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THE FLEMISH ODA REPORT â€¢ 2010 OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF FLANDERS IN 2010

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Publisher: Koen Verlaeckt, Secretary General of the Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs, Boudewijnlaan 30b 80, 1000 Brussels Editor: Simon Calcoen Layout: Ingrid van Rintel, Simon Calcoen Printed by: Agency for Facility Management, Digital Printing Office Catalogue number: D/2011/3241/145 http://www.vlaanderen.be/internationaal

Table of contents 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 5 1.1

International context: the 0.7% target ............................................................................... 6

1.2

European context .................................................................................................................. 7

1.3

National context .................................................................................................................... 8

2. Methodological notes......................................................................................................... 9 2.1.

Contributions that are not in conformity with the OECD-DAC Directive ....................... 9

2.2.

Contributions that are in conformity with the OECD-DAC Directive ............................. 9

2.3.

Breakdown by bilateral, multilateral and indirect cooperation ..................................... 10

3. Analysis of Flemish ODA ..................................................................................................11 3.1

Overview .............................................................................................................................. 11

3.2

Spending pattern of Flemish ODA ................................................................................... 13

3.3

The Flemish development cooperation spending pattern ............................................ 17

3.4

Flemish ODA in perspective.............................................................................................. 21

4. Bilateral cooperation .........................................................................................................25 4.1

South Africa ......................................................................................................................... 27

4.2

Mozambique ........................................................................................................................ 32

4.3

Malawi................................................................................................................................... 34

4.4

Other countries.................................................................................................................... 37

5. Multilateral cooperation ....................................................................................................39 6. Indirect cooperation ..........................................................................................................47 6.1

Municipal development cooperation ................................................................................ 49

6.2

Awareness raising and education .................................................................................... 50

6.3

Trade and development ..................................................................................................... 51

6.4

Vlaams Fonds Tropisch Bos (Flemish Fund for Tropical Forests) .............................. 53

6.5

Vlaams Partnerschap Water voor Ontwikkeling............................................................. 57

(Flemish Partnership â€˜Water for Developmentâ€™) ......................................................................... 57 6.6

Scientific institutions ........................................................................................................... 60

6.7

Scholarships ........................................................................................................................ 62

6.8

Support to NGOs and other indirect cooperation........................................................... 64

6.9

Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................................... 65

7. Emergency relief and humanitarian aid.............................................................................69 Ordering printed copies ........................................................................................................73

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

1. Introduction The Flemish ODA Report 2010 provides an overview of the Government of Flanders' real expenditures on development assistance in the calendar year 2010. These expenditures comply with the official criteria for development cooperation (Official Development Assistance or ODA), which have been laid down internationally for the 24 members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the OECD. A financial intervention may qualify as ODA if it meets each of the following four conditions:

1. 2. 3. 4.

Official: the expenditure comes strictly from government funds Development: the main objective is economic and social development Assistance: it is aid (i.e., it is not a commercial transaction subject to market conditions) The assistance is going to a country (or group of countries) or an international institution on the DAC list1.

Next to financial transfers, technical cooperation and development-oriented loans (with a gift element of minimum 25%) are also considered ODA. Transfers through NGOs are regarded as ODA if these are funded through government bodies. Military aid, in contrast, is no longer considered ODA since the end of the Cold War. Debt cancellations associated with export credits on the other hand are recorded as ODA. From 1979 and 1991, administration costs in donor countries and costs in one's own country associated with refugees and asylum seekers are registered as ODA2. In view of this international reporting practice, Flanders strives to keep this exercise as transparent and honest as possible. For a sub-state donor, it is indeed impossible to charge on any military operations or the repatriation costs of refugees. Moreover, under the Framework Flemish Parliament Act (Art.5, §2), Flanders undertakes to offer strictly untied assistance. For this reason an amount totalling EUR 3,668,511 for mostly trade-related support is deliberately not included in this ODA report. Finally, no concessional loans or debt cancellations were employed as an instrument for development in 2010. In conformity with the OECD/DAC criteria, total Flemish ODA consists on the one hand of Flemish development cooperation expenditures, i.e. the payments made from the actual budget for development cooperation. On the other hand several other policy areas also fund activities that can be charged as official development assistance according to the OECD/DAC. Therefore, Flemish ODA should not be confused with the development cooperation budget. Flemish ODA expenditures were originally gathered at the request of the federal DirectorateGeneral for Development Cooperation (DGDC). This administrative body collects similar data from all Belgian authorities, adds them up and subsequently sends them to the OECD Development Assistance Committee in Paris. The OECD/DAC groups the world’s most important bilateral donors and every year it requests the figures for official development cooperation from all the OECD Member States. The ranking according to the percentage of GNI spent on ODA by the donors in the preceding year is one of the best known analyses carried out by this organisation. With the advent of the Framework Flemish Parliament Act on Development Cooperation of 22 June 2007, the ODA report has become a mandatory tool under the Act for reporting to the Flemish Parliament. Furthermore, the report is allocated a dual role under the Framework Act. On the one hand, it is a report about the measures taken by the Government of Flanders to directly contribute to the internationally accepted objective of spending the equivalent of at least 0.7% of the GNI on ODA (Art. 23, 24). On the other hand, the Flemish ODA report constitutes a policy instrument to test the objective of coherent development policy (Art. 3 §1). In addition, these figures shall be incorporated into the next edition of the Vlaamse Regionale Indicatoren/VRIND (Flemish Regional Indicators), which contains a number of quantitative and

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

qualitative measurements for each policy area of the Flemish administration3. Many civil society organisations, however, show an interest in the figures as well. 11.11.11 (the NGO umbrella organisation) for example, studies the report in preparation of its annual report regarding European, Belgian and Flemish development cooperation.

1.1

International context: the 0.7% target

The OECD Development Assistance Committee has been collecting information about all the financial flows from OECD countries to developing countries since 1961, which is exactly 50 years ago. Specific focus was placed on public funds within the framework of development cooperation. In 1969, the DAC for the first time defined ODA. Over the years, the definition of ODA was fine-tuned and laid down in the current 75-page Directive. Official development assistance is traditionally measured in proportion to the Gross National Income (GNI) of the donor countries. At the General Meeting of the UN in October 1970 the Member States adopted Resolution 2626, in which the industrialised countries committed to investing 0.7% of their GNI in development cooperation by 1975. So far, this goal has not been achieved. However, five individual European countries did meet this target: Sweden, Norway, Luxembourg, Denmark, and the Netherlands.

Historical development of worldwide ODA $140.000

0,60%

$120.000

0,50%

$100.000

0,40%

$80.000 0,30% $60.000 0,20%

$40.000

0,10%

0,00% 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

$20.000

ODA in million USD (constant prices 2008)

ODA as share of GNI

Especially in the early 90s, there was a strong decline in ODA. Under impulse of the Millennium Development Goals (2000), the Monterrey Financing for Development Conference and a number of G8 and UN summits an increase in ODA has been reported again since 2000. Having regard to the monetary value and the 2008 exchange rates, the total ODA in 2009 rose by less than 1% compared to 2008. According to the projections of the OECD-DAC, the average spending for 2010 will be approximately 0.32% of the GNI, or USD 126 billion. This would be an increase of USD 6 billion compared to 2009. The â€˜major donors' seem to contribute relatively little in proportion to the GNI. The USA, Japan and Canada account for 0.18%, 0.22% and 0.33% of their GNI respectively4. The striking thing is that it is precisely these large donors that belong to the G8 which, in Gleneagles in 2005, advocated in favour of increasing the assistance up to USD 130 billion (in 2004 monetary value) by 2010. It is estimated that a gap of about USD 17 billion (in 2004 monetary value) arose for the Gleneagles objective.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

The illustration below shows that the ODA composition by spending channel is gradually returning to the composition from the beginning of the years 2000, but with a greater share for humanitarian aid. The large wave of debt cancellation operations has faded away, so that we acquire a clearer picture of the real expenditures for development cooperation. From 2000 to 2003 and from 2005 to 2007 the ODA, without debt cancellations, remained more or less constant.

Recently, the commitments of the donors are more strongly focused on making the expenditures more effective than on formulating a new quantitative objective. During this period (2010-2015) it should mainly become clear to what extent previous commitments have been delivered on. Nevertheless, the G20 (the group of 19 countries + the EU which jointly account for 90% of the global GDP) committed in April 2009 to a number of development-oriented measures in response to the financial crisis. This commitment implied the mobilisation of USD 50 billion to take social protection measures, promote trade and safeguard development in low-income countries. In addition, another USD 6 billion would be appropriated in additional gifts and flexible funding for the poorest countries in 2 to 3 years.

1.2

European context

60% of worldwide Official Development Assistance (ODA) comes from the European Union, making it the worldâ€™s largest donor community. 2010 was an important year for the EU Member States. In 2005, they jointly committed to spending by 2010 a total of 0.56% of the GNI on development cooperation, of which at least 0.51% of the GNI for long-standing Member States and 0.17% of the GNI for new Member States. In a next phase, by 2015, the EU as a whole has to achieve the 0.7% standard. Although the ODA registration of the EU Member States has not yet been completed, the general trend points towards an increase. Based on prior estimates, the EU-27 is said to have jointly spent 0.45% to 0.46% of their incomes on development assistance in 2010. In 2009, this was only 0.42% of the GNI for the EU. In the 15 long-standing EU countries the ODA figures (in 2005 real value) turned out to be EUR 10.2 billion lower than the commitments. 90% of this shortage can be explained by a gap

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

between the intentions and realisations by France (EUR -1.5 billion), Germany (EUR -2.7 billion) and Italy (EUR -4.9 billion). Within the EU-12, Malta and Cyprus achieved the 0.17% objective. This does not apply to the other 10 new Member States. In 2009, four EU Member States â€“ Sweden, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Denmark â€“ spent 0.8% (or more) of their GNI on development. The two latter countries are planning to maintain this level. Luxembourg and Sweden wish to extend their contribution even more. Some Member States (UK, Cyprus, Ireland and Belgium) planned more ambitious national goals for 2010 than the goals that were laid down in the European promise. Although there is less political certainty since the financial crisis about whether these targets can be met, it is certain that the European goal will be achieved for these countries as well. The same applies to Finland. Although they remain quite far removed from the agreed goals, Greece and Portugal are planning to undertake important steps to increase their ODA. Given the financial crisis in these two countries, it is very unlikely that these plans are actually realised in 2010. The downward trend in Austria in 2009 is reported to have been partially counterbalanced in 2010. Italy is the only EU country that introduced a significant reduction (of EUR 1 billion) in 20106.

1.3

National context

Belgian ODA consists of contributions from the budget of the Directorate-General for Development Cooperation as well as of other federal public services (foreign affairs, finance, Fedasil...); the contributions from the Regions, Communities and provinces; debt cancellations; voluntary and compulsory contributions to international institutions; ... The Belgian Government has set itself the legal obligation to spend at least 0.7% of the GNI on development assistance by 2010.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

2. Methodological notes Before giving an overview of all development-relevant contributions we wish to ensure the necessary transparency as regards the methodology adopted. During the registration the OECDDAC Directive is applied. During the registration of all development-relevant expenditures we contacted the Federal Public Service for Development Cooperation (DGDC) at an early stage. Together with the federal representative of the OECD-DAC Working Group on Statistics all expenditure was thoroughly screened for conformity with the OECD-DAC Reporting Directive.

2.1. Contributions that are not in conformity with the OECD-DAC Directive One multilateral treaty (EUR 9,582 to AEWA) turned out not to be included on the list of ODA recipient organisations and was removed from the calculation of total ODA.

2.2. Contributions that are in conformity with the OECD-DAC Directive The following contributions are in compliance with ODA criteria, but were deliberately not included in the reporting because they assume an obligation to purchase from Flemish consultants or companies. Flemish development cooperation has to be strictly untied under the Framework Flemish Parliament Act. As a result of the application of the Framework Flemish Parliament Act in the ODA report the total Flemish ODA in 2010 was reduced by EUR 3,668,511. This reduction applies to the following contributions.

1. Subsidy for capital goods The Flemish Government Decree of 11 February 2000 establishing the criteria, the conditions and other arrangements concerning the supply of Flemish capital goods to promote exports shows that capital goods cannot comprise more than 30% goods of foreign origin. This presupposes a specific obligation to purchase, so the subsidy meets the definition of tied aid. For this reason, EUR 3,019,467 in subsidies for capital goods were not recorded as ODA in 2010.

2. Subsidy for feasibility studies The Flemish Government Decree of 31 March 2006 awarding subsidies for feasibility studies regarding construction and environmental projects with Flemish involvement abroad shows that the feasibility study has to be carried out by the operating headquarters of a company located in the Flemish Region. This presupposes a specific obligation to purchase, so the subsidy meets the definition of tied aid. For this reason, EUR 649,044 in subsidies for feasibility studies were not recorded as ODA in 2010.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

2.3. Breakdown by bilateral, multilateral and indirect cooperation An intervention is transferred to the OECD-DAC as ‘bilateral aid’ in the following cases: - It concerns a financial transaction by the Government of Flanders to a government of a country on the OECD-DAC list of recipient countries. - It concerns direct, indirect or multilateral development assistance as the concrete implementation of the mutually (by both governments) agreed strategy papers. - The project is addressed in the annual consultation with the partner country. An intervention is transferred to the OECD-DAC as ‘multilateral aid’ in the following cases: - Core funding to an international organisation (in this case UN institutions or the OECD). - Earmarked support to an international organisation, of which the geographical focus has not been laid down (cf. projects of UNESCO and the International Labour Organisation). - Support through a multilateral organisation to a partner country of Flemish development cooperation, without the project being a concrete implementation of the mutually agreed strategy papers or reviewed during the annual consultation with the partner. - Support to an organisation (indirect assistance) involving more than one beneficiary country. An intervention is transferred to the OECD-DAC as ‘indirect aid’ in the following cases: - The Government of Flanders funds or co-funds activities within the framework of the development policy of an indirect actor (an NGO, a non-profit organisation, a municipality or another organisation). - A financial transaction to an indirect actor, linked to the concrete implementation of a given policy objective of Flemish development cooperation (in this case mainly applicable to projects in the North). - Support granted through an NGO, a non-profit organisation or another organisation to a partner country of Flemish development cooperation, without the project being a concrete implementation of the mutually agreed strategy papers or reviewed during the annual consultation with the partner.

=> Examples from the ODA Report 2010 to illustrate the concrete implementation: - The International Labour Organisation (ILO) is a multilateral UN institution. In consultation with the South African authorities it was decided to involve ILO in the implementation of the strategy paper with South Africa. The ILO promotes decent work in the Free State Province, building on the priorities of the provincial and municipal authorities. This is regarded as ‘bilateral aid’ and not as ‘multilateral aid’. - The Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde Antwerpen/ITG (Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp) receives a subsidy for general personnel costs and operating and equipment expenses. In accordance with the management agreement, 40% thereof is intended for higher technical education and 40% goes to scientific research. The remaining 20% goes to social services for the benefit of poor target groups in developing countries. This subsidy is considered ‘indirect aid’. However, the ITG is also used in the integrated network to reduce HIV/AIDS/STDs in Tete Province (Mozambique). This is a concrete implementation of the mutually agreed strategy papers, and was laid down in consultation with the partner. This contribution is therefore classified as ‘bilateral aid’. - The Red Cross invests in disaster prevention by publishing a first aid manual which is customised to the needs of the local Red Cross divisions in Mozambique and Malawi. Since this project is oriented towards more than one country, this is registered as ‘multilateral aid’.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

3. Analysis of Flemish ODA 3.1

Overview

Flemish ODA for 2010 amounts to EUR 48,117,307. EUR 13.7 million or 29% of this ODA is spent within the scope of bilateral cooperation, i.e., forms of cooperation based on an agreement between the Government of Flanders and a partner country of Flemish development cooperation. About 46% of the 2010 bilateral cooperation expenditures went to programmes and projects in Malawi. South Africa received EUR 3.6 million. This year, EUR 3.4 million was paid for cooperation with Mozambique. In 2010, a number of multilateral institutions were called in to implement the bilateral development policy. That is why these organisations have not been included under the ‘multilateral cooperation’ category, but have been listed in the sub-category ‘Bi-Multi’. Chapter 4 contains the exact composition of expenditures for bilateral aid. Multilateral cooperation represented EUR 7.9 million or 16% of Flemish ODA in 2010. Flanders has developed relations with a number of international organisations, such as UNESCO, the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the World Food Programme, the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East,... Several contributions to these institutions have been earmarked for Southern Africa (sub-regional) or the partner countries of Flemish development cooperation. Chapter 5 deals with the distribution of the expenditures for multilateral aid. Indirect cooperation accounted for EUR 22.1 million, or 46% of Flemish ODA. This involves forms of cooperation in which the Government of Flanders funds or co-funds activities in the context of the development policy of an indirect actor. This can include non-governmental organisations, international institutions, universities and scientific institutions, and municipal and provincial authorities. The main share of indirect cooperation, EUR 14 million, went to the structural funding of scientific institutions, such as the Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp and the Instituut voor Ontwikkelingsbeleid- en Beheer/IOB (Institute of Development Policy and Management). Other major expenditure items in 2010 included assistance to NGOs and/or NPOs (EUR 1.9 million), awareness and development education (EUR 1.5 million), municipal covenants on development cooperation (EUR 1.4 million), scholarships (EUR 861,625) and trade and development initiatives (EUR 1,115,659). The breakdown by expenditure item of indirect cooperation is explained in Chapter 6. In the context of international cooperation, Flanders also provides assistance to areas affected by natural or man-made disasters. Emergency relief and humanitarian aid represented EUR 1.8 million or 3.7% of ODA expenditure in 2010. The aid intervention distribution is laid down in Chapter 7. Finally, the Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs as well as the Agency recorded administrative costs that are necessary to establish and to implement the development cooperation policy. In 2010, these costs amounted to 5% of the total ODA. The attribution by category (bilateral, multilateral and indirect aid) was explained in the aforementioned methodological chapter. The next page contains a summary table of Flemish ODA expenditure in 2010.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Composition of Flemish ODA in 2010 (in EUR) Bilateral cooperation

13,718,628

South Africa

3,611,644

Mozambique

3,360,417

Malawi

6,320,566

Other

426,000

Including Bi-Multi:

Multilateral cooperation

7,853,873

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

3,123,906

UNESCO

2,212,662

United Nations University (UNU-CRIS)

967,000

UN World Food Programme (WFP) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF)

884,000

Rode Kruis Vlaanderen (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders)

125,000

150,000 164,465

World Health Organisation (WHO)

84,224

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

75,461

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change (UNFCCC)

52,223

Other

14,932

Indirect cooperation

22,136,460

Scientific institutions

14,046,892

Support to NGOs and/or NPOs

1,994,556

Awareness and development education

1,552,069

Municipal covenants on development cooperation

1,396,083

Trade and development

1,115,659

Scholarships

861,625

Flemish Partnership ‘Water for Development’

447,562

Flemish Fund for Tropical Forests

246,727

Other

475,285

Emergency relief and humanitarian aid

1,807,910

Administrative and operating costs

2,579,505

Flanders International Cooperation Agency/FICA Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs

2,327,813 251,691

48,117,307

Total Flemish ODA

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

3.2

Spending pattern of Flemish ODA

Flemish ODA can be further broken down by beneficiary actor, recipient country, sector, and Millennium Development Goals. 3.2.1. Beneficiaries In 2010, 33% of Flemish ODA was spent on scientific institutions and universities. This does not only concern indirect support for development-relevant development research. Scientificc institutions such as the Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp and specialised institutions at Ghent University are also partners in bilateral development cooperation in Mozambique. The United Nations and related institutions accounted for 21% of Flemish Flemish ODA in 2010. This does not relate solely to contributions within the framework of multilateral cooperation. UNAIDS, for instance, is also an implementing actor within bilateral cooperation with Mozambique. Furthermore, several UN organisations receive funding to provide humanitarian aid. In total, 19% of Flemish ODA was paid out directly to the governments of South Africa, Mozambique and Malawi. Non-governmental Non governmental organisations (NGOs) received 18.1%. This percentage is the sum of the share of Flemish and national NGOs (14%), international NGOs (0.59%), and local NGOs in the South (3.60%). Finally, 2.5% of ODA goes to Flemish cities and municipalities. These subsidies come from the development cooperation budget.

Breakdown of Flemish ODA in 2010 by actor Scientific institutions

UN and related institutions

2% 4% 33%

14%

Governments Flemish NGOs and/or NPOs Other

19% 21%

Cities and municipalities Local NGOs International NGOs

Most contributions are targeted at relief relief efforts in a group of countries or one single specific country. The table below shows the total ODA of all financial interventions in 2010 for the ten biggest recipients, regardless of the type of assistance involved, be it bilateral, multilateral or indirect aid or emergency relief.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Top 10 countries/regions receiving Flemish ODA 2010

% ODA

Malawi

€ 7,819,937 16.25%

Mozambique

€ 4,972,225 10.33%

South Africa

€ 3,853,363

8.01%

€ 502,757

1.04%

India

€ 1,267,220

2.63%

Haiti

€ 620,000

1.29%

Chile

€ 333,820

0.69%

Burundi

€ 300,000

0.62%

Burkina Faso

€ 300,000

0.62%

Pakistan

€ 269,960

0.56%

Southern Africa (sub-regional) (sub

35%

The priority partner countries and regions were the biggest recipients of ODA in 2010, accounting for 35% of total ODA. If we do not consider the expenditures within the framework of the projects in the North, these countries represent 68% of total ODA for the projects in the South. South The ODA to these target countries can be further broken down by beneficiary benef actor:

Composition of ODA in 2010 in Flemish partner countries South Africa Governments Malawi United Nations and related institutions Mozambique Southern Africa 0%

Scientific institutions NGOs Other

50% 100%

In Malawi, 53% of the payments were from government to government. Next to this, 34% was transferred from the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). 12% of the he payments were carried out through NGOs. The distribution of the spending channels shows that in Mozambique a portfolio approach is used, with an equivalent distribution between transfers via the government, multilateral institutions, and scientific institutions. In South Africa 71% of ODA is paid directly from government to government. All other expenditure mainly takes place through NGOs.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Regional projects in Southern Africa were almost exclusively implemented via NGOs. 3.2.2. Sectors The diagram below elow shows the expenditure of Flemish ODA per sector. The sector coding system was fine-tuned tuned by the OECD Development Assistance Committee and allows for comparisons between the sectoral information of all donors. A sector describes the economic or social structure of the development that the intervention intends to foster.

Breakdown of Flemish ODA in 2010 according to OECD/DAC classification 2% 3% 3% 2% 4%

Scientific research Health Education Awareness

13%

Humanitarian aid

5% 25% 15%

Agriculture and livestock farming Administrative costs NGO Trade and industry

3% 6%

15% Government & civil society Social infrastructure Water supply and remediation

Flemish ODA is concentrated around the sectors of health (26%), agriculture and livestock farming (15%) and education (15%). The support for scientific research (13%) is also always alwa an important category. Development education and awareness (6%) are also relatively important sectors in terms of ODA. The remaining category â€˜Other classificationâ€™ (4%) comprises smaller expenditures in the sectors of energy, forestry, transport and storage, storage, water supply, tourism, environmental protection and so on.

3.2.3 Millennium Development Goals Similarly, Flemish ODA can be broken down in terms of contribution towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). All ODA expenditures that do not specifically relate to any of these MDGs are placed under MDG 1 or MDG 8. The idea behind this system is that, in principle, all expenditures that qualify as ODA should contribute to the reduction of poverty or the partnership for development. As the the diagram shows, Flanders mainly concentrates its efforts on MDG 1 (20%), MDGs 4-6 6 (28%) and MDG 8 (23%).

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Breakdown of Flemish ODA in 2010 by MDG MDG 1: End Poverty and Hunger 20%

23%

MDG 2: Universal Education

11%

MDG 4 - 6: Health

18%

MDG 7: Environmental Sustainability

28%

MDG 8: Global Partnership for Development

3.2.4 Origin of the Flemish ODA contribution In 2010, 9 departments contributed to Flemish ODA. Three policy areas accounted for 94.2% of Flemish ish ODA: Internationaal Vlaanderen/IV (Flemish Foreign Affairs), Onderwijs en Vorming/OV (Education and Training), and Economie, Wetenschap en Innovatie/EWI (Economy, Science and Innovation).

Percentage-wise wise breakdown of ODA by department WVG 100%

RWO

80%

8% 10%

35%

31%

60%

DAR 11%

10,3%

35%

MOW

32% 32,3%

40%

51%

54%

20%

WSE CJSM

47% 48%

51,6%

LNE EWI

2006 2007

OV 2008

2009 2010

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

3.3

The Flemish development cooperation spending pattern

ODA figures and the development cooperation budget should not be confused with one another. As mentioned above, the expenditures of Flemish development cooperation are part of total Flemish ODA. Flemish ODA after all also comprises expenditures from several several policy areas of the Flemish administration – transfers that are development-relevant development relevant in keeping with the rules of the OECD/DAC. Moreover, the budget reflects the appropriations available for commitments, whereas the ODA figure only takes actual payments payment into account. The distinction between Flemish ODA and the development cooperation budget is illustrated below.

Flemish ODA and the development cooperation budget € 50.000.000 € 45.000.000 € 40.000.000 € 35.000.000 € 30.000.000 € 25.000.000 € 20.000.000 € 15.000.000 € 10.000.000 € 5.000.000 €0

Flemish ODA

Development cooperation budget (initial)

In this section (3.3) we discuss the actual payments from this budget in greater detail. Flanders International Cooperation agency (FICA) is in charge of implementing this budget.

3.3.1. Beneficiaries

Governments in South Africa, Mozambique and Malawi claim 36% of the expenditures under the development cooperation budget. NGOs receive about one fourth of the overall expenditures, whereas eas UN institutions represent 18%. A striking element is the evolution of the contribution to the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF), which tripled (from EUR 335,224 in 2008 to EUR 1,142,001 in 2009, to EUR 2,487,406 in 2010). Cities and municipalities receive 5% of the expenditures of the development cooperation budget. The low share of the scientific institutions (3%) contrasts with the large share within total ODA (33%). Institutions that carry out development-relevant development research thus mainly receive support from the specialist EWI and OV departments.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Breakdown of Flemish development cooperation in 2010 by actor Governments UN and related institutions Flemish NGOs and/or NPOs 36%

18%

22% 11% 5%

Other Cities and municipalities Scientific institutions

20%

40%

Local NGOs 60%

80%

100%

International NGOs

3.3.2. Sectors In comparison with total Flemish ODA there is a higher sectoral concentration in the expenditures of Flemish development cooperation. The focal sectors of agriculture & livestock farming (30%) and nd health (26%) can be linked to the actual payments. Next to this there are also a number of core tasks of the Flanders International Cooperation Agency, i.e., awareness (12%), the processing of humanitarian aid dossiers (7%), support to NGOs (5%), among other things by means of the subsidies for wage costs of personnel members under the former DAC status. The total administrative costs represent 10% of the expenditures.

Breakdown of Flemish development cooperation in 2010 according to OECD/DAC classification Health Agriculture and livestock farming Awareness 26%

Administrative costs 30%

12% 10%

7%5%

Humanitarian aid

Support to NGOs Trade and industry 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

3.3.3. Millennium Development Goals The development cooperation budget has a higher higher concentration for MDGs than is the case for total ODA. The contributions can be reduced to MDG 1 (41%), MDGs 4-6 4 6 (29%) and MDG 8 (25%).

Breakdown of Flemish development cooperation by MDG

MDG 1: End Hunger and Poverty MDG 4 - 6: Health

41%

29%

25% MDG 7: Environmental Sustainability

MDG 8: Global Partnership for Development 20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

3.3.4. Evolution of the commitments and payments on the basic allocation for projects in the South The evolution ution of the commitments of the 2010 appropriations for projects in the South within the development cooperation budget (DE 110) shows that the average budgetary size of the funded interventions is dropping again, after a period of constant increases between between 2004 and 2008. 27 commitments were made on a total amount of EUR 19,742,912. The fact that the amount that is committed on average is decreasing is due to itemisation of banking costs (EUR 1,748) and the commitment of 13 projects with a volume lower than than (or equal to) EUR 100,000.

Evolution of the amount per commitment for projects in the South 1.600.000 €

1.453.656 1.317.494

1.400.000 € 1.200.000 €

1.120.162 845.925

731.219

800.000 € 600.000 €

962.665

1.000.000 €

Average amount per commitment

17 Number of commitments

450.480

400.000 €

200.000 € 0€

7 2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

A commitment encompasses the total cost of a project. This is then subdivided into one or several payment instalments that are paid by the donor depending on the progress of the implementation in the field. The sudden decrease of the average commitment amount cannot be deduced from the evolution of the average payment amount for projects in the South within the development cooperation budget (DE 110). This amount strongly increased between 2006 and 2008. Since then, the average payment for projects in the South continues to gradually rise by approximately EUR 10,000 per year.

Evolution of the amount per payment for projects in the South 500.000 € 450.000 €

414.800 €

425.698 €

435.609 €

400.000 € 350.000 €

Average size of payment

302.803 €

300.000 € 250.000 € 200.000 €

183.150 €

150.000 € 100.000 € 50.000 € 0€ 2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

3.4

Flemish ODA in perspective

3.4.1. Historical development of ODA since 2004 During the 2004-2009 term ODA increased by 70%, from EUR 28.9 million to EUR 49.5 million respectively. This trend did not continue in 2010, because ODA decreased in that year by EUR 1.4 million compared to ODA in 2009. The shrinking bar chart cannot be deduced from the expenditures on the development cooperation budget, which increased by EUR 2.8 million. Between 2009 and 2010, the share of expenditures from the development cooperation budget increased from 43% to 48% of total ODA.

Composition of Flemish ODA 2004-2010 € 60.000.000

0,25%

€ 50.000.000

0,20% 14.617.006 € 10.806.779 €

€ 40.000.000 10.444.339 €

€ 30.000.000 4.880.348 € 5.742.354 €

12.967.529 €

0,15% 14.046.892 €

6.315.672 €

14.463.756 €

0,10%

12.016.536 € 13.357.556 €

€ 20.000.000

10.340.929 € 10.527.148 €

10.695.948 €

€ 10.000.000 13.680.145 €13.842.477 € 15.031.364 €

18.158.945 € 17.075.223 € 20.463.483 €

23.263.637 €

€-

0,05%

0,00% 2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Other expenditures that can be recorded as ODA Funding of scientific institutions and universities Flemish development cooperation Share of ODA in total Flemish government expenditure

3.4.2 Share of budget support within Flemish ODA The consultation forums on aid effectiveness place strong focus on the significance of budget support for the budget of the recipient country. In principle, budget support guarantees maximum alignment with the policy priorities of the recipient country. The recipient government itself is responsible for the implementation and is accountable to the people and the donors. Donors that invest in budget support harmonise their support within the donor community. In fact the budgetary resources of the different donors are brought together into one single fund and donors preferably speak with one voice in the monitoring of the implementation. In this way small donors can limit the transaction costs for recipient countries.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

The diagram above indicates the share of budget support in a donorâ€™s total ODA in 20087. For Flanders both the shares of 2008 and 2010 were indicated. In 2008 as well as in 2010 the Government of Flanders invested EUR 4 million in budget support. In 2008, 9.2% of ODA was spent on budget support; in 2010 this was 8.3%. The relative decrease can be explained by an increase in ODA from EUR 43.4 million to EUR 48.1 million. In 2008, the share of budget support within the total expenditure on development assistance in Flanders was matched by the share of France, New Zealand and the European Commission.

3.4.3. Flanders as donor in the international context The contribution from Flanders within the partner countries of Flemish development cooperation can be compared with that of other donors. In view of the fact that ODA by other donors for 2010 was not available at the time this report was drafted, the comparison runs until 20098. Flemish ODA in the partner countries 2006 2007 2008 South Africa Flemish ODA Place on donor ranking % of total ODA Mozambique Flemish ODA Place on donor ranking % of total ODA Malawi Flemish ODA Place on donor ranking % of total ODA

2009

6,501,692 14 1.50%

3,361,431 15 0.78%

4,508,559 15 0.74%

3,921,056 12 0.65%

2,821,004 19 0.39%

5,572,563 19 0.71%

6,996,654 19 0.75%

5,325,919 19 0.57%

750,000 18 0.25%

1,640,000 13 0.57%

710,510 16 0.23%

5,572,745 9 1.70%

In the past four years the bilateral ODA to South Africa rose by over USD 200 million. Yet, Flandersâ€™ position in the donor ranking remains fairly constant. This points to a greater contribution from the largest donors in South Africa. In Mozambique, Flanders is still ranked 19th among bilateral donors. Flemish ODA to Malawi is strongly increasing. In all probability, Flanders will rank among the top 10 of bilateral donors in 2010 as well.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

4. Bilateral cooperation The framework Flemish Parliament Act on Development Cooperation describes bilateral cooperation as those forms of cooperation that are funded by the Government of Flanders and that are based on an agreement between the Government of Flanders and a partner country of Flemish development cooperation. These are countries from the South, represented by their governments, which are regarded as a priority for Flemish development cooperation. Apart from the central government of the partner countries, federated states and regional governments may possibly, and insofar as allowed by law or by the central government of the partner country, also be partners of Flemish development cooperation. At present Flemish development cooperation has three partner countries: South Africa, Mozambique and Malawi.

South Africa Flemish development cooperation started out with South Africa as its first partner country in 1994. In the space of a decade, this cooperation has changed considerably: from mere support to NGOs in South Africa to direct cooperation with the South African governments. The development cooperation between Flanders and South Africa is laid down in a bilateral agreement, a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and a strategy paper stipulating the cooperation priorities for a period of five years. Currently, the 2005-2009 strategy paper is applicable, which was approved by the Government of Flanders on 22 April 2005. Based on the results of the interim evaluation, Flanders and South Africa ratified the extension of the current strategy paper by two years. The evaluation report was made available to the Flemish Parliament in accordance with the framework Flemish Parliament Act. Each of the three provinces has put forward its priority sectors in the strategy paper. In KwaZuluNatal these are agriculture and food security; in Limpopo, sustainable job creation in agriculture; and in the Free State, job creation in small and medium-sized enterprises. Each year, an average amount of EUR 1.5 million is appropriated in the budget for each of the three provinces.

Mozambique The development cooperation between Flanders and Mozambique started in 2002. In 2004, Flanders and Mozambique concluded a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on health. The MOU aims to intensify the fight against HIV/AIDS. The strategy paper (2006-2010) confirms that the focus of the cooperation continues to be health. On 18 July 2008, the Government of Flanders approved the Memorandum of Understanding regarding sector-specific budget support to Mozambique (PROSAUDE II). It replaces the Memorandum of 12 November 2003 that created a unified financing mechanism for assistance to the health sector. The fund spends an annual EUR 2 million on the Socio-Economic Plan for the Health Care Sector of the Mozambique Government. In 2010, a total of EUR 2 million was transferred to the joint sectoral fund. In total, EUR 3.2 million went to the health sector.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Malawi On 28 April 2006, the Government of Flanders chose Malawi as the third partner country for Flemish development cooperation. A Memorandum of Understanding was subsequently signed in January 2007. This Memorandum offers a framework for support of the development plans of the Malawi government, aiming to realise poverty reduction and economic growth, as described in the Malawi Growth & Development Strategy. The fact-finding missions clearly showed that Malawiâ€™s priorities are agriculture and food security. At the request of its partner Flanders has chosen to cooperate in the agriculture and health sectors. On 7 November 2008, a strategy paper for 2009-2013 was drawn up and approved. When developing new initiatives Flanders will strive for donor coordination and seek to align its activities with those of other donors. In 2010, EUR 2,000,000 was paid into the joint sectoral health fund. Together with the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders and UNAIDS further investments were made in capacity building for primary health care and in the reduction of young women and girlsâ€™ vulnerability to HIV infection. In the agriculture sector the support programme for extension services was further implemented. These are intended to tackle the shortage of veterinaries, agricultural specialists and agricultural advisors in the Kasungu and Mzimba districts through fully-fledged high-quality training in the short term. In cooperation with the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), Flanders provides an integrated set of services to improve the food and nutrition security of 29,000 food-insecure households in Malawi. At the same time Flanders supports another six initiatives of four different public institutions in Malawi which each offer support services to small farmers to improve their agricultural practice and other economic activities.

Other countries In 1995, Flanders and Chile signed a cooperation treaty. Within the general Flemish foreign policy, Chile is the only Latin-American partner with whom Flanders enjoys structural cooperation in several domains. In 2010, a number of projects were supported in Chile which were aimed at economic development and rural tourism. The Department of Education and Training and the Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs supported nursery and primary education in the inland areas of Suriname, among other things through nucleus centres.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

4.1

South Africa

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency (FICA)

Empowerment for Food Security Programme 2005-2009 Recipient Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs (DAEA) Country South Africa Subsidy € 4,500,000 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 1,500,000 The objective of this project is to improve the living conditions of poor households by increasing food security in four Kwazulu-Natal districts. Efforts are aimed at increasing agricultural production, improving access to food (by improving market access as well as by promoting alternative means of income generation, which enables people to buy food) and at improving food intake (related to nutrition intake and quality of daily diet). The programme is implemented by local municipalities. In this way it is tried to implement the results of the programme directly on the household level. Agribusiness Development Academy Programme Recipient Limpopo Department Of Agriculture Country South Africa Subsidy € 1,500,000 Commitment year 2006 Payment in 2010 € 750,000 The project is aimed at improving the living conditions in rural areas of Limpopo Province. During the various stages of the market chain for agricultural products, new farmers and entrepreneurs record better results. This is facilitated by investing in agribusiness management, developing rural tourism, improving the services provided, supporting agricultural associations and creating a learning culture through knowledge management. Creating Employment through the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Recipient International Labour Organisation (ILO) Country South Africa Subsidy € 4,500,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 250,000 In general, ILO aims to create decent and green job opportunities for socially disadvantaged groups in Free State Province. Four objectives are aimed at: 1. To nurture a strong culture of entrepreneurship among young people in Free State Province, with specific focus on women and disabled people. 2. To create a stimulating policy and regulatory framework for the establishment and operation of SMEs in Free State Province. 3. To enhance the capacity of local organisations to provide sector-specific business development services (BDS), oriented towards SMEs. 4. To stimulate the understanding of BDS among starting young entrepreneurs and their employees.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Education and Training Department of Education and Training

Early Childhood Development in the Free State Recipient Free State Department of Education Country South Africa Subsidy € 425,947 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 85,189 This is a follow-up project of the initial phase (2004-2008) aimed at improving the training quality and health development in 100 community schools in the Free State. The second phase, the implementation phase, includes content-wise and scientific deepening of several topics. The focus is mainly on implementing the new curriculum among large groups of practitioners and on disseminating the acquired knowledge and experiences and making them more sustainable. Support for FS Foundation Phase Learners with Barriers to Language Learning Recipient The Culture of Learning Association Country South Africa Subsidy € 138,834 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 13,883 This project ties in with the Language-of-Learning-and-Teaching project. More than the LoLT project, however, it emphasises effective teaching of languages for children with learning difficulties and offers a relevant specialised support programme. Educational Support to Develop Environmental Management in Primary Schools in South Africa Vrije Universiteit Brussel - Human Ecology Department Recipient Country South Africa Subsidy € 149,956 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 67,480 The project aims to introduce an environmental management system in 60 primary schools in North Gauteng, Limpopo and Free State. It is a follow-up project of two earlier projects, subsidised by the Department of Environment, Nature and Energy. Academic Literacy Support Project Recipient The Culture of Learning Association Country South Africa Subsidy € 353,207 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 194,264 This project is aimed at high quality education with focus on language and mathematics in a multilingual context. Intervention strategies will be developed to promote literacy and numeracy; teachers and pupils will be supported for the development of academic literacy in languages and mathematics, etc. Foundation Phase Development Project: Literacy, Numeracy, Life Skills in Kwazulu-Natal Recipient The Culture of Learning Association Country South Africa Subsidy € 350,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 87,500 This project is aimed at high quality education with focus on the training of teachers and school heads in terms of literacy, numeracy and life skills. This is to be achieved through a lead educator component and a ward expansion component.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs

SAPLATO 2: Sharing SMME Development Experience Recipient South African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism Country South Africa and Mozambique Subsidy € 99,375 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 90,000 SAPLATO aims at sustainable economic capacity building and development of South African SMEs. Through the exchange of Flanders’ experience in developing SMEs and the PLATO membership concept the economic capacity is enhanced. At the end of the project, after 24 months, the participating companies must be better off than at the start of the project. The participating entrepreneur must feel supported in the management of his/her company. The follow-up project developed by Voka - Antwerp Chamber of Commerce and Industry can count on substantial South African co-funding (67% of the total cost). This programme is part of the cooperation programme between South Africa and Flanders.

Policy area Entity

Economy, Sciences and Innovation Economy Agency

Entrepreneurship Training for Prospective Entrepreneurs in Kwazulu-Natal Department of Education of KwaZulu-Natal Province, Umgungundlovu FET Recipient College and KZN FET College, Syntra Midden-Vlaanderen npo Country South Africa Subsidy € 105,000 Commitment year 2006 Payment in 2010 € 21,000 The aim of this project is to translate the Flemish model for entrepreneurial training to the South African situation. This is organised by Syntra Midden-Vlaanderen npo and the Department of Education of KwaZulu-Natal Province, Umgungundlovu FET College and KZN FET College. Institutional and structural: The project develops a structure within which contemporary training can be organised in the existing institutions of the Department of Education of KwaZulu-Natal. Educational programmes and syllabuses are provided for two types of training: the train-the-trainer course and the entrepreneurial training. The project creates the educational environment and offers possibilities to train future entrepreneurs in Kwazulu-Natal. As a result of the integration within existing institutional frameworks the results will be present for the long term. Ntataise Project - Hand Holding of SMMEs in South Africa Recipient Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA), Unizo Internationaal npo Country South Africa Subsidy € 238,517 Commitment year 2006 Payment in 2010 € 42,388 This project entails the transfer of know-how from UNIZO to the SEDA network through the introduction, implementation and dissemination of Flemish expertise with the following goal: 1/ Capacity building of the SEDA network so that it can count on qualified people in charge of implementation and a technical staff that is capable of responding to economic developments (specifically targeting small enterprises). 2/ Promotion of entrepreneurship in South Africa, through the implementation of pilot projects for the creation of business-oriented support services for SMEs. 3/ Creation of bilateral contacts concerning SM(M)E support.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Culture, Youth, Sport and Media Agency for Arts and Heritage Fostering Community Centres: Bathsa-Youth

Dunia Globe npo Recipient Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 8,000 The band ‘Internationals’ falls under this non-profit organisation. They sought to start a new chapter based on the experience they gained and contacts they made during their successful tour of South Africa. They are now setting up a project on murga, a type of fanfare involving music, dance and words. In this way they hope to stimulate positive ‘neighbourhood feelings’. Poppunt Recipient Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 8,000 This project focuses on the intermediaries of the South African music field. The aim is to increase the capacity of local musicians through a type of low threshold ‘train-the-trainer’ courses and through distribution of a publication in the community centres. Other aims are to improve the music recording facilities and to organise workshops for DJs and other musicians. FARO Recipient Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 8,000 FARO aims to develop an interactive game involving intangible heritage, based on the results of the UNESCO Convention. The game seeks not only to establish an oral history of Apartheid, but also to promote capacity development in the sector and to stimulate intergenerational contact. The outcome of the workshops should then provide the basis for a participatory theatre performance. Archidee npo Recipient Subsidy € 65,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 13,000 This organisation has a long history in South Africa and has very close links with one of the selected community centres. Above all, the project seeks to develop locally oriented dance theatre in the community centres.

Policy area Entity

Culture, Youth, Sport and Media Agency for Socio-Cultural Work for Youth and Adults Fostering Community Centres: Bathsa-Youth

Danspunt Recipient Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 8,000 Analogous with its intercultural activities for amateur dancers in Flanders, Danspunt aims to provide support for local dancers in South Africa, focusing mainly on ‘urban dance’. It also aims to set up opportunities for exchange with Flemish dancers and companies and to work towards giving a performance. Crossroads npo Recipient Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 8,000 This organisation supports the activities of the Flemish-South African ‘Zuiderwind’ music project. The community centres seek to offer greater logistic support in order to create opportunities for local singing talent. There are also apprenticeships for singers. The main idea is to provide technical training for more professional accompaniment during musical performances, mainly for girls now belonging to the ‘positively discriminated’ in South Africa. VLAMO (Flemish Amateur Musicians Organisation) Recipient Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 8,000 In cooperation with the National Field Band Foundation, VLAMO works to set up local field bands for young people. VLAMO’s main contribution is to provide expertise to trainers. The field bands are a vehicle for developing ‘life skills’ and discussing subjects such as AIDS.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Culture, Youth, Sport and Media Department of Culture, Youth, Sport and Media Fostering Community Centres: Bathsa-Youth

Flemish Institute for Sports Management and Recreation Policy npo (Neighbourhood Sports) Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 8,000 BuurtSport (Neighbourhood Sports) is a Flemish campaign implemented by the Flemish Institute for Sports Management and Recreation Policy and falls under the authority of the Flemish Minister for Culture, Youth and Sport. BuurtSport has developed a project with the promotion of exercise and sports as focal point. A number of possible initiatives have been proposed and these will be further developed in consultation with the community centres and in light of local needs. The goal is to set up a programme enabling the local population to independently set up sports programmes from premises provided by the sports equipment lending service. This service can be linked to an existing initiative. National Youth Commission Recipient Subsidy € 58,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 58,000 In the last year of the Bathsa youth programme the NYDA was assigned the task of organising a closing conference. In addition, the project coordinator was given an additional duty in the light of the completion and evaluation of the programme as a whole. National Youth Commission Recipient Subsidy € 114,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 91,200 For the duration of the Community Centres project, the Government of Flanders provides the NYDA (formerly called NYC) with an annual subsidy to manage cooperation, the annual activities of the four centres, and the capacity development courses. The NYDA (NYC) will appoint a Flemish project coordinator to carry out these duties. 4 South African Community Centres Recipient Subsidy € 440,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 242,000 The Government of Flanders seeks to develop local cultural and youth policy in South Africa by ‘adopting’ four local community centres. The project mainly targets young people. Activities will be set up, both with and for these young people, in the fields of arts, heritage, socio-cultural activities and sports. The core idea of this project is that the local community centres will build the capacities needed to develop and carry out their activities. The aim is that by the end of the project, the four selected centres will serve as examples of integrated and successful community centres. Moreover, the trainees can function as multipliers, as it were, in promoting capacity development among the players involved in the community centres. The actors involved in local youth policy can be informed and made aware through the activities at the community centres and the capacity development course. The selected centres should also function as a link in local cultural and youth policy, and thus, the competencies and involvement of the local actors can be increased. Recipient

Policy area Entity

Spatial Planning, Housing Policy and Immovable Heritage Department of Spatial Planning, Housing Policy and Immovable Heritage

Delivery of Social Housing Units for Low Income Earners in the eThekwini Metropolitan Council Recipient Social Housing Company Country South Africa Subsidy € 487,400 Commitment year 2002 Payment in 2010 € 48,740 The project provides housing to South Africans who are not entitled to a mortgage loan. SOHCO has purchased two wastelands in the community of eThekweni to carry out its social housing projects. Together, these centrally located sites will house 487 flats in two-, three-, or four-storey buildings. SOHCO also purchased a building for office and residential purposes in the neighbourhood of the Albert Park in Durban, which will contain 142 flats. These three locations together have thus generated more than 500 residential units.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

4.2

Mozambique

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency

Contribution to PROSAUDE for the Implementation of the 2010 Health Plan Recipient Ministerio Da Saude Country Mozambique Subsidy € 2,000,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 2,000,000 Contribution to the joint fund for support of the health sector, in the framework of the Sector Wide Approach (SWAp) for the implementation of the Socio-Economic Plan, Health Sector, 2010, of the Mozambique Government. The plan stipulates a number of priorities for the health sector: 1) environmental factors, 2) local participation, 3) capacity building, 4) management and 5) support to health infrastructure. Integrated Network for Combating HIV/AIDS/STDs in Tete Province Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde Antwerpen/ITG (Institute of Tropical Recipient Medicine Antwerp) Subsidy € 1,353,551 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 410,663 Internationaal Centrum voor Reproductieve Gezondheid (ICRH/UGent) Recipient (International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH/University of Ghent) Subsidy € 1,356,600 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 325,955 The general goal of the project is to improve the capacity of the Provincial Health Care Services in Tete Province (DPS Tete) with respect to high quality treatment for HIV/AIDS/STDs. The ‘integrated network’ model for HIV/AIDS-related services, described in the HIV/AIDS/STD (20042009) strategic plan for the health sector remains in place, but has been reinterpreted. The emphasis has now shifted towards the inclusion of HIV/AIDS services in the general health services. In December 2006, Tete Province started decentralising its antiretroviral therapy treatment services to all districts. The aim of the project is to transfer the entirety of the HIV/AIDS/STD services to the Tete provincial hospital by the end of the project (was not achieved). Activities geared towards preventing vertical transmission will be intensified and decentralised to enable them to reach the whole of the province. The provincial hospital will keep its status as a reference hospital. Support for the Human Resources for Health Programme of WHO Mozambique Recipient World Health Organisation (WHO) Country Mozambique Subsidy € 587,600 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 293,800 The WHO aims to support the Ministry of Health to extend the number of health personnel in order to be able to provide better health services and to achieve the health-related Millennium Development Goals. Aquaculture Pilot Project in Mozambique Universiteit Gent - Laboratorium Voor Aquacultuur En Artemia Reference Centre Recipient (University of Ghent – Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Centre) Country Mozambique Subsidy € 98,005 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 50,000 The general goal of the aquaculture project in Mozambique is to transfer essential scientific and technical know-how, that is necessary to develop the country’s aquaculture sector, to the Mozambican partner.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Tackling the Growing Feminisation of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Mozambique Recipient Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Country Mozambique Subsidy € 815,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010

€ 160,000

Combating the increasing feminisation of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the specific vulnerability of HIVinfected women and young girls. By means of the present project UNAIDS seeks to adjust a multisectoral National Action Plan on Women and AIDS in cooperation with the Mozambique government and with the support of a number of UN actors. This action plan will set out a strategy for reducing the vulnerability of women and girls to the epidemic. Each UN agency will develop and implement one aspect of this strategy within its specific domain and in cooperation with the government and local actors. Attention will be paid to collecting and analysing gender-specific information in order to be able to assess the evolution of the epidemic. Subsequently, the development of a national media campaign and the reinforcement of non-governmental organisations working around women and HIV/AIDS will be presented.

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs

Maputo Community Based Tourism Recipient International Trade Centre (ITC) Country Mozambique Subsidy € 150,000 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 120,000 The Mozambique National Institute of Tourism (INATUR) and the Ministry of Tourism engage in capacity building by providing training to tourism officers in the ten provinces. This should make it possible to map out the Mozambican tourist facilities. Building on the realisation of a modern curriculum in the tourist sector, INATUR staff are trained to provide training themselves to the staff of their local divisions. INATUR is also reinforced to provide assistance to travel guides, to develop travels and to respond to international markets by providing product development and marketing strategy training and by linking tourist websites to travel guides in Mozambique.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

4.3

Malawi

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency

Contribution to the SWAp in the Malawi Health Sector Recipient Malawi Ministry Of Health Country Malawi € 2,000,000 2009 € 1,000,000 Commitment Payment in Subsidy year 2010 € 2,000,000 2009 € 1,000,000 The aim is to offer all Malawians a basic health care package. This entails a minimum service which is offered free of charge to the entire population. Since 2004, the Programme of Work (PoW) is being carried out at national and district level together with donors. The PoW comprises the following pillars: -Development of human capital in the sector -Medicines and medical requirements -Essential/basic health facilities -Infrastructure -Routine work at service level -Central activities including policy and system development. Development of Materials for the Provision of Agricultural Information through Institutional Capacity Building Recipient Department Of Agricultural Extension Services Country Malawi Subsidy € 2,000,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 1,173,212 With this project Flanders intends to contribute to creating a whole set of improved information services for small farmers. The project will mainly focus on improving access to agricultural information for farmers in Malawi. In order to achieve this objective, the programme will promote the development of materials within the Department for Agricultural Information Providers. This should lead to an improved food production among farmers as well as better living conditions. This project places central focus on the development of information materials. It was decided to invest in methodologies and materials that can reach the largest number of farmers, including farmers living in remote areas.

Basic Health Care and Capacity Building in Kasungu, Malawi Recipient Rode Kruis - Vlaanderen Internationaal npo (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders) Country Malawi Subsidy € 500,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 205,000 With this project Flanders aims to help improve basic health care for 7,000 families in Kasungu by the end of 2012. The activities can be reduced to the following result areas: 1. Improving sustainable drinking water, sanitation and hygiene. 2. Reducing vulnerability to HIV and AIDS. 3. Reducing the malaria mortality rate. 4. Reducing mother and child mortality rates. 5. Building the capacity of first aid providers (volunteers) and Red Cross personnel. 5. Building the general capacity of the Malawi Red Cross Society.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Contribution to an Improved Food Security and Nutritional Status in Malawi Recipient United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Country Malawi Subsidy € 4,100,000 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 1,010,000 The objective is to improve food security in two Malawi districts (Kasungu and Mzimba) and to streamline the policy plans so as to have a better impact on the nutritional status in Malawi. By the end of the third year the capacity of the project implementing organisations should be sufficient so as to be able to offer an integrated set of services for improving food and nutrition security throughout the district. To this end technical assistance is provided to the Malawi government and the development partners to increasingly focus the policy regarding food security and agriculture as well as the programmes on improving nutrition security. Capacity Development at Community and National Level to Tackle the Vulnerability of Young Women and Girls to HIV Infection Recipient Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Country Malawi Subsidy € 2,000,000 Commitment year 2006 Payment in 2010 € 250,000 UNAIDS will contribute to the realisation of a national action plan for women and young adults with regard to HIV/AIDS. The plan is aimed at making women and girls less vulnerable to HIV infection and giving them better access to health care facilities and socio-economic services, among other things. Support to Agricultural Extension Training and Services Recipient Small Scale Livestock Promotion Programme Subsidy € 694,906 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 278,000 Recipient Natural Resources College Subsidy € 695,700 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 278,280 Recipient Department Of Animal Health And Livestock Development Subsidy € 989,200 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 395,680 Recipient Department Of Agricultural Extension Services Subsidy € 752,990 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 301,196 The general objective is to support the extension services to farmers so that their activities are improved, i.e., farming itself as well as the small economic activities that they carry out. That is why the competencies of extension workers are improved. To this end the capacity of the three agricultural schools, the two departments involved, namely the Extension Department and the Department of Animal Health and Livestock, and an NGO which already has good experience in this area, will first be increased. Moreover, the training materials for the extension workers in schools and in training institutes for farmers will be upgraded. Then these institutes will once again be capable of offering farmers a more holistic package of extension services. Key figures in the farmers’ community will be equipped with the necessary material as well as farmer technicians, so that they can ensure the knowledge transfer to farmers within a given community. Thanks to this transferred knowledge these farmers will be able to achieve higher food production and improve their living conditions. Each actor will make his specific contribution to the success of this programme. Feasibility Study: Developing Early Warning Systems/Satellite Data/Instruments as regards Impact on Land Use Vlaamse instelling voor technologisch onderzoek/VITO (Flemish Institute for Recipient Technological Research) Country Malawi Subsidy € 57,106 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 17,131 This study aims to gain a better insight into the spatial dynamic aspects of agriculture in Malawi in order to improve the information that is available for future and current agriculture-related interventions.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Support of HIV/AIDS Diagnostics in the Dream Centres in Malawi Recipient Viva Africa npo Country Malawi Subsidy € 146,775 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 44,030 The aim is to improve the diagnostics for following up the HIV/AIDS infection. 7,500 analyses for CD 4 determination and 7,500 analyses for the determination of the viral load are realised. Improving the Practical Training Facilities at the Natural Resources College Recipient Natural Resources College Country Malawi Subsidy € 90,189 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 18,037 Contributing to the development of the livestock sector in Malawi through better training, by refurbishing the laboratories and the animal clinic. Reinforcing the Dairy Sector for Small Farmers in Malawi Recipient Malawi Milk Producers Association Country Malawi Subsidy € 500,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 150,000 Through this project Flanders aims to strengthen the dairy sector in the centre and the north of Malawi. The project will work on the following four result areas for four years: 1. Capacity building and training of the farmers and the milk collection groups. New and existing farmers will be trained in marketing, hygiene and quality control. 2. Reinforcing the capacity of local associations, among other things through management training. 3. Improving the provision of technical services with regard to information about animal welfare, nutrition, artificial insemination, barn construction, etc. 4. Increasing the number of cattle by providing all kinds of courses and by fine-tuning registration systems. Increasing the Incomes of Small Coffee Farmers through Sustainable Coffee Production Systems Recipient Mzuzu Coffee Planters Cooperative Union Limited Country Malawi Subsidy € 500,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 200,000 This project proposal aims to improve the living conditions of small coffee farmers by diversifying their incomes. In very specific terms, this project intends to have improved the living conditions of 3,000 coffee farmers (2,600 existing farmers and 400 new farmers) by the end of the third year. This should reveal itself in higher incomes, improved housing conditions and social achievements.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

4.4

Other countries

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs

The Development of Ethno and Rural Tourism in Chol Chol and Lumaco in Chile’s Ninth Region Recipient Universidad de la Frontera (UFRO) Country Chile Subsidy € 145,000 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 138,000 This project aims to develop ethno and rural tourism in the municipalities of Lumaco and Chol Chol in a sustainable manner. The project is very clearly aimed at cooperation between the private sector and the (local) government. Gestiona Consulores Ltda: Integrated Programme for Support to the Entrepreneurial Skills of Small Micro Entrepreneurs of Mapuche Origin in the Ninth Region (Araucanía) Recipient Gestiona Country Chile Subsidy € 106,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 75,000 The economic support programme was one of the results of the Social Responsibility and Sustainability Plan in the Araucanía Region which was developed in the course of 2008 and involved over 450 key actors from the region. A set of priorities was selected from this plan which are of decisive importance for the ‘Regional Strategy for Development 2010-2020’. The project will imply the drafting of a work plan which will include all priority actions to be taken within 6 projects regarding entrepreneurial initiatives. The formulation of an Integrated Development Plan is also of paramount importance for these programmes. The distinct productive projects with micro entrepreneurs will be supported by projects that will reinforce and improve the organisational capacity of the communities. Rüpü Pewen - El sendero de las Araucarias Recipient Universidad de la Frontera (UFRO) Country Chile Subsidy € 145,000 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 63,000 The starting point of this project is the development of rural ecotourism with maximum participation of the communities, both Mapuche and non-Mapuche, in the municipalities of Lonquimay and Curacautín and with respect for Pewenche culture. Up until now the development of rural tourism in the Ninth Region has barely taken into account the cultural individuality of the Pewenche. The ‘Rüpü Pewen – El sendero de las Araucarias’ (the route of the Araucaria trees) project uses this cultural individuality as its starting point. This project has three main objectives: 1. The elaboration of a development model of cultural and ‘community’ tourism by Pewenche entrepreneurs in the Andes Zone of the Araucanía Region. 2. To offer and to develop an economically complementary alternative which reactivates the productivity of urban and rural communities and promotes quality of life. 3. The third main objective is to set up a model that can be ratified for other areas with the option of arriving at integration in the medium and long term.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Improving Access to Quality Education in the Maroni River Basin in East Suriname Recipient UNICEF (Belgian Committee) Country Suriname Subsidy € 130,000 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 110,000 The project aims to considerably improve the access and quality of educational facilities in inland areas, and more specifically in the Maroni River Basin. In addition, this project has two other important objectives: 1. To enhance the technical skills of service providers as well as the knowledge and understanding of local communities with regard to the positive impact of educational opportunities on their quality of life. In practice this implies training and educating teachers, school administrations, parents and teacher trainers in order to achieve a better quality of education. Efforts will also be made to adjust classes and teachers’ rooms as well as to create a child-friendly school environment. 2. To enhance social cohesion at the local level through active participation of and cooperation between the different service providers of the various social services and members of the local communities. Capacity Development for Better Education in Inland Areas of Suriname Vlaamse Vereniging voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking en Technische Bijstand/VVOB Recipient (Flemish Association for Development Cooperation and Technical Assistance) Country Suriname Subsidy € 123,901 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 40,000 PROGRESS is a partnership between the Ministry of Education and Adult Education (MINOV) and the Flemish Association for Development Cooperation and Technical Assistance (VVOB). PROGRESS stands for ‘Programma Effectievere Scholen Suriname’ (programme for more effective schools in Suriname). The programme aims to improve nursery and primary education in inland areas, among other things through nucleus centres. Two nucleus centres have been delivered as pilot project. The idea is for these nucleus centres to act as powerful knowledge and training institutes for formal and non-formal education.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

5. Multilateral cooperation The Framework Flemish Parliament Act on Development Cooperation defines multilateral cooperation as forms of cooperation whereby the Government of Flanders funds or co-funds activities within the framework of the development policy of a multilateral organisation. These are intergovernmental organisations, including European institutions and international organisations for regional cooperation of countries in the South. Flanders has developed structural relations with a number of international organisations, such as the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the World Health Organisation (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), UNESCO, and the Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Contributions to these UN institutions are largely earmarked for Southern Africa, i.e., the Member States of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) or the Flemish development cooperation partner countries. Multilateral institutions that were called on in 2010 to implement the bilateral development policy in the partner countries have been included in the previous chapter.

UN World Food Programme (WFP) Since the 2008 food crisis, Flanders has been making an annual contribution of EUR 1,000,000 to the WFP. As of 2009, this contribution has been earmarked on the Southern Africa region in view of the geographical concentration within the regional policy on food security.

World Health Organisation (WHO) The Government of Flanders is involved in the WHO’s activities in several ways. Each year, delegates participate in the institutional meetings of the organisation. Flemish health care objectives are based on the WHO ‘Health for All’ strategy. The Government of Flanders has supported the technical cooperation of the WHO since 2001. On 9 April 2008, a cooperation agreement was signed with the organisation to provide a structural policy framework for the cooperation. It entered into force on 1 August 2008.

UNESCO On 6 March 1998, the Government of Flanders and UNESCO signed a cooperation agreement that forms the basis of Flemish financial support to research projects. These projects are set in the framework of the publicly determined UNESCO research strategy. Flanders can introduce its own (international) expertise in this cooperation. In 1999, in implementation of this agreement, the Flanders-UNESCO Science Trust Fund (FUST) was set up to further UNESCO's activities in the field of science. In addition, the general Flanders-UNESCO Trust Fund is supported as well. Contributions from this fund occur in consultation with the Government of Flanders. The Government of Flanders also funds accommodation and support of the International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) Project Office of UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC).

UNICEF (Belgian Committee) The cooperation between the international organisation UNICEF and Flanders is mainly directed at financial project support. Apart from the emergency relief provided through UNICEF, the support of the Department of Education and Training also deserves to be mentioned. At the end of 2007, UNICEF (Belgian Committee) and the then Minister of Education signed a declaration of intent with respect to structural cooperation for the period 2008-2011. This includes a subsidy from the Flemish Minister of Education to three education projects in Malawi, Mozambique and India for an annual amount of about EUR 2.5 million. The projects aim to reform all primary schools in the target regions into ‘child-friendly’ schools. These ‘child-friendly’ schools should be the result of a quality impulse at several levels: the

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

government, the school environment (materials and infrastructure) and the teachers. A childfriendly school aims to create a healthy, physically and emotionally safe, and psychologically stimulating environment for every child, with a focus on girls and vulnerable children. The children are given an explicit say in the implementation of the projects: participation of children - even the youngest â€“ is an important element in the UNICEF strategy.

Other In 2010, there were also some smaller payments to the OECD and core contributions to international treaties and institutions such as e.g. the International Seed Testing Organisation (ISTA) and the Montreal Protocol. No resources from the ILO/Flanders Trust Fund have been transferred to projects in 2010.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency

Response to High Food Prices Recipient UN World Food Programme (WFP) Subsidy € 1,000,000 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 100,000 Responding to the world food crisis through structural and specific interventions aimed at vulnerable population groups. Improving the Quality of First Aid in Southern Africa by Introducing African First Aid Materials Recipient Belgian Red Cross-Flanders Country Malawi and Mozambique Subsidy € 498,764 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 125,000 The aim of this project is to test and to introduce an African First Aid Manual, by analogy with the European First Aid Manual (EFAM), in two Flemish partner countries. The guidelines were developed together with a dozen African experts. At this stage the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders intends to add an evidence-based prevention component to the developed guidelines through a test phase. The general objective is to make both individual citizens and communities in Southern Africa more resilient against the dangers they are exposed to each day, such as accidents, disasters, epidemics and infectious diseases, and to reduce the number of fatal casualties by giving first aid until the proper medical aid can be administered. Community Agroforestry Tree Seeds Banks (CATS Banks): Building Agroforestry Scaling up Platform for Diversifying Liveli Recipient World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Country Malawi and Mozambique Subsidy € 319,710 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 127,884 The aim of this project is to improve the general living conditions of a number of local communities in Malawi and Mozambique. The project will promote this by teaching these communities a number of agroforestry applications so that these can be integrated into the common agricultural systems. Furthermore, the project will commit to the organisation of the CATS bank system, with the aim of improving the supply and distribution of germ plasma for trees. In this way the project hopes to remedy the shortage of tree seeds for agroforestry. The long-term effects of this project are of agro-ecological as well as socio-economic nature. They will result among other things in improved food security, biodiversity, protection against erosion, a more efficient use of natural resources and soil nutrients, the promotion of crop diversification and income generated from agriculture. WASH: Improving Access to Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Malawi Recipient UNICEF (Belgian Committee) Country Malawi Subsidy € 2,000,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 800,000 The following specific objectives are pursued: - To facilitate access to safe water for the poorest and remotest communities within a walking distance of 500m and/or in schools within a 200m radius. - To increase access for schools and communities to sanitation facilities, including hand-wash facilities. - To increase the capacity of local authorities and civil organisations to efficiently and effectively plan, implement, monitor and evaluate integrated water, sanitation and hygiene interventions. - To promote hygiene at the household, community and school level using participatory methods and mass communication.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Purchase for Progress (P4P) - Mozambique Recipient UN World Food Programme (WFP) Country Mozambique Subsidy € 980,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 784,000 The WFP will enhance the capacity of small farmers to gain access to the market, in order to increase their income and food security. By increasing the sales volume of good quality maize and beans it seeks to effect a higher net income of small farmers. The provision of silos, joint warehouses and basic equipment packages plays an important role in bridging food-insecure periods.

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs

Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control: A Guide for Essential Practice Recipient World Health Organisation (WHO) Country Six African countries Subsidy € 84,224 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 84,224 In 2003 and 2004 the Government of Flanders contributed to a publication regarding cervical cancer. Meanwhile, the publication has been distributed worldwide in 6 WHO working languages. It turns out to be very successful as a reference document for health workers in the field as well as a component of national programmes for the prevention, detection and treatment of cervical cancer in various countries. This subsidy is used to support the first project phase for updating the publication. Budget Support to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East Recipient (UNRWA) Country Palestinian Territories Subsidy € 500,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 150,000 UNRWA is a UN Agency that focuses mainly on offering humanitarian assistance to Palestinian refugees in the Middle East, and providing food, shelter and clothing as well as education, health care, employment and other services. OCDE Investment Compact Programme Recipient Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Country Palestinian Territories Subsidy € 100,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 10,000 The vision of the Investment Compact Programme is that the restoration of peace, stability and prosperity in South-East Europe is only feasible if the economic, institutional and administrative organisation of the states inspires the general confidence that decisions are taken in accordance with rules and regulations and that the decision-making process is transparent and controllable. The ICP aims at a solid foundation of sustainable growth and development in that area. The ICP is based on the understanding that foreign and national investments are the foundation of a successful restoration and growth policy. This implies that the countries must attract investments by means of a diversified economic approach.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Education and Training Department of Education and Training

Child Friendly Schools for Africa (Mozambique) Recipient UNICEF (Belgian Committee) Country Mozambique € 534,695 2009 € 53,470 Commitment Payment in Subsidy year 2010 € 645,006 2010 € 508,505 The objective of this project is to turn all primary schools in Changara (about 100) into ‘Child-Friendly Schools’. All schools must have adequate basic infrastructure to provide quality education to all children from the district (about 45,000 children), including orphans and other vulnerable children. To achieve this goal, the schools will receive a ‘minimum quality package’, containing components such as training in child-oriented teaching, renovation of damaged classrooms, development of separate sanitary facilities for boys and girls, a focus on learning life skills, social mobilisation to promote education for girls and HIV prevention and the health screening of children at schools. The Changara communities are actively involved in school management. Child Friendly Schools in Malawi Recipient UNICEF (Belgian Committee) Country Malawi € 568,034 2009 € 56,803 Commitment Payment in Subsidy year 2010 € 554,520 € 499,068 The many educational needs in Malawi will be alleviated by interventions in the districts of Mwanza, Neno, Blanytre Rural, Dedza, Kasungu, Nsanje and Thyolo. The capacity of 150 schools will be reinforced to enable children, and girls in particular, to enrol in and finish primary school. Also, a child-friendly learning environment will be created in 20 schools by providing educational materials for pupils and teachers, classrooms, school desks, latrines and water wells. In addition, the ‘ChildFriendly Schools’ model will be institutionalised in all primary schools in Malawi. Quality Elementary Education through Social Inclusion in Orissa (India) Recipient UNICEF (Belgian Committee) Country India € 1,470,127 2009 € 147,013 Commitment Payment in Subsidy year 2010 € 1,176,775 2010 € 1,059,047 This project links up with the smaller project in Koraput, but its set-up is much broader. The activities in the scope of this project target 3 dimensions: creating communal awareness about the importance of education for indigenous girls, social inclusion (better access to high quality education for all), capacity building in federated entities and districts in terms of planning and monitoring of initiatives regarding education for girls.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Economy, Science and Innovation Department of Economy, Science and Innovation

Ocean Teacher Academy: A Human Capacity Development Framework for IOC/IODE Ocean Data and Information Networks Recipient United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Subsidy € 1,105,874 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 294,450 The objective of OTA is to start up a central facility which will provide training programmes regarding oceanographic data and information management and the related development of products and services and to contribute in this way to the sustainable management of oceans and coastal areas in Africa and other regions. UNESCO-IODE Project Office - Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee Recipient Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee/VLIZ (Flanders Marine Institute) Subsidy € 600,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 600,000 A subsidy to Flanders Marine Institute for accommodation and support of the International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) Project Office of UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). The IOC, formed in 1960, is the most important body in the United Nations to concentrate on the study of the seas and oceans. There are currently 130 member countries of the IOC, including Belgium. The IOC aims to promote international cooperation and coordinate programmes in the field of oceanographic and marine scientific research. Through its activities, the IOC aims to increase understanding of the marine system and to use this to improve the management, sustainable development and protection of the marine environment. The Flanders Marine Institute and the Beheerseenheid voor het Mathematisch Model van de Noordzee/BMM (Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Models) are the regional and national data centres, respectively, in the IODE programme. Integrated Data and Information Products and Services Recipient United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Country Algeria Subsidy € 2,545,722 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 803,052 The general objective is to promote the sustainable management of natural resources in marine and coastal areas, as well as to reduce the risk of ocean-related dangers, based on accurate scientific knowledge. This will be achieved by strengthening the pan-African network of the National Oceanographic Data Centres (NODCs), and related marine institutions, as sustainable mechanism for the application of data, information and products in marine and coastal management in Africa. Subsidy to the United Nations University (UNU) within the Framework of the Comparative Regional Integration Studies Programme Recipient United Nations University (UNU-CRIS) Subsidy € 967,000 Commitment year Payment in 2010 € 967,000 Since the operating year 2001, the United Nations University (UNU) has received an annual subsidy from the Flemish Community to carry out the ‘Comparative Regional Integration Studies’ (CRIS) training and research programme. The conditions for awarding this subsidy in the 2005-2009 operating period are laid down in the fourth Memorandum of Understanding of 6 July 2005 between the Government of Flanders, the United Nations University and the College of Europe.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Flanders-UNESCO Science Trust Fund (FUST) Each year, the Government of Flanders provides a contribution to the Flanders-UNESCO Science Trust Fund. This fund supports projects that have been approved in consultation with the Government of Flanders. Pursuant to Article 2, §6 of the 2004-2009 cooperation agreement between the Government of Flanders and UNESCO, all of these projects fall within the action radius of UNESCO’s specific Sciences, Environment and Sustainable Development programme. These projects are registered on the basis of actual transfers from the fund. The conversion from dollars to euros is done in accordance with the exchange rates that have been agreed within OECD-DAC. Caribbean Marine Atlas Countries Caribbean Payment € 103,813 The Caribbean is under growing pressure from a combination of anthropogenic and natural threats. A major obstacle to the efficient and integrated management of these areas has always been the limited availability of data and information as well as of proper data and information resources. The general objective is to promote sustainable coastal and marine management as well as to reduce the risks of ocean-related dangers on the basis of accurate scientific knowledge. The Caribbean Marine Atlas (CMA) project will focus on identifying the available georeferenced data sets, and on collecting and organising them in an atlas of environmental themes for the Caribbean, with the support of the IODE and ICAM programmes of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). The Atlas will be developed as an interactive instrument for supporting a sustainable and integrated management of coastal and marine areas in the Caribbean. Southeast Pacific Data and Information Network in Support to Integrated Coastal Area Management - SPINCAM Countries Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama and Peru Payment € 166,931 The general objectives of the project are: 1. To support the development and to increase the effectiveness of integrated coastal area management (ICAM) through the improvement of data and information management capacity, knowledge, communication and networking at national and regional level; 2. To improve the delivery of information on the status of resources in coastal areas and their management for the use by all stakeholders (ranging from policymakers to the broader community). The development of SPINCAM information systems at regional and national level is complementary to the existing environmental information networks. SPINCAM delivers specific measurable information to end users to monitor the socio-economic impact in the coastal areas as well as the condition of the environment as a result of these human activities in the coastal area. Each of the Member States involved attaches great importance to the elaboration of a common approach and makes a substantial contribution to this end. Sustainable Management of Marginal Drylands - SUMAMAD–II Bolivia, Burkina Faso, China, Egypt, India, I.R. Countries Payment € 244,416 Iran, Jordan, Pakistan, Syria, Tunisia, Uzbekistan The SUMAMAD project promotes research and enhances capacity building in developing countries to fight desertification. Opportunities are looked for to encourage alternative incomegenerating activities – through income diversification, such as ecotourism, productions according to traditional methods, feeds, medicines, diet diversification – so as to decrease the growing pressure on the traditional agriculture in marginal drylands. To this end, SUMAMAD brings together African scientists and scientists from Asia, Arab States, Latin America and Europe to foster the transfer of knowledge regarding the management of drylands.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Environment, Nature and Energy Department of Environment, Nature and Energy

Core contributions to international organisations UNEP UNEP UNEP UNEP UNEP UNEP UNFCCC UNFCCC

Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer Montreal Protocol Convention on Biological Diversity Cartagena Protocol Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Kyoto Protocol

Policy area Entity

Payment in 2010 € 1,396 € 11,527 € 26,571 € 8,718 € 12,863 € 14,385 € 28,640 € 23,583

Agriculture and Fisheries Agency for Agriculture and Fisheries

Core contributions to international organisations International Seed Testing Organisation (ISTA)

Payment in 2010 € 4,932

Improvement of Access to and Availability of Quality Learning Courses on Agroforestry Recipient World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Country Kenya Subsidy € 100,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 36,581 The project’s main objective is to support a series of scientifically-based online introductory classes about agroforestry, with accompanying courses which can be used as a sustainable approach to land use by teachers and trainers interested in promoting agroforestry. The project also provides for an introductory workshop for the national partners in the seven countries involved and the further monitoring thereof.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

6. Indirect cooperation The Framework Flemish Parliament Act on Development Cooperation defines indirect cooperation as forms of cooperation whereby the Government of Flanders funds or co-funds activities within the framework of the development policy of an indirect actor, with the exception of emergency relief and humanitarian aid. These are institutions and organisations such as nongovernmental organisations, universities and scientific institutions, unions, private institutions, and municipal and provincial authorities. The following categories are classified as indirect cooperation.

Municipal development cooperation The Flemish municipal development cooperation covenants started in 2001 as a three-year pilot project. Local authorities were encouraged to develop their own development cooperation policies via annual agreements. In 2004, this policy was formalised by Flemish Parliament Act. Since then, cities and municipalities have been able to conclude three-year covenants. There are two types: on the one hand there is the general covenant, which focuses on local development cooperation policy, and then there is the direct cooperation covenant, which supports a town twinning arrangement with a municipality in the South. The Vereniging van Vlaamse Steden en Gemeenten or VVSG (Association of Flemish Cities and Municipalities) is called on to support, shape and assist in covenants during the elaboration of the development cooperation policy.

Awareness raising and development education The Flemish Government wants to contribute to the creation of a platform for international cooperation and the development of an attitude of international solidarity in the context of a sustainable global society. In 2004, the policy on development education was formalised by Flemish Parliament Act. The Act interprets development education as an activity directed towards developing peopleâ€™s understanding, attitudes and behaviours in order to enable them to help bring about a more unified and sustainable global society. This involves both individual and collective action. Every year, the FICA calls for organisations to submit development education projects. In addition, the FICA stimulates the attention of the media for the South by providing structural support for IPS and Mo* Magazine and presenting the annual North-South press award. In 2008, the Government of Flanders entered into a cooperation agreement with Wereldmediahuis vzw (World Mediahouse npo) and Inter Press Service (IPS). In view of the many common objectives for these two organisations it was decided to enter into a joint cooperation agreement for the implementation of three subsidies.

Trade and development Flanders funds the non-profit organisation Ex-Change, a posting platform for business leaders and other experts who voluntarily and temporarily go to the South to provide consultancy services. There they use management training and guidance to promote a productive enterprise climate. Flanders grants a subsidy to the npo, on the condition that 30% of Ex-Changeâ€™s activities take place in either of the three partner countries. The Vlaams Waarborgfonds (Flemish Guarantee Fund), set up in 2005, supports Flemish development funds that lend money to micro-financing organisations in the South. With the help of small-scale loans, local farmers, market women and young adults are given the opportunity to set up a trade or one-man business. Therefore, micro-financing is a powerful means of generating pro-poor growth. In 2010, it was decided to transfer an extra contribution of EUR 550,000 to the fund, in addition to the annual contribution of EUR 248,000. This can only be recorded as ODA when an actual transfer has been made by the fund. This was the case in 2010 when the guarantee was paid to the micro-finance institution ACME in Haiti.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Vlaams Fonds Tropisch Bos (Flemish Fund for Tropical Forests) In 2002, the Government of Flanders set up a Flemish fund to help conserve the tropical forests. This fund is an example of how Flanders translates some of its international commitments in the area of biodiversity and sustainable forest management into concrete actions. The fund aims to concentrate on forestation and reforestation projects in the context of the Kyoto Protocol, and at the same time, to work harder to ensure that projects of this type make a real contribution towards conserving biodiversity and the social development of the population groups involved. The fund is managed by the Agentschap voor Natuur en Bos (Agency for Nature and Forests) and the Flemish non-profit organisation Groenhart.

Vlaams Partnerschap Water voor Ontwikkeling (Flemish Partnership ‘Water for Development’) The Flemish Partnership ‘Water for Development’ was launched on World Water Day 2004 as a cooperative venture between a number of Flemish NGOs, companies, (educational) institutions and the Government of Flanders. Flanders has committed to the Millennium Development Goal which aims to help halve the number of people who are denied access to pure water, by 2015. The clear and concrete goal of this partnership is to supply a number of people in the Third World equivalent to that of the Flemish population with water and/or sanitation by 2015. The Flemish Minister for Environment and Nature launches an annual call for proposals on water and sanitation projects in the South.

Scientific institutions Science and innovation play an important role in capacity building in developing countries. In its support of scientific cooperation with developing countries, the Government of Flanders has always preferred initiatives linked to the activities of multilateral organisations, such as UNESCO, UNIDO or WHO. In this way, it can achieve maximum impact with a relatively limited budget. In addition to funding the Flanders-UNESCO Science Trust Fund, the Government of Flanders has recently awarded short-term funding to the Plantenbiotechnologie voor Ontwikkelingslanden or IPBO (Institute of Plant Biotechnology for Developing Countries) and the Internationaal Centrum voor Reproductieve Gezondheid or ICRH (International Centre for Reproductive Health). On 6 July 2007, the Government of Flanders approved the 2007-2011 management agreements with the IPBO and ICRH. Structural funding is provided from the Education and Training policy area to finance the activities of the Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp and the Institute of Development Policy and Management.

Scholarships The Government of Flanders annually awards a number of scholarships to enable students from developing countries to attend seminars, courses and programmes in Flanders. Among others the Antwerp/Flanders Port Training Centre (APEC) and the Institute of Transport and Maritime Management Antwerp (ITMMA) play an important role in the transfer of port and transport-related knowledge from Flanders to the South. Scholarship students who follow the course in Flanders receive a visa for the duration of the course. This is a guarantee that the acquired know-how will be used again in the developing country of origin. Flanders also funds the non-profit organisation WES in its organisation of the Sustainable Tourism Destination Management course, which is aimed at professionals from Southern Africa.

Support to NGOs and/or NPOs The Vlaamse Vereniging voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking en Technische Bijstand or VVOB (Flemish Association for Development Cooperation and Technical Assistance) receives structural funding from the Government of Flanders to support its registered office. A number of other Flemish NGOs also receive wage subsidies in the framework of the Flemish Intersectoral Agreement for the Social Profit Sector or DAC & Gesco employment programmes.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

6.1

Municipal development cooperation

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency

Municipality/City

Twinning

Aalst Balen Beringen Bierbeek Bornem Brasschaat Brussels Diepenbeek Dilbeek Edegem Essen Etterbeek Evergem Genk Ghent Harelbeke Hasselt Herent Ypres Izegem Koksijde Kortrijk Leuven

/ / /

Lommel Maaseik Mechelen Merelbeke Middelkerke Mol Ostend Roeselare Sint-Niklaas Sint-Truiden Turnhout Waregem Westerlo Zemst Zoersel

€ 70,500 € 59,250 € 59,250 € 141,000 € 110,150 € 141,000 € 141,000 € 93,000 € 153,300 € 118,500 € 133,500 € 112,000 € 140,800 € 156,000 € 156,000 € 133,500 € 141,000 € 141,000 € 141,000 € 45,800 € 116,800 € 141,000 € 125,000

Payment in 2010 € 19,213 € 9,269 € 6,738 € 36,191 € 43,443 € 34,045 € 44,974 € 22,436 € 43,419 € 34,280 € 37,135 € 22,697 € 45,702 € 46,644 € 50,439 € 37,398 € 47,724 € 42,523 € 37,202 € 15,691 € 42,000 € 42,087 € 19,509

€ 133,500

€ 42,122

€ 59,250 € 141,000 € 85,500 € 101,500 € 117,200 € 138,000 € 86,500 € 91,050 € 118,500 € 121,775 € 141,000 € 70,500 € 135,000 € 86,700

€ 18,750 € 45,492 € 22,000 € 23,077 € 33,778 € 45,000 € 14,080 € 20,566 € 39,390 € 35,845 € 48,693 € 10,700 € 28,560 € 14,500

Commitment

San Felipe de Ona (Ecuador) Nquthu (South Africa) Tarija (Bolivia) Kinshasa (DR Congo) / Stellenbosch (South Africa) San Jeronimo (Peru) Witzenberg (South Africa) Essaouira (Morocco) Guaranda (Ecuador) Francistown (Botswana) Manguang (South Africa) / Outat-Ouad-El-Hadj (Morocco) Sahakok Region (Guatemala) Wa (Ghana) / Albina (Suriname) Cebu City (the Philippines) / Ongwediva (Namibia) and Ciudad Dario (Nicaragua) / Sucre (Bolivia) / / Santo Tomás (Nicaragua) Banjul (Gambia) / Tambacounda (Senegal) Nueva Guinea (Nicaragua) Hanzhong (China) Ngarama (Rwanda) / Sonkone (Senegal) /

Support, Training and Guidance Programme under the Municipal Covenant Policy on Development Cooperation Recipient Association of Flemish Cities and Municipalities (VVSG) € 173,748 2009 € 40,212 Commitment Subsidy Payment in 2010 year € 176,748 2010 € 132,561

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

6.2

Awareness raising and education

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency

Recipient

Title

11.11.11 Vzw Broederlijk Delen Chris De Stoop Djapo Djapo Educatief Theater Antwerpen Globelink Green Groenhart Katholieke Hogeschool Limburg Kidscam Kinderrechtenhuis Max Havelaar Plan België Platform Handicap & Ontwikkelingssamenwerking Protos Scouts En Gidsen Vlaanderen Studio Globo Trias Vormen Vredeseilanden Wereldsolidariteit Wereldwerkplaats Zuiddag Vzw

Commitment

Payment in 2010

€ 137,933

€ 55,173

€ 180,000

€ 72,000

€ 5,000

€ 182,500 € 151,097

€ 18,068 € 60,439

Wapenland

€ 163,525

€ 65,410

Jongerenforum over de klimaatverandering Greenergy Educatief traject voor toekomstige vakwerkers in de houtsector over bos en klimaat in mondiale context

€ 46,925 € 134,209

€ 867 € 53,684

€ 176,897

€ 70,759

€ 81,700

€ 32,680

Met eerlijke handel de wereld rond Jongeren tegen onvaardbare kinderarbeid FairTradeGemeenten 2009-2010 "Geef ons een doel" ("Give us a Goal")

€ 17,288 € 182,495 € 92,779 € 138,874

€ 4,311 € 36,499 € 27,833 € 27,775

Toegankelijke ontwikkelingseducatie voor personen met een sensoriële handicap

€ 170,000

€ 68,287

De Zuid-Noord Klimaatspiegel

€ 114,635

€ 45,854

Rafiki

€ 112,135

€ 44,854

€ 119,704

€ 47,882

€ 25,500 € 180,000 € 113,254 € 60,000 € 182,500 € 137,111

€ 5,100 € 36,000 € 45,302 € 24,000 € 36,500 € 27,422

Gemeenschappelijke publiekscampagne klimaat Milieu- en Noord-Zuidbeweging De Zuidprik "genoeg gepraat, tijd voor een klimaatdaad" Noord-Zuid persprijs: De Braziliaanse gevangenisbendes 2015 IK LOOP MEE! GPS richting toekomst

Collaboration and Development in Health Care

Saved by the bell - schoolbellen voor het recht op onderwijs Jongerenbewegingen en ontwikkelingssamenwerking My Netlog, Your Netlog, Our Rights! Jonge boeren kunnen de wereld redden Olympische spelen en fundamentele arbeidsrechten Voorbeelden uit het Zuiden Klop eens een dagje voor het zuiden

The Programme ‘Scholenbanden’ (School Ties) Vlaamse Vereniging voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking en Technische Bijstand/VVOB (Flemish Association for Development Cooperation and Technical Recipient Assistance) Subsidy € 379,000 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 132,000 As a result of the growing globalisation, there was an increased interest in cooperation between schools in the North (countries of great material welfare) and schools in the South (countries with less material welfare). As a development organisation specialising in education VVOB wants to help schools to qualitatively flesh out their international cooperation. The initiative still lies with the schools and they will decide how the international cooperation will take shape.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Contribution towards the Operating Costs of the News Service and the Costs for the Production and Distribution of the e-Zine Recipient IPS Vlaanderen (Interpress Service Flanders) Subsidy € 149,796 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 119,837 Contribution towards the Operating Costs of the News Service and the Costs for the Production and Distribution of the e-Zine Recipient Wereldmediahuis npo Subsidy € 141,831 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 28,366 Further Development of the News Site MO*/IPS Recipient IPS Vlaanderen (Interpress Service Flanders) Subsidy € 88,768 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 71,014 Contribution towards the Costs for Editorial Support of Mo* Magazine Recipient IPS Vlaanderen (Interpress Service Flanders) € 141,831 2009 € 28,366 Commitment Subsidy Payment in 2010 year € 88,992 2009 € 17,798 Contribution towards the Costs for Editorial Support of Mo* Magazine Recipient Wereldmediahuis npo Subsidy € 149,796 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 119,837

Policy area Entity

Education and Training Department of Education and Training

School Partnerships between Flemish and Moroccan Schools Recipient Several Flemish and Moroccan schools Country Morocco € 126,000 2009 € 9,754 Commitment Payment in Subsidy year 2010 € 126,000 2010 € 113,400 The aim of this project is to achieve an intercultural exchange between Flemish and Moroccan schools based on cross-curricular work, in which the development of identity and tolerance is key and should contribute to the creation of critical social awareness based on respect, equality and diversity. All participating schools receive a subsidy of EUR 7,000 to implement the project.

6.3

Trade and development

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency

Ex-Change, Flemish Platform for Posting Experts Abroad Recipient Ex-Change npo € 370,036 2009 € 94,612 Commitment Payment in Subsidy € 30,997 2010 € 30,870 year 2010 € 430,292 2010 € 312,939 Ex-Change supports SMEs in more than 20 developing countries. The service extension applies in seven sectors from tourism and agriculture to energy and water management. In its position as a local organisation, Ex-Change also has an important network in the Flemish SME environment. This was recently formalised through cooperation agreements with the Boerenbond, VKW, VOKA and Unizo. The central focus is on quality assurance in order to improve market access of developing countries as well as good marketing knowledge and various export possibilities to certain countries and regions. It thus comes as no surprise that the majority of the requests by SMEs in the South are aimed at improving the quality of their products and their internal operations. At least 30% of all missions are carried out in Malawi, Mozambique or South Africa.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Processing and Marketing of Sunflower Oil Produced by Rural Farmers’ Families Recipient Vredeseilanden Country Tanzania Subsidy € 155,595 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 62,238 Vredeseilanden aims to achieve the following objectives: - To improve the income, by 2012, of 7,000 farmers’ families, through the increased production of sunflower oil and the active participation by the farmers’ families in the marketing of sunflower oil. - To develop, by 2012, a certified (by Tanzania Bureau of Standards – TBS) and branded sunflower oil product, produced by organised farmers’ families for the domestic market. A Partner Fund for the Oxfam Wereldwinkels Recipient Oxfam Wereldwinkels (Oxfam World Shops) Country Several (Africa) Subsidy € 100,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 75,000 Through the establishment of a partner fund, Oxfam Wereldwinkels succeeds in gathering the resources it needs to respond to requests and opportunities for support of Fairtrade agricultural producers in the South. Alleviating Poverty and Increasing Market Opportunities among Southern African Small Holder Farmers through Sustainable Practices and Certification Recipient Rainforest Alliance Country Southern Africa Subsidy € 300,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 120,000 Combating poverty in Southern Africa by developing markets with an added value for sustainable tea, coffee, cacao and rooibos, through increased competitiveness, market access and the development of best practices for ecological and social sustainability, via Rainforest Alliance certification.

Building on a Sustainable Tea Supply Chain in Southern Africa Recipient Solidaridad Country South Africa, Mozambique and Zimbabwe Subsidy € 300,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 120,000 This project has the following specific objectives: 1. To increase the awareness about ecological, economic and social action and to create trust between national stakeholders for long-term cooperation through a national consultation process. 2. To increase access to markets and advantages of UTZ certification, both for small farmers and for plantation workers. Execution of Guarantee to Incofin cvso for their Participation in ACME Recipient ACME S.A. Country Haiti Subsidy € 300,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 300,000 Covering the political risk following the serious earthquake in Haiti, Port-au-Prince, on 12 January 2010, as a result of which a large number of offices and customers of ACME were seriously affected.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

6.4

Vlaams Fonds Tropisch Bos (Flemish Fund for Tropical Forests)

Policy area Entity

Environment, Nature and Energy Agency for Nature and Forests

Mixed Reforestation to Restore Degraded Land Recipient Profafor Country Ecuador (Nabón, Oña and Saraguro in Azuay and Loja) Subsidy € 59,784 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 11,957 The project is aimed at the development of three Project Design Documents (PDD), in accordance with ENCOFOR modules, for small-scale reforestation, in order to combat desertification and to promote sustainable development. The zone to be planted was deserted and is now subject to erosion due to the lack of vegetation. The main economic activity of the surrounding communities is agriculture, with a very low productivity. For the reforestation a mixture of 30% locally grown and 70% introduced plants is proposed. Integrated Management for the Protection of the Shuar Territory Arutam at Macas Recipient Fundación Natura Country Ecuador Subsidy € 98,277 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 37,765 The project seeks implementation of an integrated system of good management and recovery of the forest, afforestation, integrated forest and pasture management and agricultural and forestry systems, and the appreciation and recuperation of traditional sustainable agricultural practices in four communities within the Cordillera del Cóndor territory: Tiwintza, San Juan Bosco, Limón and Gualaquiza. More specifically the following results will be targeted: the reduction of deforestation by one sixth; the management of 80 ha under traditional aja systems (200 families) in combination with tree species for timber usage; the implementation of 40 ha agroforestry (80 families) and 50 ha sylvopastoral systems and the afforestation of 80 ha small plots with tree species for timber use. Sustainable Forest Management in 3 Indigenous Communities in the Amazon Forest Recipient Aider Country Peru Subsidy € 55,540 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 11,108 The AIDER project seeks to strengthen the sustainable forest management by three indigenous Shipibo-Konibo communities in the Ucayali region, in order to prevent deforestation and forest degradation and to create a basis for the formulation of a REDD project. REDD (Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) projects aim to prevent deforestation and forest degradation via a payment mechanism for ‘environmental services’. Forest preservation prevents greenhouse gas emissions (environmental service) and thus the climate change. Adjusted Reforestation for Specific Environments in Entre Rios and Padcaya Recipient CADEMA Country Bolivia Subsidy € 46,384 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 3,409 In this project a PDD will be drawn up for the reforestation of degraded land in the subandine region of Bolivia. The reforestation for timber supply will even reduce the pressure on the forest that is still available in the region. For the moment the time between the initial investment for the afforestation and the final return forms the largest obstacle for the communities, organisations and local authorities to start with the afforestation. The carbon market can eliminate this barrier and ensure that during the rotation income can still be generated both in the short and medium term. The reforestation will have a positive impact on the biodiversity and put an end to the erosion of degraded land.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Reforestation and Management of Primary Forest to Restore Degraded Land in the Framework of CDM

Recipient PROLIM Country Chile (Chiloe) Subsidy € 70,195 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 21,059 The proposed project is situated in the sector of Coipomó, Ancud community on the Chiloe Island. Logging for firewood and charcoal makes up more than 80% of the income of the local farmers’ families, another part of their income is derived from livestock (milk/meat). This logging endangers the present natural forest and the big share of this activity in the families’ total income makes them very vulnerable. The project wishes to give an impulse to the economic and social development of 20 poor farmers’ families and at the same time protect biodiversity. To this end small firewood plantations with eucalyptus will be set up. At the same time the aim is to ensure sustainable management of the natural forest and the improvement of grazing pastures. Generally, the existing forest of 20 x 10 ha will be managed in a sustainable manner, 20 x 2 ha per family will be planted and 20 x 4 ha grazing pastures will be improved. The project plays the role of pilot project for small forest owners in order to help shape the national plans as regards reforestation within the CDM. Promotion and Commercialisation of Wood Originating from Sustainably Managed Forests, Pastaza

Recipient Fundación Servicio Forestal Amazónico (SFA) Country Ecuador Subsidy € 68,476 Commitment year 2006 Payment in 2010 € 9,748 The project aims to promote sustainable forest management and the commercialisation of wood from sustainably managed forests by setting up a collection centre for the sale of wood (as predecessor to subsequent forest certification) and the training of forestry workers in the management of pioneering forests on the basis of natural regeneration, with a view to promoting this alternative regeneration method in the region. The project targets small wood producers (both colonials and Indians) who receive assistance in the management of their forests and who can commercialise their products through the establishment of a collection centre and will receive better prices for this wood. The main project activities consist of setting up the collection centre both in terms of infrastructure and capacity building and secondly of extending the sustainable management of pioneering forests with natural regeneration. Sustainable Management of the Natural Forest’s Raw Materials under the REDD Scheme in the Shuar Community Shaime, Bosque Protector Alto Nangaritza, Zamora Chichipe, Ecuador Recipient PROFAFOR Country Ecuador Subsidy € 74,500 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 29,800 The integrity of the Bosque Protector Nangaritza, situated in the south of Ecuador (mountain and premountain forest), in the buffer zone of the National Podocarpus Park is affected by various types of threats (infrastructure, illegal logging, mining and social land right conflicts). The objective of this project is to set up a pilot REDD project for the voluntary carbon market in accordance with ENCOFOR procedures, under the Voluntary Carbon Standard scheme and the CBB standards for sustainable project design. The project incorporates sustainable forest management activities, combats illegal logging and improves agroforestry practices in the territory of the Shuar community Shaime (7,600 ha). Participatory Development and Implementation of a Green Buffer Zone for Cubilán at Biblian Recipient Ecohomode Country Ecuador Subsidy € 78,398 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 15,680 The project wishes to contribute to the protection of the remaining Andean vegetation of the water basins of two local rivers. This will be done by developing a green belt for the District of Biblián in cooperation with the local population. The green belt will connect the protection forest Cubilán with the protection forest Machangará Tomebamba. The project provides for land use planning and zoning, improved grazing pastures by applying sylvopastoral systems (grazing and trees), and cooperation between the individual farmers’ organisations, communities and the local government.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Sustainable Management of Natural Rubber Forests by Indigenous Communities in the Amazon Forest Recipient Camera Nacional Forestal Country Peru Subsidy € 37,690 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 6,990 This project will work on the sustainable management of natural rubber forests (Hevea brasiliensis, Shiringa) in the indigenous community Sinchi Roca. This community of Cashibo-Cacataibo Indians owns a territory of some 50,000 ha, including 38,000 ha that are managed in accordance with FSC standards. The idea is to sustainably manage another 10,000 ha of rubber forest for the production of high quality natural rubber. Small Rural Land Owners for the Mitigation of Climate Change, Región de la Aruacanía Recipient CODEFF Chile Country Chile Subsidy € 75,889 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 22,767 The development of a PDD for small afforestation/reforestation activities in the frame of the CDM will enable small rural land owners (300 families, chiefly of Mapuche origin) to restore the river banks of the basin of the Toltén River in the region of de la Araucanía by planting indigenous species over a total length of 150 km along the degraded banks. Next to this the aim is also to work on dendroenergetic plantations (pine, eucalyptus and other indigenous species such as Nothofagus). All the plantations are carried out on the land of small land owners. The income generated through carbon credits can then assure the necessary management of the plantations. At the same time plantations can supply firewood in the medium term and construction timber in the long term. There is no danger of non-performance thanks to the legal framework (Ley 701), which obliges owners to replant logged sections. Reforestation and Remediation of the Degraded Buffer Zone around the Villarica National Reserve Recipient Corporación Mapuche Lonko Kilapang Country Chile Subsidy € 69,975 Commitment year 2006 Payment in 2010 € 13,995 The objective of this project is to develop a process of sustainable reforestation, recuperation and protection of deforested and now degraded land in the buffer zone of the Villarrica National Reserve with the help of a contribution from the VFTB and the subsidies available from the Chilean government for forest recuperation. The project activities largely consist of starting and drafting contracts, capacity building, supply of plant material, installing fencing, fertilization, protecting surface streams and monitoring the survival chances of the introduced plants. The target group of the project consists of small land owners, ‘Mapuches’, from the Curarrehue community, one of the poorest communities in Chile, where half of the population lives below the poverty line. Agroforestry to Prevent the Deforestation of Tropical Rainforest in the Region of Ixiamas, La Paz Recipient Fun Ecología de la Tierra Country Bolivia Subsidy € 46,977 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 14,093 In the north of the Department of La Paz, in the Province of Abel Iturralde, migratory agriculture is customary. After a first deforestation and a few years of crop harvests, the land is usually left to its own devices because it is not fertile enough and new land is found where the same system is applied. The project wishes to annually set up 20 ha of agroforestry systems on 600 ha of land, made up of small parcels of local farmers, and show how, in addition to improving the living conditions of these local communities, these systems can contribute to reducing deforestation and generate sustainable development processes. The project proposal combines REDD and A/R in one project and the requested budget will be used for the development of a PDD for this project and the planting of the first 20 ha.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Sustainable Management of the Natural Resources in the Zones Influencing the Anma Madidi National Park and the Pilon Lajas Biosphere Reserve, Beni-La Paz Recipient Fundación Centro Técnico Forestal (CETEFOR), Prisa Country Bolivia Subsidy € 69,995 Commitment year 2006 Payment in 2010 € 9,392 The tropical zone in the Bolivian departments of Beni and La Paz is a region where a great many colonials from the higher inter-Andean valleys and the Altiplano have settled since the 1970s. This colonising trend has actually increased in the last 20 years because of intensified poverty and deteriorating mining and farming conditions higher in the Andes and has brought immense pressure to bear on the tropical forests in this area. The use of traditional farming methods, in which forests are cut down and burned to make way for monocultures of crops such as rice, maize, cassava and bananas, has led to the deforestation of gigantic areas, and even incursions into protected areas. The project focuses on distributing information and providing education on sustainable (agro)forestry practices among both the colonials and the indigenous population groups in an area of land between two nature reserves. The sustainable management of the natural resources envisaged by the project should stop the advancing deforestation from encroaching on these protected reserves. Sustainable Harvesting and Commercialisation of the Brazil Nut from the Forests of the Tambopata National Reserve and Bahuaja Sonene National Park, Madre de Dios Recipient Asociación para la Conservación de la Cuenca Amazónica (ACCA) Country Peru Subsidy € 60,775 Commitment year 2006 Payment in 2010 € 9,748 The Brazil nut forests are natural forests containing non-timber produce, which extend only over specific parts of the Peruvian (Madre de Dios), Brazilian and Bolivian Amazon. The nuts produced by these trees have a very high nutritional value and enjoy a stable international market. The Brazil nut forests cover a total area of about 2.5 million ha and provide a habitat for lots of endemic species, but are also under severe threat. The project aims to help protect the forests of the Tambopata National Reserve and Bahuaja Sonene National Park and preserve their huge biodiversity through sustainable management. Activities designed to lead to improved yield systems have been set up and 27 women will be given training in the production of certified shelled nuts, whereas these were formerly sold unshelled. Certifying the whole of the marketing chain will make these products more competitive in both the local and international markets. An improvement that not only impacts the conservation of the forests and their biodiversity directly, but can also serve as a clear example of how the sound management of natural resources can lead to better economic returns. Introducing Socio-Ecological Measures for the Sustainable Management of Natural Raw Materials and Water in Pastaza Recipient CODEAMA Country Ecuador Subsidy € 60,480 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 18,144 The proposed project wishes to contribute to the protection and sustainable management of the present primary and secondary forests in the Ecuadoran Amazon, in the 5,000 ha area between the two National Parks (PN Sangay and PN Llangates), in the region around Puyo. The activities that have to contribute to a more sustainable use of natural raw materials are: participatory land use planning, capacity building in alternative production systems and awareness raising as regards water supply in the cities, theoretical and practical capacity building as regards forest management, forest exploitation, forest legislation and reforestation. In practice the acquired knowledge and capacities will be used to restore degraded land (50 ha) and critical water supply zones (21 ha) and 18 small-scale agroforestry systems will be set up. Next to this a rolling incentive fund will be developed as well as a future system for payment for environmental services.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Alternative Forest Production Systems and Land Use Planning to Reduce Deforestation of Tumbesino Forest Recipient NCI Country Ecuador Subsidy € 36,913 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 11,074 The price increase of many food crops as a result of the rising demand for biofuels is causing a series of problems worldwide of an ecological and socio-economic nature. In Latin America the price increase of maize has contributed to many coffee farmers logging their shadow coffee plantations and other forests for these lucrative unsustainable practices. In the south of Ecuador the maize did not yield the expected harvest as a result of climatic conditions. The consequence is thus deforestation, but without additional income and the continuation of unsustainable practices. The project wants to work on an alternative management for the Papalongo micro-basin (2,100 ha), where the farming communities and the municipality are working on safeguarding their water supply. There are two parts to this project: 1) The zoning and participatory land use planning of the micro-basin in order to identify the various remaining natural forests and to contribute to avoiding their deforestation; and 2) The reforestation with indigenous species, including Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa), agroforestry systems with coffee and fruit trees in order to increase and diversify the sources of income of the local communities. The proposed alternatives can compete with maize. These alternatives will contribute to harnessing carbon, to avoiding deforestation and to protecting the water supply.

6.5

Vlaams Partnerschap Water voor Ontwikkeling (Flemish Partnership ‘Water for Development’)

Policy area Entity

Environment, Nature and Energy Department of Environment, Nature and Energy

Water is Life Recipient Vrienden van Burkina Faso (Friends of Burkina Faso) Country Burkina Faso Subsidy € 100,254 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 40,000 The npo Vrienden van Burkina Faso installs hand water pumps in Burkina Faso, with the necessary focus on hygiene. After ten years of supervision under the coordination by the npo the population should now have acquired sufficient training and knowledge for a complete transfer through the establishment of a local committee and possibly through the payment of a small contribution by the local people. Drinking Water Supply and Improvement of Hygiene and Sanitation in North and West Ghana Recipient FOS Socialistische Solidariteit Country Ghana (Laribanga, Ahwia and Wiawso Township) Subsidy € 98,795 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 19,755 This project by the Fonds voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking (FOS) vzw (Development Cooperation Fund npo) aims, on the one hand, to give the village communities of Laribanga and Ahwia access to water and, on the other, to improve sanitation and hygiene in Wiawso Township by means of a reliable waste collection and management system in the north and west of Ghana. The two areas lie in rural regions where there is a lack of access to water and good sanitation. The activities to be developed in order to improve the situation are: drilling wells, constructing aboveground reservoirs, laying pipes to distribute water to 10 suitable locations, organising training in water management and improved sanitation, supplying rubbish bins and collecting waste. Cooperation takes place with the local water companies, the local authorities (Sefwi Wiawso District Council), village chiefs and committee members. Technical expertise is given by the TMVW and the assessment is carried out by the VUB’s Human Ecology Department. The project has a duration of 24 months and will supply 3,500 people with drinking water and 7,500 people with improved sanitation. It will indirectly affect 6,500 and 15,000 people, respectively.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Water and Sanitation Project in 20 Small Villages in Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India Recipient Caritas International Country India Subsidy € 70,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 28,000 This project aims to improve access to healthy potable water and to sanitary facilities in 20 villages. The activities consist of information meetings and capacity enhancing programmes with the target group to apply best practices with regard to hygiene and health. The main activities of the project include refilling open wells with rain water, deepening water reservoirs, constructing rain water wells, constructing rain water catchment systems on roofs, repairing manual pumps, constructing individual toilets per family, improving drainage systems by constructing cesspits and joint dump pits, fighting mosquitoes and constructing outlet channels. Water and Sanitation Project Bonkoukou-Niger Recipient Ninafri Country Niger Subsidy € 45,000 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 7,583 This project seeks to drill a water well, to place an accompanying pump and to renovate the existing sanitary facilities of the CSI (centre de santé intégré – centre for integrated health) in the Boukoukou village in Niger. Given the exemplary position of the CSI regarding hygiene and sanitation, awareness courses on this subject are arranged regularly. Supply of Drinking Water for the Village of Wélia Mbounka Recipient Bevrijde Wereld Country Senegal Subsidy € 108,092 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 43,000 This project will realise access to potable water at the Wélia Mbounka village. Water will be made accessible for the entire community by drilling a well and by constructing a water tower and a water pipe network with filling points. The project fits in with a broader programme on food security and water supply which Bevrijde Wereld carried out in the region during the period 2005-2010 together with its partner organisations FODDE and GADEC. FODDE also raises awareness of hygiene and sanitation through another programme. Restoring the Supply and Distribution Network of Running Water in Bwamanda Recipient CDI Bwamanda Country Democratic Republic of Congo Subsidy € 141,150 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 56,000 The water distribution network and the sanitary infrastructure of the Bwamanda pilot centre, which have existed for 40 years, but were seriously damaged during the war, have not been restored so far. The proposed project aims to install a modern supply and distribution network for drinking water in Bwamanda. Integrated Water Management in the Inner Niger Delta (Phase 4) Recipient Protos Country Mali Subsidy € 45,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 18,000 The project aims to improve the living conditions of the residents of the 18 communities by constructing water points and sanitary facilities. Next to the construction of these facilities work also continues to reinforce the management capacities of the drinking water committees of both the existing and planned infrastructure, the 18 municipal authorities, the technical decentralised government services and some six local NGOs. In addition, the project partners wish to continue to help implement the Integrated Water Management concept in the inner delta.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Sanitation and Management of Drinking Water in the Popular Neighbourhoods of Toamasina Recipient Protos Country Madagascar Subsidy € 50,000 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 20,000 This pilot project aims to provide access to drinking water for 2,000 people and provides sanitary facilities, training and awareness-raising for 300 families and the pupils of the neighbourhoods concerned. In addition, local actors are strengthened in their involvement in the management of drinking water and sanitation. Finally, an action plan is developed and presented to the financing bodies so as to extend the experiences on a larger scale. Remediation of Drinking Water Supply in Monrovia Recipient Ecorem Country Liberia Subsidy € 69,825 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 13,965 The basic objectives of this project are: 1/ To develop a number of simple techniques to provide people who do not have access to tap water with safe drinking water. 2/ To raise awareness among the people with regard to the significance of sanitary facilities, waste management and wastewater treatment. Sustainable Drinking Water Supply and Integrated Water Management in Ecuador Recipient Protos Country Ecuador Subsidy € 50,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 20,000 This project aims to improve the living conditions of less wealthy population groups by providing them with sustainable access to drinking water and sanitation and by conserving the water supplies in 6 districts of Ecuador. To this end work is made on (1) access to potable water and basic sanitation, (2) sustainable management structures for rural drinking water supply and (3) consolidation and the application of models for integrated water management and watershed management. ‘Clean Water, Clean Hands’: Water Supply Project for the People of Mateko Recipient Caritas International Country Democratic Republic of Congo Subsidy € 28,800 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 3,698 The Caritas International project is located in the province of Bandundu, Congo. The general objective of the project is to improve the state of health of the local population by providing safe potable water, sanitary infrastructure and education on hygiene. This will happen by drilling 10 wells, constructing a sanitation block and providing training on hygiene at the training centre. The project’s newly drilled wells will reach 3,000 families in 10 villages (15,000 people), representing 50% of the population in the target region, i.e., Mateko-Kalo-Mangai. The training part will be aimed at 1,000 people. The training mainly targets women who will then apply the acquired knowledge at home with their families. The impact will be greatest on the children’s state of health. The local population is closely involved in the planning and location of the wells and will be trained and employed to construct and maintain these wells. The project duration is 18 months and provides 15,000 people with water and educates 1,500 people as regards sanitation and hygiene. Drinking Water and Sanitation in the Popular Neighbourhoods of the District of Bamako Recipient Protos Country Mali Subsidy € 150,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 60,000 The aim of this project is to improve the living conditions of the population in deprived neighbourhoods of two municipalities in the district of Bamako, by giving 12,000 people access to drinking water and 8,000 to basic sanitation, and by laying the foundations for an extension to approximately 100,000 people.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Sustainable Access to Drinking Water, Sanitary Facilities and Hygiene in Malawi Recipient UNICEF (Belgian Committee) Country Malawi Subsidy € 134,080 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 53,500 In line with the ‘Malawi Growth and Development Strategy’, this project seeks to make access to drinking water more sustainable. To this end three levels are worked on: 1/ Increasing access to drinking water. 2/ Raising awareness as regards hygiene in the communities to achieve a sustainable change in behaviour which prevents water-related diseases. 3/ Using the project results to create additional support in Flanders. Drinking Water Supply and Improvement of Hygiene and Waste Treatment in Karni in the Lambussie-Karni District and Kitase in the Akuapim South Municipality Recipient FOS Country Ghana Subsidy € 110,154 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 44,062 This project is aimed at improving human health and the quality of life of the Karni and Kitase communities by providing good quality drinking water and creating better living conditions in terms of health and sanitation. To this end investments are made in the drilling and mechanisation of two wells in the two communities, the construction of two aboveground water reservoirs, the construction of a pipe system for water distribution and the provision of training in the management of drinking water facilities, hygiene and waste treatment. Water and Sanitation-Related Service in Toamasina, Madagascar Recipient Protos Country Madagascar Subsidy € 50,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 20,000 This project aims to sustainably improve the basic water and sanitation-related service for the inhabitants of the popular neighbourhoods of Toamasina. It is a follow-up project of the pilot project that was started early 2009 and during which intense cooperation took place with the local public drinking water company Jirama. After a first limited commitment in the urban environment it is tried to achieve a direct increase in the number of drinking water users and owners of basic sanitary facilities.

6.6

Scientific institutions

Policy area Entity

Education and Training Agency for Higher and Adult Education

Subsidy to the Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde Antwerpen/ITG (Institute of Tropical Recipient Medicine Antwerp) Subsidy € 10,151,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 10,151,000 The annual subsidy to the Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp is safeguarded under the Flemish Parliament Act of 18 May 1999 with respect to some institutions of post-initial education, scientific research and scientific service provision. This subsidy covers personnel expenses, operating expenses and equipment costs. The ITG provides post-initial education and scientific services and carries out scientific research in the field of tropical medicine. The management agreement between the ITG and the Flemish Ministry of Education lays down further conditions with regard to the activities of this institution. In 2009, the ITG benefited from an investment of EUR 10,151,000. According to the cooperation agreement, 40% thereof is intended for higher technical education and 40% goes to scientific research. The remaining 20% is spent on social services for the benefit of poor target groups in developing countries.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Subsidy to the Institute of Development Policy and Management Instituut voor Ontwikkelingsbeleid en –Beheer/IOB (Institute of Development Recipient Policy and Management) Subsidy € 2,075,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 2,075,000 Based on Article 169quater of the Flemish Parliament Act of 12 June 1991 regarding the universities in the Flemish Community, the Flemish Community contributes funding for the Institute of Development Policy and Management which has been set up at the University of Antwerp. The purpose of the IOB is to organise and provide post-initial education, carry out scientific research and provide scientific services relating to economic, political and social aspects of development policy and management. The management agreement that was concluded with the IOB describes the obligations in the Flemish Parliament Act in greater detail and includes concrete methods of implementation.

Policy area Entity

Economy, Science and Innovation Department of Economy, Science and Innovation

Support to IPBO Instituut voor Plantenbiotechnologie voor Ontwikkelingslanden (IPBO/UGent) (Institute of Plant Biotechnology for Developing Countries) Subsidy € 83,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 71,000 The Institute of Plant Biotechnology for Developing Countries was established in 2000 at Ghent University on the initiative of Em. Prof. Marc Van Montagu. The purpose of the Institute is to carry out research on crops from developing countries, organise supply-driven technology transfer and respond to requests from developing countries to be put in contact with existing technological knowledge supply in the industrialised world. The activities relate to plant biotechnology and its application in the food supply system. Examples include the growing of traditional local crops which are more resistant to stress (dry and rough land, tolerance against a high aluminium level, etc.) or which contain high levels of certain substances which are lacking in local foods (vitamin A, medicinal substances, etc.). Recipient

The Flemish Region and Ghent University signed a first agreement concerning support for the IPBO on 10 June 2004. As a result, the Institute received funds to draw up a strategic and financial plan for structural cooperation between the IPBO and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB). The ICGEB was formed under the auspices of the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO). This organisation conducts and coordinates research and training in molecular biology and biotechnology, with particular attention given to the needs of developing countries. In 2007, the IPBO received an operating subsidy of EUR 100,000. This amount is annually reduced by EUR 9,000 up to and including 2011. Support to ICRH Recipient International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH/UGent) Subsidy € 72,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 58,000 The International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH) is a multi-disciplinary centre operating within the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at Ghent University. It was set up in 1994 as a result of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD, Cairo 1994). Since 2004, the ICRH has been recognised by the World Health Organisation as a WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on Sexual and Reproductive Health. In addition to research and training, ICRH also takes part in development projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America, and does so in cooperation with several other universities and international organisations, including the University of Antwerp, the Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Artsen zonder Grenzen and Sensoa. ICRH seeks to have reproductive health for men and women recognised as a fundamental human right. The Centre gives technical assistance to national and international health and development administrations in the fields of HIV, sexually transmitted diseases, family planning and sexual and gender-related violence.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Support to CTU (ITG) Recipient Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp Subsidy € 1,750,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 1,600,000 The Clinical Trial Unit (CTU) is an interdepartmental unit that aims to provide technical support to the departments of the Institute of Tropical Medicine in the design, implementation, coordination, monitoring, data management and statistical analyses of technical experiments and intervention research, in order to tackle health problems in developing countries.

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs

Personnel Costs for the Implementation of Scientific Research Recipient Flemish Support Centre for Foreign Policy, Tourism and Recreation Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 Only the costs for development cooperation research were considered here.

€ 71,892

UNESCO-UNU Chair on Regional Integration, Migration and Free Movement of People Recipient UNU-CRIS Country Southern Africa Subsidy € 25,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 20,000 The Chair will mainly address the opportunities and challenges of regional integration, the social dimension of regional integration, migration and in particular the free movement of people within South Africa and the South African region. The collaboration between the different partners and networks will produce a set of framework guidelines for local representatives. These guidelines will highlight the main challenges that have to be addressed with regard to the free movement of people. They will also stress the effective response that may be implemented in different contexts. Bringing together academics, governments, regional organisations, NGOs and private organisations, the UNESCO-UNU Chair will serve as a think tank and bridge builder. Through research, training and capacity building it will share its expertise with the aim of making free movement of people tangible in the South African region, decreasing contentious debates and having an open problem-solving communication.

6.7

Scholarships

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs

Institute of Transport and Maritime Management (ITMMA) Subsidy € 137,600 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 91,400 Award of scholarships to foreign students for their participation in the master-after-master ‘Programme in Transport and Maritime Management’ at the Institute of Transport and Maritime Management Antwerp (ITMMA). (EUR 9,140 for Indonesia, EUR 9,140 for Panama, EUR 18,280 for Cambodia, EUR 18,280 for Vietnam, EUR 9,140 for China and EUR 9,140 for Brazil) Subsidy € 50,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 40,000 Award of scholarships to South African students to obtain a ‘Postgraduate Diploma in Transport and Logistics Management’.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Scholarships for APEC Port-Related Short Course Payment in 2010 € 126,000 The standard programme comprises fifteen courses. The scholarship is made up of two parts: the enrolment fee on the one hand, and the accommodation costs on the other. Each scholarship has a value of EUR 3,000. Scholarships were granted to students from Brazil (21), Chile (3), Indonesia (10), Jordan (4), China (3) and Burundi (1). Sustainable Tourist Destination Management 2007 and 2009 Recipient WES npo Country Southern Africa € 124,614 2009 € 19,873 Commitment Payment in Subsidy year 2010 € 110,000 2010 € 90,000 The non-profit organisation WES operates in the field of regional and local economic development. WES acts as a specialised knowledge partner and carries out studies and makes recommendations to public administrations and private organisations at home and abroad. WES focuses on a number of select market niches such as tourism, environmental research, spatial planning and training. The Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs subsidises WES in its organisation of the ‘Sustainable Tourism Destination Management’ course. This is a six-week course in Bruges aimed at professionals from national tourism organisations and from local incoming tour operators from developing countries. The course is open to participants from six countries in Southern Africa: South Africa, Mozambique, Namibia, Lesotho, Botswana and Swaziland. The objective is to build knowledge as regards the current approach to the management of tourist destinations and sustainable project development on the one hand, and to foster the exchange of experience, new ideas and strategies between colleagues from various countries on the other. The course is part of the working programme to which South Africa and Flanders mutually agreed.

Policy area Entity

Mobility and Public Works Department of Mobility and Public Works

Scholarships for APEC Port-Related Short Course Payment in 2010 € 253,200 In 2010, 80 scholarships were granted for APEC port-related short courses (36 to China, 13 to India, 10 to Vietnam, 4 to Ivory Coast, 3 each to Thailand, Cambodia and Laos, 2 to Jordan and one each to Ghana, Kenya, Indonesia, Mexico, Morocco and Cuba). Fellowships for International PIANC – COPEDEC VIII Conference, Chennai India, February 2012 Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 40,000 PIANC-COPEDEC aims to provide a forum where coastal and port engineers from developing countries can exchange know-how and experience amongst themselves and with their colleagues from industrialised countries. The main activity of the IOC and the LOC is to organise a four-yearly conference which is to take place in a developing country and for which fellowships are granted to participants from developing countries. During the past seven conferences (Colombo, Beijing, Mombasa, Rio de Janeiro, Cape Town, Colombo and Dubai) over half of the 400 to 500 participants were experts from developing countries. The Brussels-based World Association for Waterborne th Transport Infrastructure (PIANC) will organise the 8 PIANC-COPEDEC (Coastal and Port Engineering in Developing Countries) Conference in Chennai, India, in February 2012. For this conference Flanders wishes to grant 50 fellowships to participants from developing countries at USD 2,500 / fellow, which is USD 125,000 or EUR 90,000 (1 USD = EUR 0.72). A first instalment of EUR 10,000 was paid in 2009 and currently a second instalment of EUR 40,000 is paid.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Policy area Entity

Education and Training Agency for Higher and Adult Education

Scholarships and lecturer exchanges Payments in 2010 Lecturer exchange: € 33,200 Scholarships: € 167,953 Scholarships in the context of bilateral agreements are awarded on the basis of the work programmes used to implement these agreements. They determine the number of scholarships to be awarded and the general and financial conditions under which this can take place. The general and financial conditions are the same for all countries and were established in the Flemish Government Decree of 27 March 1991. The number of scholarships to be awarded varies from country to country. Scholarships to students from the countries below qualify as ODA: China (9), Egypt (3), India (3), Morocco (3), Mexico (10). In 2009, payments were also made for a lecturer exchange programme to: China (2), India (1).

6.8

Support to NGOs and other indirect cooperation

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency

Subsidies in the Framework of the Flemish Intersectoral Agreement for the Social Profit Sector Subsidy € 814,873 Commitment year 2008-2009 Payment in 2010 € 727,388 Contribution towards the wage costs for personnel members under former DAC status for: OxfamWereldwinkel Antwerp, Atol npo, Vredeseilanden, Solidariteitsfonds npo, Trias npo, OxfamWereldwinkel Kortrijk, Oxfam-Wereldwinkel Hasselt npo, Broederlijk Delen, Oxfam-Wereldwinkel SintTruiden, Wereldsolidariteit Limburg, Oxfam-Wereldwinkel Tielt, Geneeskunde Voor De Derde Wereld npo, IPIS npo, Ucos npo. Flemish Association for Development Cooperation and Technical Assistance (VVOB) € 250,000 2010 € 200,000 Commitment Payment in Subsidy year 2010 € 250,000 2009 € 250,000 Contribution towards the operating expenses of the registered office. General Operating Subsidy to Music Fund Recipient Music Fund Subsidy € 15,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 12,000 In general the organisation works on the integration of culture and development cooperation on a three-track basis: 1. The collection of musical instruments from all over Europe and the transportation of these instruments to developing countries and conflict areas. 2. The establishment of music schools, including some with repair workshops. Within this framework experts from Europe train local people how to maintain and repair instruments. 3. The provision of training opportunities with European instrument builders through internships (full-time courses of 1 year). Projects were already realised in the Middle East, Mozambique (Maputo) and the DR Congo. In 2010, three music schools became partners of the organisation: Melodi Music Trust in Soweto, the Universidade Eduardo Mondlane in Maputo and the Music School le Grillon (Congo).

Policy area Entity

Culture, Youth, Sport and Media Agency for Arts and Heritage

General Operating Subsidy to Music Fund Recipient Music Fund € 25,000 Commitment Subsidy year € 15,000 (See earlier)

2009 2010

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Payment in 2010

€ 5,000 € 12,000

Policy area Entity

Work and Social Economy Flemish Subsidy Agency for Work and Social Economy (VSAWSE)

Employment Programmes (DAC & Gesco) in NGOs Payment in 2010 € 788,168 Wage subsidies to NGOs in the framework of the Derde Arbeidscircuit/DAC (Third Employment Circuit) and Gesubsidieerde Contractuelen (Subsidised Contract Employees) in the generalised system (Gescos). NGOs: Fonds voor Ontwikkelingssamenwerking Brussel, ATOS Hasselt, Conseil de la Jeunesse Catholique Brussel, Oxfam Belgique Brussel, Les Magasins du Monde Oxfam Brussel, GRESEA, Koepel van de Noord-Zuidbeweging-11.11.11 Brussel, Latijns-Amerikaanse Federatie Antwerpen, Oxfam Wereldwinkel (Antwerp, Ghent, Bruges and Roeselare), Centrum Mundiale Vorming-De Zevende Wereld Alken, DJAPO Leuven, Vredeseilanden Coopibo Leuven.

6.9

Miscellaneous

Policy area Entity

Culture, Youth, Sport and Media Agency for Arts and Heritage

TIPA Recipient Vrienden van Tibet (Friends of Tibet) Country Tibet Subsidy € 10,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 Restoration and decoration of the TIPA Museum at Dharamsala - India

€ 2,000

Cooperation between KVS - Congo Recipient Koninklijke Vlaamse Schouwburg/KVS (Royal Flemish Theatre) Country Democratic Republic of Congo € 62,500 2009 € 62,500 Commitment Payment in Subsidy year 2010 € 60,000 2010 € 48,000 A cooperation project set up and coordinated by the Koninklijke Vlaamse Schouwburg (Royal Flemish Theatre) gathers different Flemish and Congolese artists from various disciplines to exchange experiences and work on capacity building. Courses, workshops and joint productions are provided. The project also invests in material equipment.

Policy area Entity

Mobility and Public Works Department of Mobility and Public Works

Capacity Building Vietnam Inland Waterway Administration to Protect the Environment Recipient VUB - Human Ecology Department Country Vietnam Subsidy € 40,130 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 40,130 The economic development and consequently also the port and inland navigation development of Vietnam are experiencing an unprecedented growth. The consequences for the environment could thus be disastrous if environmental capacity building is not worked on at the same time. Therefore, this is considered one of the main priorities of international cooperation by the international community. For this reason, the specific objective of this project is, in view of the planned establishment of an ‘Environmental Management and Inspection Service within VIWA’, to pay specific attention to enhancing the capacity of local experts in terms of environmental aspects of inland navigation projects, which is to result in sustainable development. During the talks on the new cooperation programme for the period 2008-2010 between MoT Vietnam and MOW Vlaanderen within the framework of the concluded friendship agreement, the Vietnam Ministry of Transport explicitly requested this assistance.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Navigation Training and Research Centre, Vientiane, Lao PDR Recipient Ministry of Public works and Transport, Lao PDR Country Laos Subsidy € 25,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 25,000 At the explicit request of the Ministry of Public Works and Transport – Waterway Department (MPWT WAD) of the People’s Democratic Republic of Laos, Flanders is providing assistance for the start-up of a ‘Navigation Training Centre’ in Vientiane. In 2006 a formulation study (with establishment of reference terms) was carried out for this with funds from Flanders. Upgrade of the Training Facilities of VINAMARINE’s Maritime Colleges Recipient Vietnam Maritime Administration (VINAMARINE), Ministry of Transport, Vietnam Country Vietnam Subsidy € 40,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 40,000 This contribution is given to equip Maritime College no. 1, Hai Phong, with an e-library and a practical workshop and to provide Maritime College no. 2, Ho Chi Minh City, with fire fighting and life saving equipment. Due to a lack of funds the facilities and infrastructure of these schools are poor and outdated. During the talks on the new cooperation programme for the period 2008-2010 between MoT Vietnam and MOW Vlaanderen within the framework of the concluded friendship agreement (1996), the Vietnam Ministry of Transport explicitly requested this assistance. Improving and Updating Syllabuses and Curricula for Captains and Boat Engineers for Inland Waterway Vessels Recipient Vietnam Inland Waterway Administration (VIWA), Ministry of Transport, Vietnam Country Vietnam Subsidy € 35,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 35,000 Assistance is given in upgrading the curricula and syllabuses for the training of captains and motorists in inland navigation by the VIWA vocational schools. The economic development and consequently also the port and inland navigation development of Vietnam are experiencing an unprecedented growth. Therefore, the training of captains and motorists in inland navigation is of vital importance for shipping safety. For this reason, it is the VIWA’s intention to draw up modern curricula and syllabuses for its inland navigation – vocational schools, to which Flanders will contribute as well by building the capacity of local experts in inland navigation, which is subsequently to result in sustainable development. Monitoring and Evaluation of the Installed Wind Turbine in the Port of Sihanoukville Recipient Port Authority of Sihanoukville (PAS) Country Cambodia Subsidy € 10,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 10,000 In 2002, a feasibility study was carried out into the available wind energy and the costs and benefits of the installation of a wind turbine in the port of Sihanoukville. In September 2009, the wind turbine was installed at a total study and investment cost of EUR 837,000, to which about 40% was contributed by the MOW department, 25% by the EU Asia Pro Eco Programme and 35% by the Sihanoukville Port Authority. Now, the Port Authority has requested an additional contribution to monitor and evaluate the operation of the wind turbine during one year in cooperation with a Flemish consultancy firm. By actually promoting environment-friendly energy in this developing country, which is fully in line with the priority policy of the Cambodian Government, opportunities have been created to apply alternative forms of energy more easily than the traditional thermal plants. By emphasising the environmentfriendly aspect of the project, attention is devoted to this country’s sustainable development.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Capacity Building for Designing and Constructing Bank Protections along the Mekong River in the Lao PDR Recipient Waterway Department, Ministry of Public Works and Transport, Lao PDR Country Laos Subsidy € 10,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 10,000 Bank protections to counter the progressing bank erosion are of exceptional importance for the people of Laos. In terms of design research Laos still has to call on the assistance of foreign countries. Therefore, new basic equipment and capacity building of the ‘bank protections’ division in the Ministry seem to be of primordial importance in this project. During the first phase of this project (2002-2003) Laos explicitly requested Flanders to examine how it could assist Laos in designing and calculating bank protections and small river ports / berths for ferries along the Mekong River. In a second phase, which started in 2006, the actual training was organised. Capacity Building Cambodian Maritime, Port and Inland Waterway Transport Legislation Recipient Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MPWT), Royal Government of Cambodia Country Cambodia Subsidy € 22,600 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 22,600 Within the framework of the economic reconstruction Cambodia aims to reactivate its shipping sector. However, it does not have the required legislation and training opportunities. With this project capacity building is achieved by providing assistance in the drafting of maritime and port legislation, as well as in drawing up a waste management plan for ships and safety regulations for ferries.

Policy area Entity

Education and Training Department of Education and Training

Quality Improvement in Medicine Studies at Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), Maputo Universiteit Gent vakgroep huisartsengeneeskunde (Department of Family Recipient Medicine at Ghent University) Country Mozambique Subsidy € 400,143 Commitment year 2008 Payment in 2010 € 160,055 This project aims to improve medicine studies at the UEM by introducing a number of important principles such as student-oriented and problem-solving learning. In August 2008 the general frame for a new curriculum for medical training was approved. This project wishes to underpin and consolidate the process of further curriculum development. Support for Basic Education in Lambussie in the Upper West Region of Ghana Recipient FOS – Socialistische solidariteit Country Ghana Subsidy € 60,000 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 20,000 The project aims to support the communities of Lambussie in providing unrestricted quality education.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

7. Emergency relief and humanitarian aid In the context of international cooperation, Flanders also provides assistance for areas affected by natural or man-made disasters. This can also relate to deteriorating structural problems as the result of war, famine, population displacement, streams of refugees or epidemics. The situation must be such that the local government or an international organisation requests help from the international community. Humanitarian actions are preferably carried out by NGOs or international organisations with experience in the area of emergency relief.

Policy area Entity

Flemish Foreign Affairs Flanders International Cooperation Agency

Emergency Relief for Flood Victims in Mongolia Recipient Caritas International Country Mongolia Subsidy € 50,000 Commitment year

2009

Payment in 2010

€ 4,951

Aid to Flood Victims in Namibia Recipient Rode Kruis - Vlaanderen Internationaal Vzw (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders) Country Namibia Subsidy € 99,999 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 9,999 Music for Life: gezinnen en moeders op de vlucht weer samen brengen (Reuniting Refugee Families and Mothers) Recipient Rode Kruis - Vlaanderen Internationaal Vzw (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders) Country Undetermined Subsidy € 257,500 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 51,500 Music for Life: Stop malaria. Laat de wereld niet in de steek (Stop Malaria. Do Not Let The World Down) Recipient Rode Kruis - Vlaanderen Internationaal Vzw Country Burundi Subsidy € 300,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 300,000 Coordinating and Providing Logistic Support to the Flemish Expertise for Granting Medical Humanitarian Aid in the South Recipient Vlaamse Medische Interventie/V-Med (Flemish Medical Intervention) Subsidy € 80,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 80,000 Emergency Relief as a Result of Flooding and Landslides Recipient Rode Kruis - Vlaanderen Internationaal Vzw (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders) Country Philippines Subsidy € 120,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010 € 120,000 Humanitarian Aid to Flood Victims as a Result of Heavy Rain in Ouagadougou Recipient UNICEF (Belgian Committee) Country Burkina Faso Subsidy € 260,000 Commitment year 2009 Payment in 2010

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

€ 260,000

Aid to Emergency Interventions for Earthquake Victims in Haiti Belgisch Consortium voor Noodhulpsituaties vzw (Belgian Consortium for Recipient Emergency Situations npo) Country Haiti Subsidy € 300,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 270,000 Emergency Relief Programme as a Result of Flooding in Pakistan Recipient Rode Kruis - Vlaanderen Internationaal Vzw (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders) Country Pakistan Subsidy € 149,990 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 135,000 Aid to Refugees in Angola Recipient UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees) Country Angola Subsidy € 121,500 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 Precarious Food Situation in Chad Recipient UNICEF (Belgian Committee) Country Chad Subsidy € 100,000 Commitment year

2010

€ 121,500

Payment in 2010

€ 90,000

Emergency Relief Programme for Victims of the Food Crisis in Niger Recipient Caritas International Country Niger Subsidy € 100,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010

€ 90,000

Aid to Earthquake Victims in Malawi Recipient Rode Kruis - Vlaanderen Internationaal Vzw (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders) Country Malawi Subsidy € 100,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 90,000 Structural Reconstruction of the Micro-Financing Institution ACME Following the Earthquake of 12 January 2010 Recipient ACME Country Haiti Subsidy € 50,000 Commitment year 2010 Payment in 2010 € 50,000

Policy area Entity

Environment, Nature and Energy Department of Environment, Nature and Energy

Music for Life – de wereld schreeuwt om drinkwater (The World Urgently Needs Drinking Water) Recipient Rode Kruis - Vlaanderen Internationaal Vzw (Belgian Red Cross-Flanders) Country Ivory Coast Subsidy € 150,000 Commitment year 2007 Payment in 2010 € 20,931

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

Ordering printed copies Printed copies of the Flemish ODA Report can be ordered from the Flemish Department of Foreign Affairs. The contact person within the Policy Division can be reached as follows: • • • •

E-mail : Telephone: Fax : Post :

simon.calcoen@iv.vlaanderen.be 02-553 60 45 02-553 51 01 Boudewijnlaan 30, B-1000 Brussel

End Notes 1

The directives for ODA reporting can be found at http://www.oecd.org/document/4/0,3343,en_2649_34447_1918532_1_1_1_1,00.html 2 Walraet, A, Internationale ontwikkelingssamenwerking 2005-2006, Third World Studies Department (lecture of 12 October 2005) 3 VRIND publications are online available at http://www4.vlaanderen.be/dar/svr/Publicaties/Pages/Publicaties.aspx 4 OECD-DAC, DAC Members’ Commitments and Performance: Summary Table of OECD Secretariat Projections, April 2010. 5

MDG Gap Task Force Report 2010: Development at a Critical Juncture, New York, 2010

SEC(2010) 420: Financing for Development - Annual Progress Report 2010 7 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Development Cooperation for the MDGs: Maximizing Results, New York, 2010, page 19 8

The European Commission is not regarded as a bilateral donor. Therefore, it was not included in the composition of the ranking.

The Flemish ODA Report 2010

iv.vlaanderen.be