Chapter 1: Organization of the Human Body Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
A. B.
Which word is derived from the Greek word meaning “cutting up”? dissection C. pathology physiology D. anatomy
ANS: D REF: MCS: 3
PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction
DIF:
Memorization
2. Which word is defined as the study of the function of living organisms and their parts? A. dissection C. pathology B. physiology D. anatomy
ANS: B REF: MCS: 6 3.
A. B.
DIF:
Memorization
Which word is defined as the scientific study of disease? dissection C. pathology physiology D. anatomy
ANS: C REF: MCS: 6 4.
PTS: 1 TOP: Introduction
PTS: 1 DIF: TOP: Introduction
Memorization
Cells
A. B.
are more complex than tissues are the first level of organization in the body are the smallest living units of structure and function in the body both B and C
C. D. ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 5.
A. B.
Application
REF: MCS: 8
A group of cells that act together to perform a function is called a(n) molecule C. tissue organ D. organism
ANS: C REF: MCS: 8 6.
DIF:
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization
The heart is an example of a(n)
A. B.
organ tissue
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Structural levels of organization 7.
A. B. C. D.
C. D. DIF:
organism system Application
REF: MCS: 8
The levels of organization from most simple to most complex are cell chemical organ tissue system tissue cell chemical organ system chemical tissue cell organ system chemical cell tissue organ system
ANS: D REF: MCS: 7
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization
8. When using directional terms to describe the body, it is assumed that the body is in what position? A. supine C. lateral B. anatomical D. prone
ANS: B REF: MCS: 9 9.
PTS: 1 DIF: TOP: Anatomical position
Memorization
The supine position
A. B. C. D.
describes the body lying face up is also called anatomical position describes the body lying face down both A and B
ANS: A REF: MCS: 9
10.
A. B. C. D. ANS: C REF: MCS: 9
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position
The prone position describes the body lying face up is also called the anatomical position describes the body lying face down both B and C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical position
11.
Because humans walk upright, the term dorsal can be used in place of the
term A. B.
inferior posterior
ANS: B PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 9 direction 12.
A. B.
A. B.
DIF: TOP: Anatomical
DIF:
REF: MCS: 9
posterior medial
The body section that divides the right ear from the left ear is a C. D.
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections
DIF:
coronal transverse Application
REF: MCS: 10
15. The body section that divides the nose from the back of the head is a section. frontal C. midsagittal sagittal D. transverse
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections 16.
A. B.
17.
DIF:
Application
REF: MCS: 10
A section that divides the body into mirror images is a section. frontal C. midsagittal coronal D. transverse
ANS: C PTS: 1 TOP: Planes or body sections
A.
ventral both B and C
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction
frontal sagittal
A. B.
Application
The opposite term for superficial is deep C. inferior D.
ANS: A REF: MCS: 10 14. section. A. B.
anterior distal
The opposite term for posterior in humans is superior C. anterior D.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 13.
C. D.
DIF:
Application
The two major body cavities are called C. thoracic and abdominal
REF: MCS: 10
dorsal and ventral
B.
thoracic and pelvic
ANS: C REF: MCS: 10 18.
A. B.
PTS: 1 DIF: TOP: Body cavities
A. B.
mediastinum and pleural Memorization
The liver can be found in the upper right C. quadrant epigastric region D.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Body cavities 19.
D.
DIF:
hypogastric region both A and B Application
The word “leg” correctly describes the area from the hip to C. the foot area from the knee D. to the ankle
ANS: B REF: MCS: 13
PTS: 1 DIF: TOP: Body regions
REF: MCS: 11
area between the hip and the knee femoral area
Memorization
20. The human body tries to maintain a constant body temperature. This is an example of A. homeostasis C. an effector B. a positive feedback D. a sensor loop
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions
DIF:
Application
REF: MCS: 15
21. The part of a feedback loop that has the direct effect on the regulated condition is called A. homeostasis C. the sensor B. the effector D. the control center
ANS: B PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 16 of body functions
DIF: TOP: The balance
22. The part of the feedback loop that detects a change in the regulated condition is called A. homeostasis C. the sensor B. the effector D. the control center
ANS: C PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 15 of body functions
DIF: TOP: The balance
23. The part of the feedback loop that compares the present condition to the homeostatic condition the body is trying to maintain is called A. homeostasis C. the sensor B. the effector D. the control center
ANS: D REF: MCS: 15
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: The balance of body functions
24. When your body temperature drops below normal, your muscles begin to contract rapidly, making you shiver and generating heat. In this case your muscles are acting as the A. sensor C. control center B. effector D. both A and C
ANS: B PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions
DIF:
Synthesis
REF: MCS: 15
25. Which of the following body functions is an example of a positive feedback loop? A. maintaining a pH of 7.45 in the body B. forming a blood clot C. uterine contractions during labor D. both B and C
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: The balance of body functions 26.
A. B.
DIF:
Application
REF: MCS: 16
The level of organization directly below the organ level is the system C. tissue cellular D. chemical
ANS: C REF: MCS: 7
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Structural levels of organization
27. Which of these terms cannot be applied to a body in the anatomical position? A. dorsal C. supine B. posterior D. both A and B
ANS: C PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 9 position 28.
A. B.
DIF: TOP: Anatomical
Which term means toward the head? anterior C. superior D.
superficial ventral
level.
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Anatomical direction
ANS: B REF: MCS: 9
29.
A. B. C. D.
Which describes the anatomical relationship of the wrist to the elbow? The elbow is proximal to the wrist. The elbow is distal to the wrist. The elbow is superficial to the wrist. The elbow is lateral to the wrist.
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Anatomical direction 30.
A. B.
A. B. C. D.
32.
ANS: C REF: MCS: 11
REF: MCS: 9
plane. transverse frontal
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Planes of body sections
The muscular sheet called the diaphragm divides the right and left pleural cavities thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavities abdominal and pelvic cavities thoracic cavity and mediastinum
ANS: B REF: MCS: 10
A. B. C. D.
Application
A coronal plane or section is another term for a sagittal C. midsagittal D.
ANS: D REF: MCS: 10 31.
DIF:
PTS: 1 DIF: TOP: Body cavities
Memorization
Which is not a part of the upper abdominopelvic region? right hypochondriac region epigastric region hypogastric region All of the above are part of the upper abdominopelvic region. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Body cavities
TRUE/FALS E
1.
ANS: T
Anatomy is defined as the study of the structure of an organism. 3
REF: MCS:
1. system that contains the body’s heaviest organ 2. system that has the main function of transporting materials from one part of the body to another 3. system that contains three types of organs: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac 4. system that has a secondary function of storing calcium and phosphorus for the body 5. system that regulates body functions rapidly but its effects last for a short duration 6. system that regulates body functions slowly but its effects are long lasting
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF:
Memorization
REF: MCS: 93 2.
TOP: Integumentary system ANS: F PTS: 1
DIF:
Memorization
REF: MCS: 96
TOP: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system
1.
3.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 94 4.
TOP: Muscular system ANS: B PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 94 5.
TOP: Skeletal system ANS: D PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 94 6.
TOP: Nervous system ANS: E PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 96
TOP: Endocrine system
Match each organ system with its corresponding function or description. A. lymphatic and D. urinary system immune systems B. respiratory system E. male reproductive system C. digestive system F. female reproductive system
bod y
7. 8. 9. 10.
the urethra is part of only this one system in the female system in which the liver is an accessory organ system that produces ova system that, along with the urinary system, helps regulate the pH of the
11.
a system other than the urinary system that includes the male urethra
12.
system that helps move fat-related nutrients from the digestive system
7.
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 98 8.
TOP: Urinary system ANS: C PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 98 9.
TOP: Digestive system ANS: F PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 99 10.
TOP: Female syste ANS: reproductive B m1 PTS:
REF: MCS: 97 11.
TOP: Respiratory system ANS: E PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 99 12.
TOP: Male reproductive ANS: system A PTS: 1
DIF: Memorization
REF: MCS: 96
TOP: Lymphatic and immune systems
DIF: Memorization
SHORT ANSWER 1. Give a brief description of the integumentary system and explain its functions.
ANS: Answers will vary PTS: 1 93 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Integumentary system
REF: MCS:
2. List the types of tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the function of each.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 94 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Skeletal system
REF: MCS:
3. Name and explain the function of the three types of muscles in the muscular system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 94 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Muscular system
REF: MCS:
4. List the organs and functions of the nervous system and explain how it functions differently than the endocrine system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 94 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Nervous system
REF: MCS:
5. List the organs of the endocrine system and explain how it functions differently than the nervous system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 95 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Endocrine system
REF: MCS:
6. Explain how nerve impulses and hormones have similar functions in their respective systems.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 95 TOP: 7.
DIF: Synthesis REF: Pages 94Nervous system and endocrine system List the structures and explain the function of the lymphatic system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 96 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Lymphatic and immune systems
REF: MCS:
8. What is the function of the body’s immune system? What proteins are involved in the functioning of the immune system?
ANS:
Answers will vary. PTS: 1 96 TOP: 9.
DIF: Memorization Lymphatic and immune systems
REF: MCS:
List the structures and explain the functions of the respiratory system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 97 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Respiratory system
REF: MCS:
10. List the primary and accessory organs of the digestive system and explain the functions of the digestive system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 98 TOP: 11.
DIF: Memorization Digestive system
REF: MCS:
List the structures and explain the functions of the urinary system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 98 TOP: 12.
DIF: Memorization Urinary system
REF: MCS:
How is the reproductive system different from other systems in the body?
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 99 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Reproductive system
REF: MCS:
13. List the structures and explain the functioning of the male reproductive system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1
DIF:
Memorization
REF: MCS: 99
TOP: Male reproductive system 14. List the structures and explain the functioning of the female reproductive system.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 100 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Female reproductive system
REF: Pages 99-
15. Name three “artificial organs.” Explain how they function to replace the damaged organ.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 102 TOP: 16.
DIF: Memorization Artificial organs
REF: MCS:
What is organ transplantation? List several rejection problems.
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 103 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Organ transplantation
REF: Pages 102-
17. Explain how stem cells can help solve the problem of too few organ donors. What are other possible uses for stem cells?
ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 103 TOP:
DIF: Memorization Organ transplantation
REF: MCS:
Chapter 6: Mechanisms of Disease Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.
A. B.
Which of the following is a sign? a red rash C. a headache D.
ANS: A PTS: 1 TOP: Disease terminology 2.
A. B.
Application
Which of the following is a symptom? a red rash C. a headache D.
ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: Disease terminology 3.
DIF:
a pain in the chest both B and C
DIF:
REF: MCS: 114
a pain in your chest both B and C
Application
REF: MCS: 114
Another name for the latent stage in an infectious disease is the
stage. A. B.
etiology communicable
ANS: C PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 114 terminology
C. D.
incubation pathogenic
DIF: TOP: Disease
4. An infectious disease that affects a large number of people worldwide is described as A. endemic C. epidemic B. pandemic D. idiopathic
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: Pages 114-115 Patterns of disease 5.
A. B.
Another term for the word neoplasm is tumor C. parasite D.
ANS: A REF: MCS: 116 6.
A. B.
TOP:
inflammation degeneration
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Mechanisms of disease
Which of these factors is not a mechanism of disease? degeneration C. infection inflammation D. malnutrition
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Pages 116-117 of disease 7.
A. B.
Which of these factors is not a risk factor? autoimmunity C. lifestyle D.
ANS: A REF: MCS: 117 8.
A. B.
A. B. C. D.
A. B.
DIF:
stress preexisting condition
Memorization
protozoa all of the above
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Pathogenic organisms and particles
Which of the following pathogens are considered nonliving? protozoa viruses bacteria All of the above are considered living.
ANS: B REF: MCS: 118 10.
PTS: 1 TOP: Risk factors
Organisms that are called microbes include fungi C. bacteria D.
ANS: D REF: MCS: 118 9.
DIF: Memorization TOP: Mechanisms
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Pathogenic organisms and particles
Mad cow disease is caused by a bacterium C. virus D.
ANS: C REF: MCS: 120
prion protozoon
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Pathogenic organisms and particles
11. Which type of pathogen can be classified by whether it has RNA or DNA as its nucleic acid? A. bacterium C. prion B. virus D. protozoon
ANS: B PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 118 organisms and particles
DIF: TOP: Pathogenic
12. Which type of pathogen is a microscopic living organism that does not have a nucleus? A. bacterium C. prion B. virus D. protozoon
ANS: A REF: MCS: 120 13.
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Pathogenic organisms and particles
Which type of pathogen can be classified based on its reaction to Gram
stain? A. B.
bacterium virus
ANS: A PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 120 organisms and particles 14.
A. B.
A. B.
16.
A. B.
A. B.
protozoon fungus
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Pathogenic organisms and particles
PTS: 1 DIF: TOP: Pathogenic animals
Memorization
PTS: 1 TOP: Neoplasms
DIF:
Memorization
An example of a benign tumor that arises from connective tissue is osteoma C. adenoma melanoma D. lymphoma
ANS: A REF: MCS: 128 19.
C. D.
An example of a benign tumor that arises from epithelial tissue is osteoma C. adenoma melanoma D. lymphoma
ANS: C REF: MCS: 128 18.
bacilli rickettsia
The pathogenic animal most likely to be a vector is a(n) arthropod C. roundworm nematode D. flatworm
ANS: A REF: MCS: 124 17.
DIF: TOP: Pathogenic
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Pathogenic organisms and particles
Athlete’s foot is caused by a bacterium virus
ANS: D REF: MCS: 122
A. B.
prion protozoon
Bacteria that are rod-shaped are called cocci C. spiral D.
ANS: C REF: MCS: 120 15.
C. D.
PTS: 1 TOP: Neoplasms
DIF:
Memorization
An example of a malignant tumor that arises from epithelial tissue is
A. B.
osteoma melanoma
ANS: B REF: MCS: 129 20.
A. B.
PTS: 1 TOP: Neoplasms
hyperplasia anaplasia
ANS: B PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 129 cancer
A. B.
A. B.
DIF:
Memorization
C. D.
metastasis edema
DIF: TOP: Causes of
Which of these is not a diagnostic imaging method used to detect cancer? radiography C. laser therapy magnetic resonance D. computed imaging tomography
ANS: C REF: MCS: 132 23.
Memorization
Abnormal, undifferentiated tumor cells are often produced by a process
called A. B.
22.
DIF:
adenoma lymphoma
An example of a malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue is osteoma C. adenoma melanoma D. lymphoma
ANS: D REF: MCS: 129 21.
PTS: 1 TOP: Neoplasms
C. D.
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Pathogenesis of cancer
Inflammation mediators include all of the following except antibodies C. prostaglandins histamines D. kinins
ANS: A REF: MCS: 133
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Inflammatory response
24. The movement of white blood cells in response to a chemical attractant released during the inflammatory response is called A. edema C. chemotaxis B. inflammatory D. phagocytosis exudate
ANS: C PTS: 1 Memorization REF: MCS: 134 response 25.
DIF: TOP: Inflammatory
Which of the following is not an example of a chronic
inflammatory disease?
A. B. C. D.
arthritis asthma chronic bronchitis All of the above are examples of chronic inflammatory disease.
ANS: D REF: MCS: 134 26.
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Inflammatory disease
A syndrome is a
A. B. C. D.
collection of signs and symptoms disease that lasts for a long time disease that lasts for a short time set of subjective abnormalities that are felt only by the patient
ANS: A REF: MCS: 114 27.
A. B.
HIV cannot be spread by sharing drinking fountains sexual contact
ANS: A REF: MCS: 119 28.
A. B. C. D.
A. B.
PTS: 1 TOP: Viruses
C.
the birth process
D.
All of the above can spread HIV.
DIF:
Memorization
The mosquito is necessary for the spread of HIV West Nile virus severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) mad cow disease
ANS: B REF: MCS: 119 29.
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Disease terminology
PTS: 1 TOP: Viruses
DIF:
Memorization
Which of these bacteria are considered obligate intracellular parasites? streptococci C. Escherichia coli staphylococci D. chlamydia
ANS: D REF: MCS: 120 TRUE/FALSE
PTS: 1 TOP: Bacteria
DIF:
Memorization
1. A symptom is an objective abnormality that can be seen or measured by someone else.
ANS: F REF: MCS: 114 2.
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Disease terminology
One sign of measles is the rash that it sometimes causes.
ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Disease terminology 3.
DIF:
Application
REF: MCS: 114
One sign of the flu is that the patient feels tired all the time he or she has
it. ANS: F PTS: 1 TOP: Disease terminology 4.
A disease with an undetermined etiology is called idiopathic. Application
REF: MCS: 114
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Disease terminology
The terms endemic and epidemic mean the same thing.
ANS: F REF: MCS: 115 8.
DIF:
In infectious diseases, the latent stage is also called the incubation period.
ANS: T REF: MCS: 114 7.
REF: MCS: 114
PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization TOP: Disease terminology
ANS: T PTS: 1 TOP: Disease terminology 6.
Application
A collection of signs and symptoms of a disease can be called a syndrome.
ANS: T REF: MCS: 114 5.
DIF:
PTS: 1 DIF: TOP: Patterns of disease
Memorization
An epidemic usually involves more people than a pandemic.
ANS: F REF: MCS: 115
PTS: 1 DIF: TOP: Patterns of disease
Memorization
9. Pathophysiology is the organized study of the physiological process associated with disease.