer collaring studies.

The ranch has provided land access to researchers conducting these studies, which has improved WGFD’s knowledge of movement patterns, habitat use and survival rates of these species.

CATTLE

The ranch engaged in habitat conservation proj-

ects to enhance winter range and migration corridors for big game. These efforts include strategic grazing management, invasive species control and the implementation of wildlifefriendly fencing.

The ranch works closely with WGFD, conservation organizations and local landowners to facilitate conservation strategies to enhance wildlife connectivity and ecosystem resilience.

The ranch has been active in land trades with the U.S. Forest Service and adjacent property owners to preserve connectivity, limit development and provide winter range for wildlife.

The ranch allows access to sportspeople from the Outdoor Dream Foundation and Wyoming Disabled Hunters to hunt elk every year. The Curtis family provides assistance to other elderly and disabled elk hunters as well.

Through this, the ranch has helped bridge the gap between private land stewardship and regional wildlife management goals.

WGFD is dedicated to conserving, enhancing and protecting Wyoming’s fish and wildlife resources and the habitats that support them. For more information, visit wgfd.wyo.gov

Dear Editor,

For those of us who have been around for quite a few decades, “discipline” was always a word we primarily associated with children – parents disciplined their kids and teachers disciplined their students.

In the 21st century, discipline – or the lack thereof – is a practice easily associated with adults. As adults, we are understandably averse to being disciplined by other adults.

Yet, our lack of self-discipline in our relationships with others often begs for imposed discipline.

This lack of self-discipline clearly manifests itself in much of our political process. Just look at our U.S. Congress as a blatant example.

A majority are incapable of, or unwilling to, set aside their passions or egos to come together on issues which clearly impact all American citizens.

Just this month, videos of an effort to bring members together for a moment of prayer over the brutal murder of Charlie Kirk, a political advocate praised by some and despised by others, showed a picture of utter chaos.

Closer to home, I have personally experienced the dramatic decline of the discipline that formerly defined the Wyoming Legislature.

Interim committee meetings once limited to specific topics assigned by leadership have become public arenas for members to expound on and propose legislation on topics of personal passion.

This will inevitably lead to a plethora of bills coming before the 2026 Budget Session which should be dedicated to passage of a budget carefully crafted to meet the need of Wyoming citizens while assuring a stable financial climate for state and local governments.

Legislative leadership positions, once a recognition of years of strong dedicated service, are now too often based on commitment to a narrow political philosophy.

It is these leaders who are primarily responsible for building and inspiring functioning legislative bodies dedicated to reaching mutually acceptable outcomes while respecting diverse philosophies.

I believe our current leaders are capable of meeting this challenge. I urge them to place achievement of this outcome at the top of their to-do list for 2026.

OBITUARIES

Joseph “Joe” C. Nield

Dec. 12, 1968 – Sept. 20, 2025

Joseph “Joe” C. Nield, age 56, of Afton passed away on Sept. 20 by Steer Creek at the herder’s camp up the Little Greys River. Fall round-up was in prog-

ress, and he was surrounded by family and friends doing what he loved with the people he loved when he passed. The circumstances of Joe’s passing have been a comfort and a blessing to his family. Joe spent the day gathering cows on McCain Meadows. After returning to camp, Joe spent time with his grandkids and visited with those present. It would be difficult to imagine a bet ter day.

1968 in Afton to L. Dee and Joan Nield. He was the youngest of six children.

Kenneth “Kenny” Ballard Aug. 9, 1936 – Sept. 15, 2025

Kenneth “Kenny” Ballard passed peacefully on Sept. 15 at the Memorial Hospital of Converse County in Douglas.

Kenny lived the traditional Western American lifestyle. He spent a good part of his life horseback –ranching and doing rodeo. He was a self-taught artist and enjoyed illustrating his life experiences through drawings and bronzes. Later in life, he became a pilot and took up golf.

He was a colorful character who loved to laugh and tell stories. He will be missed.

Kenny was born in Douglas on Aug. 9, 1936. He was the third of four sons born to William Emmett and Elisabeth Rose (Schick) Ballard. He grew up on the family ranch on Snyder Creek, north of Lance Creek. His family raised Hereford cattle and Rambouillet sheep. He graduated from Douglas High School in 1954 and was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1958, where he served in the infantry.

Kenny married the love of his life Donna Nelson of Laramie on Feb. 20, 1962. Kenny and Donna raised two sons – Duane and Lester Ballard.

Kenny was a successful rancher and accomplished horseman. At the age of 15, he began breaking horses, gathering wild horses and working on ranches around Lusk, including Schmidt Brothers, Joss Ranch, Jordan Ranch and Rawhide Ranch.

He attended Star Valley High School and graduated with the class of 1987.

Joe served as a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Canada Vancouver Mission from 1988-90.

When Joe returned from his mission, he attended Rick’s College where he met his wife Kay Lynn Hill. They were married on Sept. 11, 1992 in the Logan, Utah temple. They did not return to school that fall and instead began their married life herding cows on the Little Greys forest permit for the remainder of the grazing

He later managed the Horse Creek Ranch in Albany County, the Medicine Bow Ranch in Carbon County and the Yellowstone Ranch in Fremont County.

ers Bill on March 10, 1992, Don on Aug. 10, 1993 and Richie on Jan. 8, 2022.

He is survived by his wife Donna Ballard; sons Duane Ballard and Lester Ballard; granddaughter Mariah Ballard Tokkesdal; grandsons Devin Ballard, Amani Ballard, Jorell Ballard and Karlon Ballard; niece Angie Ballard Thomas and honorary daughter Marie Sermon Zumwalt.

Kenny’s wishes were to have his ashes scattered from the air over the Sweetwater Canyon in the southern Wind River Mountains.

Codi, Wyatt, Jamie, Kim, Page and Seth. Joe and Kay Lynn raised their children on the ranch that they purchased from L. Dee and Joan.

Joe was able to involve his children in his work and taught them all lifelong lessons which served them well. The thought and consideration he put into the work he did was of the utmost importance to him.

Joe was a lifelong learner, and he loved to share his knowledge. He was a teacher and a mentor to many over the years. He always joked about anticipating the day when he had

all his kids “trained up” so he didn’t have to keep instructing everyone, but he always seemed to find more kids and people to teach and he was so proud of them when they did a job well.

His advice and instruction will be missed by many.

Joe was a man of deep faith and dedicated service. He served faithfully in his church callings and in many other leadership roles, always striving to help and uplift those around him.

His influence reached far beyond his own home.

He inspired and guided countless friends, neighbors

and community members throughout his life.

Joe is preceded in death by his parents L. Dee and Joan Nield and his brother Terry Nield.

Joe is survived by his wife Kay Lynn; children McKay (Seth) Haderlie, Codi Nield, Wyatt (Sophie) Nield, Jamie (Bryant) Dimond, Kimberlee (Rustin) Rinderknecht, Page (Jay) Lee and Seth Nield and grandchildren Ryker, Reagan and Quinn. Joe is also survived by his siblings Dee Ann Gardner, Julie Nield, Claudia (Ron) Anderson and Lori (Ern) Cornia.

Kenny competed professionally in major rodeos throughout the U.S. for 20 years.

“K.B.” as he was known, competed in saddle bronc, steer wrestling and team roping, often winning the allaround title. He won the Wyoming All-Around Cowboy title in 1969, and he was inducted into the Wyoming Cowboy Hall of Fame in 2018.

Kenny enjoyed sharing his Western experiences through colorful stories and creative artwork.

Most of his drawings depict the actual rodeo rides he had seen from memory. A great many sketches were drawn at the time of the ride and given to rodeo friends. Later in life, his art portrayed the ranch life he loved.

After retiring from ranching, he became a pilot, logging thousands of hours in his 1958 Cessna 175XP. His favorite times were spent with his younger brother Richie, sharing their interest in airplanes and flying over the landscapes they loved.

Kenny enjoyed dropping in on his ranching friends, landing on nearby roads to visit.

Kenny is preceded in death by his father Emmett Ballard on June 4, 1978; mother Elisabeth Ballard on Nov. 13, 1995 and broth-

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) named winners of the 2025 Rangeland Stewardship and Rangeland Innovations awards, which recognize exemplary management and outstanding accomplishments in restoring and maintaining the health of public rangelands.

BLM presented the

awards on Sept. 17 at a ceremony hosted by the Public Lands Council (PLC) during its 57th Annual Meeting in Flagstaff, Ariz. BLM and PLC continue a 20-year partnership to honor BLM livestock grazing permittees and lessees who demonstrate exceptional management, collabo-

ration and communication to restore, conserve or enhance public lands.

“The BLM partners with 18,000 permittees to manage livestock grazing on about 21,000 allotments covering 155 million acres of public lands, supporting about 36,000 jobs and generating $2.87 billion in annual eco-

DAVID MEEK ESTATE AUCTION

Auctioneer's

Saturday, October 11, 2025

Live auction begins at 10 a.m. 10950 Goodson Road, Colorado Springs, CO

Note: David Meek was a local business owner who was also deeply involved in rodeo and vehicle racing.

He had a huge collection of items that will make this auction a must for all mechanics, race and Western enthusiasts and collectors. This will be a live and simulcast

Double Diamond Auctions, LLC

nomic output,” said BLM Acting Director Bill Groffy. “These awardees represent collaborative, locally-led efforts to apply new technologies and grazing practices to provide more flexibility to producers and improve rangeland health and public lands ecosystems.”

“As federal lands ranchers, we are all partners with BLM in maintaining western landscapes and raising livestock with the best available methods. Livestock grazing creates robust habitat, prevents catastrophic wildfires and produces wholesome consumer products. The benefits are numerous, but it takes a tremendous amount of hard work,” said PLC President Tim Canterbury.

“This is not an easy job, and it only gets tougher every year – but these award recipients have proven their ranching and conservation prowess beyond any doubt,” Canterbury continued. “PLC congratulates these award winners, and I am personally honored to share this profession and our traditions with them.”

Rangeland Stewardship Award

The Rangeland Steward-

ship Awards recognize the demonstrated use of beneficial management practices to restore, protect or enhance rangeland resources while working with the BLM and other partners.

The winner of the 2025 Rangeland Stewardship Award Permittee Category is the Molsbee family of Cottonwood Ranch in Wells, Nev., nominated by the Wells Field Office of BLM Nevada.

This sixth-generation beef and horse ranch includes 36,000 acres of federal grazing permits in northeast Nevada. It has been a cornerstone of the local community and economy for over 60 years and is currently home to four generations.

Family patriarch Agee Smith has served in local, county and state conservation district and commission leadership roles since the 1980s. His daughter and son-in-law McKenzie and Jason Molsbee are incorporating new technologies as they raise their sons to apply sustainable ranching operations.

In partnership with the University of Nevada, Reno; BLM and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), they have spent five years refining virtual fencing technology and are now using their fifth-generation collar design.

The ranch has significantly improved ecosystem health, restored riparian areas, expanded redband trout habitat and boosted beaver and moose activity, while more than doubling cattle stocking rates.

Rangeland Innovations Awards

The Rangeland Innovations Awards recognize outstanding examples of demonstrated creativity, willingness to embrace change and/ or a modified perspective or approach to persistent rangeland stewardship challenges, in addition to accomplishments meriting the Rangeland Stewardship Award.

The 2025 Rangeland Innovations Award Permittee Category winner is the Sanders and Davies families of Roaring Springs Ranch in Frenchglen, Ore., nominated by the Burns and Lakeview district offices of BLM Oregon/Washington.

Roaring Springs Ranch is a beef operation sprawling over a million acres of deeded land and BLM grazing allotments between 4,500 to 8,000 feet in elevation of high desert in southeast Oregon.

The ranch has participated in the BLM’s outcome-based grazing authorization initiative since 2016. Their approach blends

long-standing land stewardship with modern science and technology, improving outcomes for both livestock and natural resources.

The ranch partners with agencies and universities including the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, University of Nevada, Reno; Brigham Young University and Oregon State University, including their Northern Great Basin Agricultural Research Station.

From tracking sage grouse and mule deer to studying cheatgrass management, the familiesʼ decisions are grounded in science supporting abundant wildlife, clean water and open spaces.

The 2025 Rangeland Innovations Award Collaborative Team Category winner is the Massey Ranch Precision Ranching and Virtual Fencing Project of Animas, N.M., nominated by the Las Cruces District Office of BLM New Mexico.

This project represents a significant advancement in sustainable agriculture and conservation practices, particularly focusing on the enhancement of rangeland stewardship, native plants and wildlife habitat.

It is a collaboration with the Massey family of Massey Ranch, New Mexico State University’s (NMSU) Jornada Experimental Range, Dr. Santiago Utsumi of NMSU’s Department of Animal and Range Science, Bat Conservation International, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, Sierra Soil and Water Conservation District and the BLM’s Abandoned Mine Lands Program and Las Cruces District Office.

The project applies emerging technologies to manage grazing while minimizing environmental impact to public lands. Ranchers use virtual fencing to direct livestock movement more effectively and target grazing to promote pasture recovery and enhance native vegetation.

The project uses a custom real-time overview dashboard with remote and local sensor systems to monitor livestock, water and weather across 30,000 acres of arid rangeland in southwest New Mexico.

PLC represents cattle and sheep producers who hold approximately 22,000 public lands grazing permits. PLC works in active partnership with the BLM, the U.S. Forest Service, the National Park Service, FWS and local land management offices to make landscapes more resilient across the West. For more information, visit publiclandscouncil.org/

The Mother Road by Lee Pitts IT'S THE PITTS

I know exactly when I fell in love with the West.

I’ve always been proud to call myself a westerner, but an entire new world opened up to me at the age of five when we took one of only two vacations we ever took together as a family – both of them to Missouri – to visit my grandparents on my father’s side. It was the only two times I ever saw them.

I guess you could have called us “reverse Okies” because my father’s family came out to California during the Dust Bowl days, and here we were headed back on the same road – a road called Route 66.

This is when my infatuation with the West began. We took what was also called the “Migrant Road” and the “Road of Flight.” It was a two-lane, mostly-asphalt highway stretching from Los Angeles to Chicago.

Route 66 introduced me to parts of the West I’d never seen, and I loved every minute of it.

The Mother Road became so famous, there was even a popular television show I never missed called “Route 66” featuring two guys in their Corvette who “got their kicks on Route 66.”

Route 66 was also called “America’s Main Street” because the empty intervals were broken by trading posts, gas stations, motels and restaurants selling everything from “genuine” Native America moccasins made in Japan, to petrified wood salt and

pepper shakers.

In the Arizona and New Mexico Native American trading posts, one could buy Kachina dolls, cowboy hats, belts and horns from real Longhorns. In Texas and Oklahoma, there were tiny vials of black crude.

Route 66 was littered with huge, unique billboards advertising gila monsters and mountain lions just 30 miles down the road and real rattlesnakes in Santa Rosa, N.M.

The Jackrabbit Trading Post billboards featured huge jackrabbits telling kids in the backseat they should nag their parents to pull in so they could buy “authentic” feathered headdresses and cap guns.

Further down the road in Post, Texas, one could stop to see a real jackalope – a cross between a jackrabbit and an antelope. I still have a postcard of a cowboy mounted on one.

And who could forget the Burma Shave signs which chopped up funny messages in multiple signs divided by miles of highway like the one saying, “Don’t hang your arm out too far, it might go home in another car. Buy Burma Shave.”

Gas stations were an oasis on Route 66, and even before the car stopped rolling, car doors would fly open and everyone would head for the restrooms.

I’d never heard of Whiting Brothers gas stations before, which were advertised on long yellow signs.

Nor had I seen a Mohawk,

Outdoor recreation prioritized

On Sept. 30, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), U.S. Forest Service, Appalachian Regional Commission, Denali Commission and Northern Border Regional Commission have selected the Powell Economic Partnership to be a part of the Recreation Economy for Rural Communities (RERC) planning assistance program.

“In Wyoming, we know firsthand how outdoor assets are cornerstones of both economic growth and quality of life in rural communities,” said EPA Regional Administrator Cyrus Western. “By supporting the Powell Economic Partnership, EPA is helping ensure local leaders have the tools they need to advance their economy, create jobs and safeguard their natural resources.”

The RERC program helps rural communities leverage outdoor recreation to revitalize their main streets, leading to economic growth and improved environmental protection.

The Powell Economic Partnership will use EPA and federal partner support to create a cohesive outdoor recreation strategy, building trail connections between multiple towns within Park County. They will also identify strategies to maintain natural assets and stewardship of natural resources while planning for outdoor recreation.

The Powell Economic Partnership was among 25 small and rural communities planning to undertake a variety of revitalization projects.

A federal team will partner with each community to guide planning and strengthen local resilience. Participants will work together to develop strategies and specific actions to meet their locally defined goals.

Communities were chosen from a pool of 200 applicants following a comprehensive interagency review process.

DX, Horn Brothers, Skelly, Hedges or Phillips 66 station where they not only washed the windows, they checked the oil and the pressure in the tires, offered free ice for the ice chest and they’d fill the water bag hanging off of the front bumper that most cars carried in case the radiator blew – all for only 29 cents per gallon of gas. Mostly we ate out of our

ice chest, but I’ll never forget the potato soup in Shamrock, Texas; the fried chicken at Ptomaine Joe’s Place; the Iceberg Cafe in Albuquerque, N.M in the shape of an Iceberg; the Mexican restaurant formed like a sombrero; a café cobbled together to look like a shoe and the orange juice sold from a roadside stand in the shape of an orange.

A huge cowboy adver-

tised The Big Texas Steak Ranch in Amarillo, Texas, and it’s still there today, only in a different location. And one can still get a 72-ounce steak for free if they eat it and all the fixins.

Many of the cars we met on Route 66 had a bumper sticker advertising the Meramec Caverns in Missouri or the Meteor Crater in Arizona.

My biggest regret was we

Austin Snook • 307-290-2161

Taylor Snook • 307-290-2273

Craig Deveraux • 307-746-5690

Dan Catlin • 406-671-7715

Clint Snook • 307-290-4000

Cheyenne Seymour • 605-641-0638

didn’t stop to spend one night in a Wigwam Village teepee so I could see the inside of one. I also never got to put any change in a Magic Finger’s Mattress featured in multiple “motor courts.” Funny, in two round trips to Missouri, I never did get to see a single jackalope. Come to think of it, I have never seen one. But I’m still looking.

Kyle Kallhoff • 605-881-1526

Casey Sellers • 307-217-2614

Jim Forbes • 307-351-5932

Tye Curuchet • 307-351-8666

Daniel Escoz • 307-217-1440

Kade Kinghorn • 307-620-0525

"From the ring, to the video, and in the country, we market your livestock the competitive way."

October 1, 2025

Another run of Spring Calves coming in mostly packages, selling on a steady market. Reminder Spring Calf Special Wed

Oct 8th. Please keep in mind we will be selling Weigh Ups on Saturdays for the rest of the fall. Thank you and we appreciate your business!

2

BLK-HFRCF

9 RWF-HFRCF 511 427.00 WT 2,182.44

WESTON MANN, WYARNO WY

13 BLK-STRCF 567 442.00 WT 2,505.80

8 BLK-HFRCF 518 424.00 WT 2,194.20

THREE BROTHERS LLC, BUFFALO WY

8 BLK-STRCF 625 425.00 WT 2,656.25

GREG L & BRENDA MICHELENA, CLEARMONT WY

9 BLK-STRCF 538 471.00 WT 2,535.55

MIKE WIGEN, OTTER MT

6 BLK-HFRCF 460 468.50 WT 2,155.10

V BAR F CATTLE COMPANY IN, BUFFALO WY

6 BLK-STRCF 586 446.00 WT 2,612.81

8 BLK-STRCF 408 565.00 WT 2,302.37

4 BLK-STRCF 396 565.00 WT 2,238.81

23 BLK-HFRCF 434 485.00 WT 2,103.42

EMERY & KELLY WALKER FAMILY R, ROZET WY

20 BLK-HFRCF 458 466.00 WT 2,131.95

9 BLK-HFRCF 401 473.00 WT 1,894.62

CODY OR LAUREN COLLINS, BUFFALO WY

6 BLK-STRCF 649 408.00 WT 2,648.60

5 BWF-HFRCF 624 379.00 WT 2,364.96

BRIAN & AUDREY PRYOR, KAYCEE WY

8 BLK-HFRCF 483 454.00 WT 2,193.38

BRENT STROCK, DOUGLAS WY

5 RED-STRCF 604 422.00 WT 2,548.88

3 RED-STRCF 472 520.00 WT 2,452.66

5

6F LIVESTOCK LLC, KAYCEE WY

CHARLES OR VANESSA RAGELS, GILLETTE WY

GEORGE G. & LORRAINE

GOSNEY

SINCLAIR CATTLE COMPANY C, FREDERICK

BLK-HFRCF 349 510.00 WT 1,781.35 HERB OR CAROL OR CALEB FRENCH, SHERIDAN W 4 RED-STRCF 549 442.00 WT 2,425.47

TEDDY J AND EDWARDS FAMILY TR, GILLETTE W 2 BLK-STRCF 405 545.00 WT 2,207.25 YEARLINGS

DANIEL LEN MARSHALL, BIG HORN WY 10 BLK-HFR 921 323.00 WT 2,974.83

PATTERSON RANCH, DOUGLAS WY 12 RED-HFR 909 326.00 WT 2,962.52

3 RED-HFR 818 342.00 WT 2,798.70

BOARDMAN RANCH CO LLC, WESTON WY

5 RED-HFR 931 324.00 WT 3,016.44

DAVE WATT RANCH LLC, BUFFALO WY

2 BLK-HFR 943 318.00 WT 2,997.15

JAMES P & KAREN F ZEZAS, BUFFALO WY

5 BLK-STR 785 379.00 WT 2,975.15 WEIGH COWS

MATTHEW D & SUSAN K. SMITH, MANDERSON WY

1 BLK-COW 1545 175.50 WT 2,711.47

1 BLK-COW 1695 168.00 WT 2,847.60

1 BLK-COW 1495 172.00 WT 2,571.40

1 BLK-COW 1580 173.50 WT 2,741.30

1 BLK-COW 1320 180.00 WT 2,376.00

1 BLK-COW 1625 166.00 WT 2,697.50

HAT LLC, MILES CITY MT

1 BLK-COW 1525 169.00 WT 2,577.25

1 BLK-COW 1940 167.00 WT 3,239.80

1 BWF-COW 1515 173.50 WT 2,628.52

CLEAR BENT BARS INC., LEITER WY

6 RED-COW 1391 178.00 WT 2,475.68

1 RED-COW 1495 154.00 WT 2,302.30

1 RED-COW 1505 166.00 WT 2,498.30

JUSTIN LEWTON, TEN SLEEP WY

12 BLK-COW 1352 173.00 WT 2,339.10

3 BLK-COW 1210 192.00 WT 2,323.20

1 BLK-COW 1295 185.00 WT 2,395.75

1 BLK-COW 1185 196.00 WT 2,322.60

1 BLK-COW 1640 165.00 WT 2,706.00

ASHLYNN M OR SHELBY K FENNEMA, LEITER WY 1 BWF-COW 1290 173.00 WT 2,231.70

INDIAN CREEK LAND CO LLC, BUFFALO WY

1 BLK-COW 1815 173.50 WT 3,149.02

BOARDMAN RANCH CO LLC, WESTON WY

1 RED-COW 1315 191.00 WT 2,511.65 3 RWF-COW 1083 231.00 WT 2,502.50 2 RED-COW 1048 252.00 WT 2,639.70 9 RED-COW 1448 174.50 WT 2,527.34 3 RED-COW 1348 171.50 WT

CALENDAR

EVENTS

Oct. 6 Sage Grouse Implementation Team Public Meeting, 10 a.m., Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission Office, Casper. For more information, visit wgfd.wyo.gov

Oct. 6 Wyoming Stock Growers Association Ranch Succession Session, Cody. For more information, visit wysga.org or call 307-638-3942.

Oct. 7 Wyoming Stock Growers Association Ranch Succession Session, Greybull. For more information, visit wysga.org or call 307-638-3942.

Oct. 8 Wyoming Stock Growers Association Ranch Succession Session, Worland. For more information, visit wysga.org or call 307-638-3942.

Oct. 8 Wyoming Grant’s Management Office Wildfire Recovery Webinar, 10 a.m., online. For more information or to register, visit hsbd.wyo.gov/

Oct. 8-12 29th Annual Trailing of the Sheep Festival, Ketchum, Idaho. For more information, visit trailingofthesheep.org

Oct. 9-26 2025 American Royal Livestock Show, Kansas City, Mo. For more information, visit americanroyal.com

Oct. 10-18 Northern International Livestock Exposition Stock Show and Rodeo, MetraPark, Billings, Mont. For more information, visit thenile.org

Oct. 11 University of Wyoming College of Agriculture, Life Sciences and Natural Resources Ag Day Barbecue, 2-5 p.m., Indoor Practice Facility, Laramie. For more information, uwyo.edu/uwag/students/ag-day-bbq-university-of-wyoming.html

Oct. 11 Independent Cattlemen of Wyoming Annual Meeting, Riverton. For more information, visit newsite.icowwy.org

Oct. 15-16

Second Annual Water Quality Conference, University of Wyoming Conference Center, Laramie. For more information, visit deq.wyoming.gov

Oct. 18 Bureau of Land Management Wyoming Wild Horse and Burro Adoption Event, Wheatland Off-Range Corral, Wheatland. For information, visit blm. gov/whb/events, e-mail wildhorse@blm.gov or call 866-468-7826.

Oct. 21 Bureau of Land Management Wyoming Resource Advisory Council Meeting, location TBD. For more information, visit blm.gov/get-involved/resourceadvisory-council/near-you/wyoming

Oct. 22-26 2025 World Hereford Conference, Kansas City, Mo. For more information, visit worldherefordconference.com

Oct. 23 2025 University of Wyoming Giving Day, 12 p.m., online. For more information or to make a donation, visit give.uwyo.edu/giving-day-2025

BLEVINS

New All Metal Stirrup Buckles

Blevins new all-metal stirrup buckle in 3”& 2-1/2” widths. The 3” and 2-12” widths have the posts set horizontally and fit standard holes while the 2” width has the posts set vertically. Made of stainless steel and heat-treated aluminum, the same as our leather-covered buckles.

Blevins Stirrup Buckles Improved

Sleeves same as on regular style buckle. The tongue has no hinge or strap. Available in 3” and 2-1/2” widths.

Easy to change stirrup lengths quickly and easy to install – won’t slip or stick. Made of stainless steel and heat-treated aluminum. Sleeves covered with leather. Order either improved, regular or four post buckles. Also new all-metal buckle in 3”, 2-1/2” and 2” widths. At your dealers or:

Oct. 25-26

Oct. 27-28

Oct. 29-31

Oct. 30

EVENTS

2025 Wyoming Bee College, Casper. For more information or to register, visit wyomingbeecollege.org

Wyoming Farm to School Conference, Wyoming Sports Ranch, Casper. For more information or to register, visit edu.wyoming.gov/parents/nutrition/ wyoming-farm-to-school/

2025 Wyoming Water Association Annual Conference, Ramkota Hotel and Conference Center, Casper. For more information or to register, visit wyomingwater.org

Environmental Protection Agency Wyoming Coal Combustion Residuals Program Public Hearing, 8:30 a.m., Wind River Basin Room, Wyoming State Capitol, Cheyenne. For more information, to register or to access the livestream, visit epa.gov/coal-combustion-residuals/forms/public-hearing-wyomings-coalcombustion-residuals-permit-program

Oct. 31-Nov. 1 Montana Farmers Union 110th Annual Convention, Yogo Inn, Lewistown, Mont. For more information, visit montanafarmersunion.com/news-events/ annual-convention/

SALES

Oct. 11

Colorado Horse Sale, Montrose County Fairgrounds, Montrose, Colo., 970744-8989, coloradohorsesale.com

Oct. 17 The NILE 2025 Gold Buckle Select Horse Sale, Metra Park, Billings, Mont., 406-256-2497, thenile.org

Oct. 18

Oct. 22

Nov. 1

Nov. 2

Nov. 13

Nov. 18

Basin Angus Ranch Elite Female Sale, Billings Livestock Commission, Billings., Mont., 406-350-0350, 406-350-2332, 406-366-3612, basinangus.com

Micheli Cattle Company Bull Sale, at the ranch, Ft. Bridger, 307-747-7786, 307-747-3897, micheliranch.com

Ochsner Roth Cattle Company Private Treaty Sale, at the ranch, Torrington, 307-532-3282, 307-575-5258, qualitybulls.com

Triangle J Ranch Harvest Select Female Sale, at the ranch, Miller, Neb., 308-627-5085, 308-457-2505, 308-293-9241, trianglejranch.com

Stellpflug Cattle Company Fall Bull Sale, Hoffman Ranch Facility, Thedford, Neb., 307-351-1712, stellpflugcattle.com

Tri Brothers Equipment Consignment Auction, Torrington, 307-575-2427, 307-338-8363, kerrauction.com

Nov. 20 K2 Red Angus Fall Female Sale, K2 sale barn, Wheatland, 307-331-2917, k2redangus.com

Nov. 20

Nov. 21

Nov. 22

Largent and Sons “Prime Fuel” Sale, at the ranch, Kaycee, 307-738-2443, 307-267-3229, largentandsons.com

Leachman Cattle of Colorado Fall Roundup Bull Sale, Meriden, 970-5683983, leachman.com

Redland Angus Annual Production Sale, Buffalo Livestock Marketing, Buffalo, 307-250-1548, redlandangus.com

Nov. 23 Colorado Horse Sale, Adams County Fairgrounds, Brighton, Colo., 970-7448989, coloradohorsesale.com

POSTCARD

from the Past

Compiled by Dick Perue rrichardperue@gmail.com

Elk Hunting With Your Wife

This is a repeat of a postcard I penned several years ago, but still worth sharing as I head to the mountains for another elk hunt.

A few years ago, I wrote:

Having recently returned from several weeks in the mountains hunting, fishing, relaxing, drinking beer, BS’ing and enjoying the most beautiful fall colors I’ve witnessed in years, I was reminded of an elk hunting story I wrote about more than 40 years ago.

My “Saratoga Chips” column in the Oct. 18, 1978 issue of the Saratoga Sun read:

Any elk hunter with experience knows better than to take his wife hunting with him.

Every time he does “give in” and takes the woman along, she ends up getting the biggest bull in the woods.

I am well aware of this happening but I took Marty elk hunting anyway, and sure enough, she has the only elk in camp and it is a big six-point bull.

Marty not only got the only elk so far, she also proved another of the known elk truisms –women will kill it down

in the deepest hole in the country, in a pile of downed timber and then expect the men to spend two days carrying it to camp a quarter at a time.

The big bull my wife bagged wasn’t quite so bad, but the hill on which it was killed was so steep you couldn’t walk on it without slipping and sliding. The only way the elk kept from sliding to the bottom was that it fell, rammed its antlers into a pine tree and hung there.

We dressed it out while the bull’s antlers remained

implanted in the tree. It took four of us most of Tuesday to pack the meat and magnificent rack back to camp.

After bagging her first elk, Marty’s been talking about getting a big black bear we see every year. Sure hope the bear stays hidden, since the little woman is starting to gain confidence after getting a deer and an elk.

The only thing I’m good at getting is a special elk permit nearly every year. Maybe I’ll see a big, dry cow wander by camp while I’m doing the gutting, packing and fixing supper, all while Marty is bear hunting.

It’s back to the woods tomorrow to try my luck.

This year’s memories of past hunting trips with Marty were especially plentiful and vivid as she passed away this spring.

US

Source: USDA AMS Livestock, Poultry & Grain Market News, Torrington

Source: USDA AMS Livestock, Poultry & Grain Market News, Greeley, CO National Sheep

As of September 26, 2025

Compared to last week slaughter lambs traded 5.00-7.00 lower and slaughter ewes were softer. All sheep sold per hundred weight (CWT) unless otherwise specified. Slaughter Lambs: Choice and Prime 1-3 San Angelo: 60-70 lbs 262.00; 70-80 lbs 240.00; 80-90 lbs 214.00; 110-120 lbs 197.00. Billings: No test.

F t. Collins: 60-70 lbs 244.00; 70-80 lbs 217.00-229.00; 80-90

lbs 222.50-240.00; 90-100 lbs 206.00-225.00. Sioux Falls: 60-70 lbs 235.00-245.00; 70-80 lbs 220.00227.50; 80-90 lbs 235.00; 90-100 lbs 217.50-225.00; 100-110 lbs 215.00-235.00; 110-120 lbs 227.50-236.00; 120-130 lbs 231.00-243.00; 130-140 lbs 230.00-244.00; 140-150 lbs 237.00246.00; 150-160 lbs 245.00-247.00. Equity Coop: 130-140 lbs 240.50-244.50. Slaughter Ewes: Good 2-3 San Angelo: 100.00-138.00.

Billings: 86.00-90.00.

Ft. Collins: 80.00-125.00. Sioux Falls: 90.00-115.00. Equity Coop: No test.

Feeder Lambs: Medium and Large 1 San Angelo: No test.

Billings: 40-50 lbs 270.00-290.00; 50-60 lbs 255.00-275.00; 60-70 lbs 225.00-245.00; 70-80 lbs 215.00-226.00; 80-90 lbs 202.00-219.00; 90-100 lbs 198.00-209.00; 100-110 lbs 192.00200.50; 110-120 lbs 187.00-196.50. Ft. Collins: No test.

Sioux Falls: 40-50 lbs 285.00-310.00; 50-60 lbs 260.00280.00; 60-70 lbs 255.00-270.00; 80-90 lbs 235.00. Equity Coop: No test. Replacement Ewes: Medium and Large 1-2

San Angelo: No test.

Billings: Middle aged open 130-170 lbs 89.00-99.00. Ft. Collins: No test.

Sioux Falls: Aged and open 90-100 lbs 90.00. Sheep and lamb slaughter under federal inspection for the week to date totaled 35,000 compared to 34,000 last week and 37,000 last year.

Source: USDA AMS LPG Market News, San Angelo, Texas

As

Source: USDA- CO Dept of Ag Market News Service, Greeley, CO

Wyoming Hay Summary As of October 2, 2025

Compared to two weeks ago, reported hay sales sold steady. Buyer inquiry and demand has picked up in the last two weeks. Some hay going to ranchers that have lost winter grazing due to recent fires. Quite a lot of the large square bales and some small squares going to buyers from the out of state. With a few loads almost to the East coast. Some producers are finishing third cutting in the East and finishing second cutting in the West. Producers are wanting to lay down another cutting of alfalfa and will after the weekend rain showers pass through. There may be some snow at higher elevations. Some are drilling rye or wheat this week before the expected moisture arrives. Most of the state is relatively dry but some areas are getting some moisture.

Torrington

Colorado Hay Summary

As of September 25, 2025

Compared to last report: Trade activity and demand moderate. Small squares and medium square 3x3’s of horse hay sold unevenly steady. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor’s High Plains Summary for September 23, 2025, most of the region is free of drought or received drought-easing precipitation, including some high-elevation snow in the central Rockies. Although rain slowed fieldwork, including summer crop harvesting and winter wheat planting, moisture should benefit rangeland, pastures, and fall-sown crops. The next available report will be Thursday, October 9, 2025.

CLASSIFIEDS

mation to an advertiser. If you have questions or believe you have been the victim of fraud, contact the Wyoming Attorney General’s Office, Consumer Protection Unit,

FALL ART & CRAFT FAIR: Nov.

1 from 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Bomber Mountain Civic Center, 63 N. Burritt, Buffalo, WY. Vendors, food, music, arts and more. Sponsored by Johnson County Arts & Humanities Council and Johnson County Tourism Association. For more information, call Johnson County Arts & Humanities Council, 307-217-1979, e-mail jcahc16@gmail.com, see us on Facebook Johnson County Arts & Humanities 10/25 UP IN ARMS, LLC FLEA MARKET AND GUN SHOW NOV. 7-9 Gillette, WY at the CAMPLEX. Open to the public. Fri., Nov. 7, 3 p.m.-7 p.m. Sat., Nov. 8, 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Sun., Nov. 9, 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Giving away a .22 pistol Sunday at 2 p.m., must be present to win, 21 years of age and able to pass background check. Buy, sell, trade. Adults $6, children 12 and under free (when accompanied by an adult). For more information, contact Lisa, 208-420-2295 11/1

FEDEX CONTRACTOR LOOKING FOR HELP: Drive our vehicles or drive your own! Located in Cody, WY. Call 307-899-0142 10/4

COMMERCIAL/AG LOAN

OFFICER, BUFFALO, S.D.: Pioneer Bank & Trust is hiring a full-time Loan Officer to join our team in Buffalo, S.D. This role involves business development, portfolio management and a variety of lending types including commercial, ag and consumer. We offer: Competitive salary, profit sharing and bonus program. Full benefits: Medical, dental, vision, 401(k). Generous PTO. Moving and daycare assistance. Advancement opportunities!! Ideal candidates have a degree in Business or Finance and 5+ years of lending experience (or related). Join a community-focused bank with a strong reputation and long-term career potential. EOE, including disability/Vets. Apply today at www.pioneerbankandtrust. com/employment 10/18

CROOK COUNTY WEED AND PEST IS LOOKING FOR A MOTIVATED INDIVIDUAL TO JOIN OUR TEAM: Please visit www. crookcountyweeds.com/news to view job description and application or stop by our office at 802 11th Street South, Sundance, WY 82729, to pick up forms 10/11

RANCH HAND NEEDED: Located in northwest South Dakota. Call Will Simpson, 325277-8420 10/4

RANCH HAND/GROUNDS

KEEPER: Full-time position at a family-owned ranch near Cody, WY and located in the Shoshone National Forest. Position entails lawn care, irrigation, heavy equipment operation, carpentry, equipment maintenance, building maintenance and overall residential and agricultural property maintenance. Experience is welcome but will train the right candidate. The ideal candidate will be reliable; have a strong work ethic; be able to perform individually and with a team; be a self-starter and enjoy working outdoors. Benefits include health, with optional dental and vision; paid-time off and 401(k) with employer matching contribution. For the right candidate housing on property is also available. Salary based upon previous experience. Send resumes to cg1@colliergroupoffice.com 10/25

DEVILS TOWER FOREST PRODUCTS, INC., A LUMBER MANUFACTURER IN HULETT, WY, IS ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS FOR FULL-TIME BOILER/KILN OPERATOR, MILLWRIGHT SAWMILL AND PLANER PRODUCTION OPERATORS: Benefit package includes company paid medical and dental insurance (including dependents), life insurance, company-matching 401(k), safety incentives, holiday pay, paid vacation and sign-on bonus. Mandatory employment and random drug testing is conducted. EOE. Starting wage D.O.E. Online applications are available at wwww.neimanenterprises.com. E-mail applications to joe.ortner@ devilstowerfp.com or fax to 307-467-5418, contact Joe Ortner at 307-467-5252 with additional questions 10/4

DOUBLE DOLLAR TRUCKING, LLC

• Selling all varieties of hay

• Serving Wyoming and surrounding areas

• Licensed, bonded and insured

• Headquartered out of Sheridan, WY For all your trucking of livestock, hay and general freight, call 307-751-2068

AGRI-ONE FINANCIAL: Farm/ ranch and all commercial loans. RATES AS LOW AS 5%. We have been helping with all aspects of agricultural, commercial financing and management for years. LET US HELP YOU on a consulting level with management to increase profitability, deal with and fix credit problems and for all your financing needs. WE CARE AND HAVE WORKING PROGRAMS designed for the farmer/rancher and not the banker. Please call Steve, 303-773-3545 or check out our website, www.agrionefinancial.com. I will come to you and get the job done!! 10/4

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LRC, renewed to Jan. 20, 2027. $2,000 OBO. Call 605-201-7173 10/4

2 sets of hot irons and 2 sets of electric irons, $3,000. Call only, 307-899-3737 10/18

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE. LRC, renewed to 2033. $2,500. Call 307-2592062 10/4

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: RRC, RSH. Registered until Jan. 1, 2035. No horses or cattle with brand. No irons available. $1,200 OBO. Call Ronnie at 303-913-2493, leave a message if no answer 10/11

LIVESTOCK GUARDIAN

DOGS: PUPS FOR SALE. Mostly Great Pyrenees crossed with Anatolian, Akbash and Maremma. Working parents on site. Great dispositions. Shots current. Seven months old. Currently working with goats and kids. Call Donna, 307262-5699, Clay, 307-331-5762 or e-mail cenix@wyomail. com 10/18

STOCK DOG PUPPIES FOR

SALE: Awesome working dogs for cattle and sheep. Mom is a border collie/kelpie and dad is a border collie. Also, good with kids. For more information, call 406-380-2629. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 10/4

WANTED RECIP COWS: Must be open!! Two to 6 years old, Red Angus or Angus-based cows. For more information, call Corie Mydland, 406-8555598 (cell), Trans Ova Genetics, Joliet, MT 10/4

230 BLACK ANGUS BRED HEIFERS: South Dakota origin, OCVD, exposed to proven LBW Black Angus bulls for 45 days. Start calving Feb. 1, 2026. References available. Call 785-3941955 (cell), 785-394-2374 (home) or 785-731-5067 10/11

BULLS FOR SALE: Registered yearling and 2-year-old Black Angus range bulls for sale private treaty. Good selection for heifers and cows. From popular sires and industry leaders. Semen tested and ready to go. CLAY CREEK ANGUS, 307762-3541, www.claycreek.net TFN

Ranch for Lease

PARK COUNTY, WY RANCH NEAR CODY, WY IS AVAILABLE FOR A LONG-TERM LEASE: The ranch has over 50,000 acres and supports an irrigated hay base with BOR water rights. Carrying capacity is 700 animal units year-round with hay production. Willing to split the hay ground and grazing. Please e-mail Honora Beirne (hbeirne@acpg.com) and Melanie Giliati (mgiliati@ acpg.com) for details 10/18

Horses

FOUR-YEAR-OLD GRAY AND WHITE PAINT PERCHERON CROSSBRED MARE: 15.3 hands, broke to ride and drive since she was 2 years old, calm, gentle, packed in the mountains and soft in the neck rein. $5,700 OBO. Call 307-467-5651 10/18

AQHA WEANLINGS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE: Bloodlines include Frenchman’s Guy, Sun Frost, Freckles Playboy, Poco Bueno and many more. Douglas, WY. For more information, call 970-768-4597

DEVILS TOWER FOREST PRODUCTS, INC., A LUMBER MANUFACTURER IN HULETT, WY, IS ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS FOR FULL-TIME LICENSED ELECTRICIAN: Benefit package includes company paid medical and dental insurance (including dependents), life insurance, company-matching 401(k), safety incentives, holiday pay, paid vacation and sign-on bonus. Mandatory employment and random drug testing is conducted. EOE. Starting wage D.O.E. Online applications are available at wwww.neimanenterprises. com. E-mail applications to joe.ortner@devilstowerfp.com or fax to 307-467-5418, contact Joe Ortner at 307-467-5252 with additional questions 10/4

REGISTERED WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LRC, LSS, LSH. Fees paid thru January 2029. Two fire irons, 2.5 and 3.5 inch. Three electric irons, 2.5, 3.5 and 5.5 inch. $3,250. Call or text 307-575-7065 10/4

OWN A PIECE OF WYOMING HISTORY, OLD WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LRC, LTH, originally issued in 1910. Purchased by my grandfather in 1913. Easy to read when placed on cows or horses, $12,500. Call 307631-6838 10/4

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE. LRC, LBH, renewed to 2033. $1,500. Call 307-259-2062 10/11

WAGYU BULL FOR SALE: Six years old, red. Has been doing his job well. Call for information 307-752-5920 10/25

FAITHFUL FEEDERS: Heifer development, backgrounding and grass calf prep. Billings, MT. Call Ryan, 406-696-0104 4/11

Pasture

QUALITY HAY FOR SALE: Grass, grass/alfalfa mix and straight alfalfa, net-wrapped large round bales, no rain. Western Nebraska location. Pick up or delivery available for fee. Call or text 303-906-2691 10/25

HAY FOR SALE: Alfalfa, barley hay, mixed grass, oats and pea hay. Feed analysis and trucking available. Call 701290-2363 10/25

FOURTH CUTTING ALFALFA

HAY FOR SALE: 3x3 squares, 800 lbs./bale, stored in barn, RFV 252, protein 26.17%. Wheatland, WY. Call 307-3313781, no texts 10/25

HAY FOR SALE: First, second and third cutting alfalfa, alfalfa/orchardgrass and grain hay options, 3x3 and net-wrapped round bales. Delivery available. WE ALSO OFFER CUSTOM TRUCKING, hay hauling and side dump to haul gravel. Call Cheney Trucking/ Jonathan Cheney, 605-5690469 10/11

2025 FIRST CUTTING HAY FOR SALE: Grass mix, large round bales. Located at Murdo, S.D. Call 605-516-0107 10/4

HAY FOR SALE: 3x3 and round bales of grass or alfalfa/grass mix. Delivered only. Call 605-8400015 10/4

Hay & Feed

2025 NET-WRAPPED ROUND

BALES: Grass/alfalfa mix, first and second cutting available, $150/ton. 2024 CROP, 90 netwrapped round bales, 1,500 lbs., grass/alfalfa mix, $125/ton. Located in Cody, WY. Calls only, 307-899-3737 10/18

HAY FOR SALE: Grass, grass/ alfalfa mix and millet. No rain. Call Greg, 605-222-2976 or Mark, 605-641-0156 10/4

TONS AND TONS OF HAY FOR SALE!!! Alfalfa, alfalfa/ grass mix, straight grass (crested wheat and native grasses), winter wheat, 1,300-1,350 lb. net-wrapped round bales. Deliveries are available if needed or come and get it. Sheridan, WY area. Call the ranch, 307737-2680 or 307-751-2068 (cell) 10/18

NEW HAY FOR SALE: Small square bales, has been under cover, never been rained on, weed free, grass/20% alfalfa mix, $125/ton. Call Jack, 307250-0346 10/18

HAY FOR SALE: First cutting $125/ton and second cutting $150/ton. Cody, WY. Call 307899-7755 10/18

STRAW FOR SALE: 400

TONS OF BARLEY STRAW, 4x4 squares, $40/ton. Located west of Powell, WY. Call or text 307-202-0532 for more information 10/18

HAY FOR SALE: 2025 grass/ alfalfa, first and second cutting alfalfa, millet, haybet barley and CRP hay. 2024 first cutting grass/alfalfa, first and second cutting alfalfa and CRP hay. GRINDING HAY also available. All in net-wrapped round bales. Semi load delivery available. Call for pricing, ask for Klint, 701-290-4418, send a text if no answer or keep trying 10/11

HAY FOR SALE: 1,400-1,500 lb. net-wrapped bales. Alfalfa, mixed and grass. Located in Slope County, N.D. Will load. Still cutting, will have approximately 1,000 bales. $110/ton. Call 701-440-1764 10/11

HAY FOR SALE: Grass and alfalfa hay. ALSO, forage wheat and straw. 3x4 square bales. Delivery available!! Call 307630-3046 10/11

2025 HAY AVAILABLE: Round bales and small squares. Grass/ alfalfa mix and alfalfa. ALSO, have certified grass and alfalfa. Located in Powell, WY. Call JK, 307-254-8201 10/11

VALLEY VIDEO HAY MARKETS, LLC: Representing 40 of the best growers in eastern Wyoming and western Nebraska. Call now for your fall/winter needs, Barry McRea, 308-2355386, www.valleyvideohay. com 10/11

ROUND-BALED GRASS: 2025 crop 1,000 lb. net-wrapped bales. $40-$60/bale depending on variety. Cody, WY area. Call, don’t text, Anthony at 307254-2645 11/8

BARLEY STRAW: Certified weed-free small squares, $4/ bale. ALSO, 5x6 round bales, $125/ton. GRAIN OATS, wheat and barley, $20/cwt. Greybull, WY area. Call 307762-3878 or 307-899-4714, leave message 10/4

CERTIFIED BARLEY STRAW

EAR CORN FOR SALE. NON GMO, no pesticides. Minatare, NE. Call Byron, 303-818-8152, leave message 10/11

HIGH-QUALITY HAY FOR YOUR HIGH-QUALITY ANIMAL: Alfalfa/native grass mix, small squares, $7/bale. Delivery available at 59 cents/mile for orders of 50 or more. Call/text Jeremy, 406-208-7132 10/4

2025 OAT HAY FOR SALE:

Net-wrapped bales put up with a John Deere 569 baler with average bale weight of 1,4001,425 lbs. Call for exact pricing and pickup/delivery options. Located near Java, S.D. Call 605-281-3002. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 10/4

ALFALFA FOR SALE: Over 100 tons, dairy quality, has some grass. $210/ton. Located around Lebanon, S.D. Call 605-769-4049 10/4

JACKSON AG

Larry’s Seed with Legend Seeds has corn, grain, corn silage, soybeans, alfalfa, sorghum, sunflowers and canola

Renovo Seeds: Cover Crops, alfalfa, forages, pasture mixes, grass, forage barley and oats.

Yield Master Solution Biological Division: Envita makes all plants nitrogen fixing. Nutriquire for phosphrus and potassium enhancement.

TRITICALE SEED READY FOR FALL PLANTING: High yield, makes excellent forage and cover crop. Can be grazed in the fall and winter and hayed in the spring. ALSO CERTIFIED TRITICALE STRAW and 500 bales of triticale hay. Call 308-4303457, for pricing and delivery. Phone calls only 10/25

Trucks & Trailers

2023 LOGAN BULLSEYE 3

HORSE SLANT, BUMPER PULL, FRONT TACK: Trailer measures 6.8’ wide x 7’ tall x 16’ box with a 2 5/16” ball, diamond plate gravel guard, front tack has a swing out saddle tree, bridle hooks, blanket tree, brush tray and a spare tire. The horse area is equipped with padded stalls, roof vents, double lined with Vortex lining on all walls, big bus windows on butt side, fully framed drop down windows with safety bars and Logan screens, 3 LED load lights, aluminum skin and polished sides, double back doors and a rubber rear bumper. Brand new condition. Asking $18,900. ALSO, IRON BULL DUMP TRAILER: 5’x10’, GVWR 7,000 lbs., 2 3,500 lb. axles, tarp system, spare tire, 2 slide-in ramps. $4,500. Call 307-213-0062. To view pho -

Wyoming Division Larry French 307-272-9194

Larryjfrench1950@gmail.com

Montana Division Jeremy Robertus 406-853-8554

triangle6livestock@outlook.com

FOR SALE: Lorenz 16’x29’ 18 ton bale/stack mover. Gehl 410 bushel manure spreader with slop gate, double floor chains, 2 beaters, tandem axle. Meridian 240 PT seed tender, all hydraulic and roll tarp. Bale King 3000 Vortec hydraulic bale processor. Rowse double 9’ hydraulic mower, like new. Rowse 9’ pull type mower. J&M 365 gravity box with 12 ton gear truck tires. Ford 7N tractor with wide front, runs great. Landoll 36’ cushion gang disc with 3 bar mulcher. 2019 Freightliner, DD13 engine, 12 speed automatic, daycab, good rubber, air ride. Burns portable calf creep feeder. Burns portable loading chute. John Deere 716A chuckwagon with John Deere tandem running gear. H&S 7+4 18’ chuckwagon with bunk feeding extensions and tandem 14 ton running gear. 14’ HD box scraper with tilt. Farm King 8’ snowblower with hydraulic spout. All in very nice condition!! Call 605-9995482 10/18

Equipment

FOR SALE: WATER TRAILER with (4) 1,500 gallon water tanks, 3 cones, 2 pumps, 50 ft. hose, electric start. ALSO, International 1256 tractor and John Deere 4520 tractor. Call 701-290-2504 10/4

CASE 1070 TRACTOR: 5,000 plus hours, with Du-Al loader and grapple. $12,500. Calls only, 307-899-3737 10/18

HYDRAULIC SQUEEZE

CHUTE, $13,075 with 8’ alley, $2,600 and 16’ round tub $4,600. PORTABLE LOADING CHUTE, $4,700. Saint Ignatius, MT, delivery available. For more information call 406-5311036 10/25

MONTANA RAILROAD SERVICES: Railroad ties, switch ties and other railroad materials for fencing and landscaping. Best pricing and quality in the region. Call 406-9623514, Silesia, MT. Located 10 miles south of Laurel, MT (off of Clarks River Rd., the old highway). Visit our website at www. mtrrservices.com 10/4

LODGEPOLE PRODUCTS, 307-742-6992, SERVING AGRIBUSINESSES

www.wylr.net in the classifieds 12/27

2023 KIOTI RX7320: Power shuttle with creep, 73 HP, 3 remotes, live hydraulics to the front, fluid in tires, block heater, 92 hours and Bluetooth stereo. $46,500. For more details, call 307-388-3300 10/11

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE, FARMER RETIRING: John Deere 71 Flex 8 row corn planter on a 24’ stackable bar. AC Model 1300 30’ ripper with rakes. A 20’ Krause offset disc (new blades in front). Safety pull with a bull hitch. 2003 IHC 9400I Eagle semi fifth wheel truck, Cat engine, 26’ end dump trailer with roll tarp. 1997 Kenworth T800, Detroit engine, 20’ box with hoist, roll tarp, both beet and grain end gates. John Deere front suitcase weights. IHC front suitcase weights. Contact Greg Keller at 406-679-1136 10/11

ARE YOU TIRED OF WIND AND SNOW? Nice house for sale in Mesa, AZ. Call 307-7602844 10/25

NEW MEXICO RANCH: 209+ ACRES, 38 miles to Albuquerque, N.M. Incredible mountain views and your livestock from a 1,000+ sq. ft. deck. 2,843 sq. ft., 3 bed, 2 bath home. Two car carport, 2 car garage and RV bay. Pipe corrals, grow out pens, hay/implement/livestock barns, horse/tack/tool, riding arena, round pen area, vet clinic. $1,450,000. First Class Realty Services, Susan Wilson, qualifying broker/realtor, 505-328-4172 or contact Jay, 505-263-7419. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 10/4

PRAIRIE COUNTY, MONTANA

RANCH FOR SALE: 2,910 acres, 165 animal units, 640 acres dryland, hay springs, well, reservoirs and pipeline. Several pastures. Two homes, shop, storage shop, barn and corrals. $3,000,000. Sidwell Land & Cattle, Richard Sidwell broker, 406-8614426 10/4

160 ACRES 8 MILES SOUTHWEST OF YODER, WY: Conveniently located at the end of a lightly traveled oil road. This property offers both privacy and opportunity. Beautiful setting to build your dream home with sweeping views of Goshen Hole. This producing farm is ready for your vision. $150,000.

SELLING WYOMING STATE

LEASE: 650 acres located 15 miles northwest of Cheyenne, WY. For the first time in 50 years, this long held lease is being offered for sale. Features a beautifully renovated home. In pasture and farmland. $595,000. Pictures at www. buyaranch.com. Call Casey Essert, Land Broker, 307-5321750 TFN

Guns & Ammo Lodging

Virginian Restaurant

Steaks,

-

www.occidentalwyoming.com

“The man who stops advertising to save money is like the man who stops the clock to save time.”

S&W 686 PLUS, SS .357 Magnum, 7-shot, 7-inch, unfluted cylinder, $800. RUGER GP100, SS .357 Magnum, 7-shot, 6-inch, fiber-optic, 2-grips, $750. Each with original case + HKS speed loader. Can text/e-mail photos, call 307381-9020 10/4

AR-10 .308 WIN, SS 18-inch barrel, ARMS 40L-SP rear sight, bayonet-ready, 20/25-rd. P-mags, vertical grip, $800. AR-15 6.5 GRENDEL, SS 20-inch barrel, adjustable gas block, sights, five 25-rd. mags, vertical grip, $700. Can text/e-mail photos, call 307381-9020 10/4

TAURUS .22LR SS REVOLVERS (4-INCH) ADJUSTABLE

TARGET SIGHTS: Model 990

Tracker, 9-shot, new Hogue grip, $475, and smaller Model 94, 9-shot, $425. Each INCLUDE a gun-specific, $90 .22LR 90-rd. Speed Beez case, +speed loader kit, +ammo!! Can text/e-mail photos, call 307-3819020 10/4

10mm, 1911, ADJUSTABLE

TARGET SIGHTS, 5-WILSON SS 8-RD. MAGS: Iver Johnson Arms Eagle XL 6-inch, blue, like new, Hogue grip, $700. Can text/e-mail photos, call 307-3819020 10/4

WE WILL PICK UP SCRAP

IRON: On-site processing and removal. Receive $$$ top dollar $$$ for your junk!! Call for details, Pacific Steel and Recycling, 307-234-6006. Casper/ Central Wyoming 10/4

WANTED TO BUY!! Coins and coin collections, jewelry old new or broken, native American jewelry, Sterling flatware, old watches, firearms, Federal license. Call Ted at 720-3277867, I come to you!! 11/1

Drawing will take place Thursday, Nov. 20 during a Facebook Live event.

CoBank economist offers comments on biofuel opportunities and challenges

In a Sept. 17 edition of the North American Ag Spotlight podcast, hosted by Chrissy Wozniack, CoBank Farm Supply and Biofuels Lead Economist Jacqui Fatka offers her perspective on the shifting landscape of biofuels.

Titled “How Biofuels are Changing Opportunities for U.S. Producers,” the episode features a conversation on the current state of the biofuel industry and explores the potential impacts increased demand for sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) may have on feedstock markets and, consequently, U.S. farmers.

Background on biofuels

Biofuels are renewable energy sources derived from biomass materials called feedstocks, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Biomass materials include crop waste, forest residue, microalgae and food waste.

The most common types of biofuels used today are ethanol and biodiesel, according to the U.S. Department of Energy.

Ethanol production involves the fermentation of feedstocks like corn, sorghum, barley, sugar cane and sugarbeets, while biodiesel is produced by combining alcohol with vegetable oil, animal fat or recycled cooking grease. According to EIA, biofuel production and consumption in the U.S. has generally increased each year since the early 1980s. As demand for biofuels continues to rise and research and development progresses, producers have the opportunity to take advantage of the changing landscape, but they must also be equipped to navigate challenges.

“With pressure growing

around renewable energy and the rapid development of sustainable aviation fuels, producers and agribusinesses are facing new challenges and opportunities in feedstocks, investments and policy,” Wozniack begins.

She then introduces Fatka, who offers comments informed by “two decades of experience in ag policy, biofuels, trade and farm management.”

Highlights from Fatka’s comments include details on biofuel research and development, as well as how the demand for SAF might influence corn and soy production in the U.S.

She also gives advice on how producers can stay educated and protected in the face of shifting markets.

Sustainable aviation fuels

World Energy defines SAF as jet fuels made from materials like used cooking oils and agricultural waste.

In the podcast, Fatka notes most SAFs in the U.S. are produced through the hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) process, which uses hydrogen to turn agricultural products like soybeans and canola oil – as well as waste oils and animal fats like beef tallow – into fuel.

Fatka further mentions hope for employing an “alcohol-tojet” production process in greater quantities, which would use feedstocks similar to those found in ethanol production to make SAFs and, therefore, create benefits for farmers.

However, Fatka notes development is still ongoing and the process is expensive.

“There’s plenty of corn in the U.S.,” Fatka explains. “Being able to get feedstocks is not a problem,

but the cost of alcohol-to-jet production for sustainable aviation fuel is much more expensive.”

“This is why we haven’t seen a lot of plants be able to scale commercially yet,” Fatka continues. “The important part is being able to make investments to drive costs down and make alcohol-to-jet production more cost competitive.”

Additionally, Fatka says lower global oil prices have led to challenges in sourcing investment in biofuel research and development and notes the U.S. is currently “a drop in the bucket” in terms of worldwide SAF use and domestic production.

“When oil is really expensive, it’s easier to promote biofuels as an economic alternative to high oil prices,” Fatka observes. “Oil prices are really low right now, so it’s hard to spin the need to invest in research and development.”

In terms of the big picture, Fatka says the future of domestic SAF production will depend on economic factors including tax incentives.

“SAF is not something you can turn on production of overnight,” Fatka says. “Unfortunately, we’re still years out. Without some of the policy levers to encourage things from the different tax incentives, we’re just not really going to see this truly take off.”

Furthermore, Fatka acknowledges some states including Minnesota and Illinois are trying to encourage SAF development to use at a local level, even without federal support.

“We’re still really early in this industry, and I think we have a lot to learn,” Fatka continues. “Some things we think we know

now are going to change, but this also makes it really exciting. There are new things happening and new partnerships coming together.”

Staying informed

In the face of a shifting landscape, Fatka emphasizes keeping an ongoing dialogue with different players throughout the supply chain is important to remaining educated and prepared.

When asked about the potential for SAF adoption to change demand for traditional feedstocks like corn and soy, Fatka predicts a potential increase in demand for soybean oil, as well as any feedstock able to be run efficiently with a low carbon input score.

Fatka emphasizes there are many nuances to the biofuel market and research is constantly ongoing. She also notes a shift in SAF production could have an impact on the food sector and food prices, and conversations

about this tradeoff are ongoing within the industry.

“This is one of those issues that is moving and changing a lot,” Fatka says. “There is a lot of hype and hope when it comes to SAF, but we have to be able to have a good, grounded understanding of what’s needed today.”

Overall, Fatka recommends farmers stay engaged with commodity groups and capture data on personal farming practices to remain educated and economically sustainable.

“If we keep pushing off investment, it’s going to keep pushing off return,” Fatka says. “We can’t capture any value if we’re not researching it now, figuring out what works and what doesn’t and maybe using different policy levers to help advocate for what’s needed.”

Grace Skavdahl is the editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

The North American Lincoln Red Association (NALRA) is pleased to announce Lincoln Red beef was found to have favorable nutrient density characteristics compared to other beef. Nutrient density testing was completed earlier this year on Lincoln Red ribeyes produced by a seasoned

Testing finds Lincoln Red beef has favorable characteristics

breeder. The testing was made possible by a micro-grant from the Livestock Conservancy. Lincoln Red cattle are deemed “critical” on the Livestock Conservancy’s Conservation Priority List.

Lincoln Red beef is known to easily grade Choice or Prime. In addition, Lincoln Red carcasses have high uti-

lization rates and minimal waste. The completed tests demonstrated Lincoln Red beef can be produced to have high nutritional value compared to both grass-fed and grain-fed cattle, while also grading high Choice.

The tests validate Lincoln Red beef can both taste good and be highly nutritional.

Lincoln Red ribeyes were compared to more than 400 other ribeyes sourced from around the world and evaluated by the Beef Study, a collaborative project of the Bionutrient Food Association, Utah State University and Edacious.

Overall, the Lincoln Red samples had strong antioxi-

dant values, higher levels of magnesium and potassium and lower fat compared to both the grass-fed and grainfed benchmarks in the Beef Study.

The Lincoln Red ribeyes also had a more balanced fatty acid ratio than the grain-fed benchmark, and the Lincoln Red ratio was favorable com-

pared to the ratio in the standard American diet. NALRA has produced a handbook with details about how steers were raised and test results.

For more information, visit lincolnred.org/ or contact Jenifer Morrissey at workponies@frii.com or 605-7453699.

2 Cow, 1060#

Cow, 1075# $222.50 MEETEETSE

1 Cow, 1100# $207.00

1 Cow, 1070# $203.00 RIVERTON

1 Cow, 1095# $202.50

1 Cow, 1115#

1 Cow, 1160#

1 Cow, 1345#

1 Cow, 1175# $179.00

3 Cow, 1108# $175.00 CODY

1 Cow, 1170# $173.00 LANDER

1 Cow, 1560# $168.00 THERMOPOLIS

2 Cow, 1177# $165.00

BIG PINEY 1 Cow, 1230# $165.00 THERMOPOLIS

9 Cow, 1313# $164.00

7 Cow, 1189# $163.50

2 Cow, 1352# $163.00

BOULDER

2 Cow, 1322# $162.00

BIG PINEY 1 Cow, 1285# $160.00 ARMINTO

2 Cow, 1502# $159.00

FORT WASHAKIE

1 Cow, 1530# $158.50 RIVERTON

1 Cow, 1360# $158.00 ROCK SPRINGS

3 Cow, 1276# $157.00

THERMOPOLIS

11 Cow, 1274# $156.50

THERMOPOLIS

5 Cow, 1313# $155.00

7 Cow, 1156# $153.50

6 Cow, 1115# $153.50 HEIFERETTES

ARAPAHOE

5 Heiferette, 951# $320.00

1 Heiferette, 920# $292.50 RIVERTON

1 Heiferette, 1010# $280.00

THERMOPOLIS

2 Heiferett, 922# $280.00 BOULDER

13 Heiferette, 880# $269.00

CODY

2 Heiferette, 925# $263.00

THERMOPOLIS

3 Heiferette, 978# $259.00

3 Heiferette, 935# $255.00

BIG PINEY

3 Heiferette, 901# $246.00 WEIGH BULLS

ROCK SPRINGS

2 Bull, 1590# $194.00

SHOSHONI

1 Bull, 1870# $192.50

1 Bull, 1745# $191.00

LYSITE 5 Bull, 1668# $190.00

SHOSHONI

1 Bull, 1770# $190.00

RIVERTON

1 Bull, 1695# $189.00

3 Bull, 1750# $188.50

PINEY

1 Bull, 1830# $188.00 MILLS 1 Bull, 1920# $187.00 LANDER 1 Bull, 2030# $186.00 RIVERTON

2 Bull, 1957# $186.00

1730#

1 Bred Cow, 1150# $3,250.00 LYSITE 10 Bred Cow, 1006#

635#

746#

763#

875#

5 Heifer, 314# $587.50

COLUMBUS, MT

3 Heifer, 345# $577.50

SHOSHONI

8 Heifer, 335# $550.00 14 Heifer, 369# $530.00

RIVERTON

6 Heifer, 330# $517.50 21 Heifer, 416# $491.00

ARAPAHOE

6 Heifer, 415# $480.00

THERMOPOLIS

42 Heifer, 452# $443.50 RIVERTON 51 Heifer, 476# $438.00

SHOSHONI

8 Heifer, 471# $437.00

ARAPAHOE 19 Heifer, 513# $435.00

RIVERTON 10 Heifer, 525# $417.50 17 Heifer, 524# $411.00 LANDER 9 Heifer, 555# $398.00 5 Heifer, 564# $388.00

THERMOPOLIS 20 Heifer, 547# $377.00 6 Heifer, 669# $369.00 RIVERTON

Heifer, 764# $353.00 BOULDER

Heifer, 781# $350.50

9:00 AM TUESDAY, OCTOBER 7 YEARLINGS

Canyon Ranch-

Vacc @ Branding vision 8, once PMH Nasalgen, vista 5, and Multimin 90.

High quality genetic Black Angus sired. Hire desert, green and fancy. Joe & Deanna Crofts- 275 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 400450#. Rec Virashield 6, Vision 8 w/Somnus +Spur. Yearround mineral program. 100% Black Angus sired. One iron, high desert, green & Fancy!

Martin Land and Livestock- 250 Blk Ang Strs 450-500#. Rec vista Once SQ, vision 7/w Somnus@ branding. 100% Sitz Ang sired. Cow herd Sitz genetic for multiple generations! High desert reputation calves!

Joe Jones- 200 mostly Blk Strs 500-550#. 40 mostly Blk Hfrs 400-450#. Rec Inforce, Ultra choice 8, BVD Ear-notch negative @ branding. Preconditioned with Ultra choice 8 and Bovishield Gold One shot. Hfrs are bangs vaccinated. Fancy High Desert Calves!

Rimrock Cattle Co- 200 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 400500#. Rec Vista Once SQ, Nasalgen & Vision 7 @ branding. Knife cut. Sired by Blk Ang Bulls. High desert, green & fancy

Bitterroot Ranch- 170 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 500-550#. Rec Vista 5, Nasalgen 3-PMH & Vision 7 w/ Somnus @ branding; Fusoguard May 1st. 100% Lucky 7 Angus sired. Reputation, high elevation calves!

Ruby Ranch- 150 Blk Ang & AngX Strs 450-525#. Rec Vista 5, Nasalgen & 7way @ branding. Sired by powerful Blk Ang Bulls (predom. Lucky 7 bulls) High elevation & Fancy!! Wanda Miller – 130 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 550-600#. Comp vacc @ Branding. High elevation. Sired by good Blk Angus bulls, great performing calves!

Andy & Brooke McWilliams & Sons- 110 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 400-500#. Rec Pyramid 5, Vision 7 & Once PMH @ branding. Knife cut. Sired by Hancock Blk Angus bulls. Charlie McIntosh- 80 Blk, BWF & RWF Strs & Hfrs 450550#. Rec Vision 7 w/Somnus + Spur @ branding. Knife cut. Sired by Powerful Blk Ang & Hereford bulls. Great set of High desert, reputation calves!! Diamond TA Cattle Co- 75 Red Ang Strs & Hfrs 500-550#.

Rec Pyramid 5 + Presponse SQ & Ultrabac 8 @ branding. High elevation, nice calves!

Steve Ward- 75 Blk Ang/Ang X Strs & Hfrs #500-575. Rec Ultrabac 8, Virashield w/ Somnus, and poured with Ivermectin. Pre-conditioned, weaned, Knife cut, bunk broke. Hfrs are Bangs Vaccinated. High elevation, calm, and fancy set of calves!

Stanford St Clair- 70 blk Ang & Red Ang 400-500#. Rec Vision 8 @ branding. Nice stout, good gaining calves!

John & Sharon Bringolf- 44 Blk, BWF & small % CharX Strs. 12 Blk, BWF & small % CharX Hfrs. Rec Nasalgen & 8 way w/Somnus @ branding. Knife cut. Sired by Angel Blk Angus bulls. Nice set of high desert calves, coming off extremely dry conditions, ready to perform!

Steve Slagowski- 55 Blk Ang & AngX(F1) Strs 350-550#. Rec Vista Once SQ & Vision 8 @ branding. Sired by Diamond Peak Blk Angus & Durbin Creek Hereford bulls. Good set of high desert calves!

Smoky Canyon Ranch- 55 Blk & BWF Strs & Hfrs 450#. High elevation. Nice set of All Natural calves, that are out of powerful bulls!

Lisa & JJ Robinett- 30 BWF & RedX Strs 450-500#. 20 BWF & RedX Hfrs 400-450#. Rec Vision 8 w/Somnus & Vista Once @ branding. High elevation. Jake Hall- 50 Blk & Red Ang Strs & Hfrs 400-500#. Rec Vista Once & Vision 7 @ branding. High desert & Green!

Ty & Liz Foxworthy – 45 Blk Ang & AngX Strs 400#. Rec Multi-Min, Bovishield Gold One Shot & Vision 7 w/Spur. Knife cut. Been on yearlong mineral & Biomos program. Reputation, growthy calves! Brock & Corinna Lynch- 40 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 400-500#. Rec Pyramid 5 & Vision 8 @ branding & Precon (9-1). Reputation, growthy calvees!Ryan & Dillon Hedges- 40 Blk, BWF, Red & RWF SimX Strs & Hfrs 400600#. Rec Vista Once & 7way @ branding. Sired by Hogg Sim Angus & Jackson Sim bulls. High desert calves!

Ryan & Dillon Hedges- 40 Blk, BWF, Red & RWF SimX Strs & Hfrs 400-600#. Rec Vista Once & 7way @ branding. Sired by Hogg Sim Angus & Jackson Sim bulls. High desert calves!

Cris & Rudy Paravacini- 32 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 525-550#. Rec Pyramid 5 + Presponse, 8 way & Mycoplasma Bovis spring & fall. Sired by sons of Sitz Resilient. Long time Black Angus genetics. Nice, one iron calves! Womack Ranch – 35 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 500-550#. Rec CND & Ultrabac 8 @ branding. Sired by PT Livestock Bulls. Fernando Roman – 30 Blk & BWF Ang Strs & Hfrs 400500#. Rec vision 7 w/ Somnus + spur @ branding. March/ April calves. Sired by Blk Ang Basin Pay weight. Fancy, Stout & high desert!

Scott Thompson – 30 mostly Blk Strs & Hfrs 425-475#. Rec 7 Way & Vista Once SQ @ branding. High elevation. Reputation calves. Challis & Jesse Whitlock- 30 Blk Ang Strs 475-525#. Rec Vista Once SQ & Vision 7 w/Somnus @ branding. Knife cut. Black Angus sired. High elevation calves!

Mill Iron J Ranch- 25 Blk Ang & HfdX Strs & Hfrs 400#. Rec Vision 8 w/spur @ branding. One iron. No hormones, all natural. Very nice commercial replacement quality Hfrs. Stout strs! Year long mineral program.

Tim ONeal- 20 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 500-550#. Rec Vision 8 w/Somnus @ branding. Sired by SO Cattle Blk Ang Bulls. Great set of high gaining calves!

Jamie Sorrels- 20 Blk Ang Strs 400-600#. Comp vacc @ branding. Fancy, thick built calves! Keith Donkersgoed- 20 Blk & BWF(F1) Strs & Hfrs 550#.

Rec Vista Once @ 5 way @ branding. Ryan & Jacque Zurcher- 18 Red Ang Strs & Hfrs 450500#.

FRIDAY, OCTOBER 10

9:30 AM CALF & YEARLING SPECIAL • START TIME 9:30 AM

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 14 YEARLINGS JM Livestock – 600 spayed hfrs 850-925#. 70% Blk Ang & 30% Red/Char X. Rec Pyramid 4 w/ Presponse & 7 way. Been on high desert range. Great set of females! Fancy! CALVES Steve Husted – 220 Blk Ang & AngX (small% BWF) Strs & Hfrs 475-525#. Rec Vista Once sq & Vision 7 @ branding and 8/1. Popo Agie Black Angus sired. Choice, High desert calves! Jack & Amy Robinson- 170 Blk Ang & Ang/SimX Strs & Hfrs 550-650#. Rec Nasalgen, 8 way & Once PMH @ branding. Choice Black Sim/Ang sired calves! Summer over 8500 ft. Powerful feeding calves! Evans Ranch-

Ranch- 100 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 450525#. Rec Vista Once SQ & Vision 7 @ branding. Sired by Abernathy Blk Ang bulls. Choice, green & High elevation!! Clay & Sally Espinosa-100 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 500-600#. Rec Visoin 8 w/ spur, Once PMH IN, Virasheild 6 @ Branding. Knife cut! Out of Popo Agie and Hancock Bulls. High elevation & Fancy!! Hoovendick Ranch- 100 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 500-600#. Rec Visoin 8 w/ spur, Once PMH IN, Virasheild 6 @ Branding. Knife cut! Out of Popo Agie and Hancock Bulls. High elevation & Fancy!! Steve & Brenda Hoovendick- 90 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 500600#. Rec Visoin 8 w/ spur, Once PMH IN, Virasheild 6 @ Branding. Knife cut! Out of Popo Agie and Hancock Bulls. High elevation & Fancy!!

Homer Hunsberger- 70 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 500#. Rec Cattle Active & C&D @ birth; Bovilis Nasalgen 3-PMH & Bovilis Vision 7 w/spur @branding. Powerful genetics, good calves! Scott & Brittany Harris- 65 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 450-500#. Rec Nasalgen 3 PMH, Bovilis BVD & Vision 7 @ branding. Steers are knife cut. Sired by Sitz Blk Ang bulls & Valley View Charolais bulls. Powerful calves! High elevation & Fancy! Ken Persson- 60 Blk Ang & LimFlex Strs & Hfrs 600#. Rec C&D Antitoxin & 8 way @ birth; One Shot, 8 way & MultiMin 90 @ branding. Sired by Powerful Stoll Lim/Flex bulls. Powerful calves!

FRIDAY, OCTOBER 17